Term
| Name the regenerative electrical signal use by neuronal axons to carry information to the axon terminal region? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What seven-letter word beginning with 'F' is a hole or opening in a bone through which nerves and blood vessels pass? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the anterior chamber behind the cornea contains a clear watery fluid called what?,Aqueous humor |
|
|
Term
| The wrist is what type of joint? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the inner layer of the kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where is urine temporarily stored before it is voided?,Bladder |
|
|
Term
| In what part of the body would one find the sciatic nerve? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the outer layer of the kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A site of countercurrent multiplier systems |
|
Definition
| diuretics such as furosemide and bumetanide act here. Ending at the macula densa, it is divided into two thin and two thick portions. The descending arm is very permeable to water, but not permeable to salts, while the ascending limb is not permeable to water, but is permeable to salts and later actively reabsorbs them. In the kidney, what name is given to the hairpin loop important in the filtration of the blood?,Loop of Henle |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| salts, glucose, urea, uric acid, and creatine are filtered into this small sack which encloses the glomerulus. About one hundredth of the amount of fluid that enters it is transformed into urine; the rest is reabsorbed by the body. What name is given to the double-walled capsule that surrounds a glomerulus in the kidney?,Bowman's (capsule) |
|
|
Term
| What endocrine gland is responsible for regulation of the growth and development of the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| produced by the brain, is three times stronger than morphine?,Endorphin(s) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the network of capillaries which make up part of a single nephron is called what?,Glomerulus |
|
|
Term
| The sebaceous glands in the human body produce what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pumping chambers of the heart are called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What cranial nerve is associated with the sense of smell? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first six or so inches of the small intestine is known as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which term derived from the Latin for 'sacred bone' designates the triangular bone above the coccyx that forms the back of the pelvis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the two basic divisions of the peripheral nervous system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What major group of neurons conduct impulses from the central nervous system to muscles and glands? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This hormone is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland |
|
Definition
| and a deficiency in it leads to diabetes insipidus. Produced by cells in the hypothalamus, it does its work in the kidney, where it makes the walls of the renal tubules and collecting ducts more permeable to water so that more can be reabsorbed into the bloodstream. Name this hormone, which controls the concentration of bodily fluids?,Antidiuretic hormone or ADH |
|
|
Term
| The center of the eyeball contains a transparent jelly-like substance. What is this substance called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name of the tympanic membrane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What major group of neurons conduct nerve impulses from receptors to the central nervous system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific study of the structure of living organisms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The clear fluid filling the ventricles of the brain and spinal cord is called the? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The rhythmic movement of the esophagus that moves food along is called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the liquid part of the blood that carries blood cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Blood passes through the kidneys through what artery? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bones in the human body all have formal names. What is the more commonly known name for the clavicle bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gland is responsible for regulating calcium and phosphates in the blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the largest vein in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What retinal receptors in the eye permit the perception of colors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the three bones that make up the pelvic girdle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What retinal cells in the eye are important for night vision? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nervous system has three parts. The peripheral nervous system and the central nervous system are two of these. Name the third? |
|
Definition
| Autonomic (nervous system) |
|
|
Term
| What gland releases epinephrine or adrenaline? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In humans it regulates the circadian rhythm via the secretion of its chief product. Name this small endocrine gland that produces melatonin.? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| like veins, have valves that prevent the backflow of fluid toward the capillaries, and they depend mainly on the movement of skeletal muscles to squeeze fluid toward the heart. Its nodes are honeycombs of connective tissue with spaces filled by white blood cells. What body system helps drain excess fluids from tissues and returns the fluid to the blood?,Lymphatic (system) |
|
|
Term
| It stimulates milk production in the mammary glands. Name this hormone whose effect must be preceded by the presence of other hormones in the mammary gland tissues? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what functions both as an endocrine and as an exocrine gland?,Pancreas |
|
|
Term
| What type of joint is the shoulder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the two basic divisions of the central nervous system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name of the cheek bones in humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What organ produces bile? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the brain controls the pituitary gland? It also controls body temperature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The color of human skin is largely due to what pigment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The hammer and anvil are two of the three bones of the ear which enable a person to hear. What is the third? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The breaking down of food by enzymes makes up which phase of extracellular digestion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chewing and grinding make up which phase of extracellular digestion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What term beginning with V refers to structures of no apparent use to an organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the two basic divisions of the nervous system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What organs are located in the pleural cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what two phases make up extracellular digestion?,Mechanical and chemical |
|
|
Term
| What two-word term refers to the area on the retina where the optic nerve enters and which there is no vision? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the five main tissues in animals? |
|
Definition
| Epithelial, Muscle, Connective, Nerve, Blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what tissue holds tissues and organs together?,Connective (tissue) |
|
|
Term
| It keeps the body in homeostasis through neural signals to the autonomic nervous system or endocrine signals sent in conjunction with the pituitary. These signals regulate body heat |
|
Definition
| fluid intake, and body weight, the latter by monitoring the body's "set-point". The name of what region indicates it lies below another brain structure?,Hypothalamus |
|
|
Term
| Muscle tissue is divided into three main types. Name them? |
|
Definition
| Skeletal, Smooth, Cardiac |
|
|
Term
| What tissue lines the internal organs of animals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What protein is produced by boiling bones and hides? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the two divisions of the human skeleton? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the place on the heart that produces and controls the human heartbeat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The first protein ever viewed in three dimensions by X-ray crystallography |
|
Definition
| it is common in the slow-twitch muscle fibers and is released into the bloodstream when a muscle is damaged, and thus a test for it can confirm muscle injury. The changing affinity for water in this molecule's reduced iron atom governs the changing color of meat. Name the conjugated protein of vertebrate muscle fibers that holds oxygen more tightly than its blood-borne cousin, hemoglobin?,Myoglobin |
|
|
Term
| What term refers to the deliberate termination a pregnancy before the fetus is born? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary function of the large intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the functional unit of the kidney? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What tube connects the middle ear to the back of the throat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Eggs pass from the ovaries to the uterus through what structures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the soft red or yellow material found inside the cavity of a bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the shaft of long bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| it increases in weight in the first two years of life, and from then until puberty grows slowly to a weight of about 1.5 ounces. After puberty, it shrinks gradually and its lymphatic tissue is replaced by fat, though it also contains a few small areas of epithelial tissue known as Hassall's corpuscles. Name this gland, which is located just beneath the upper portion of the sternum in almost all vertebrates, in which T cells mature and from which those cells derive their name?,Thymus |
|
|
Term
| What part of the brain coordinates nerve impulses relating to the senses of sight |
|
Definition
| hearing, touch, and taste?,Thalamus |
|
|
Term
| What organ near the stomach makes and stores red blood cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The small intestine joins the large intestine in an area containing the appendix known as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bones beginning with a P make up the top and back of the skull just above the occipital bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During embryonic development |
|
Definition
| the developing organism after the gastrula stage is referred to by what term?,Fetus |
|
|
Term
| What term refers to the fluid-filled sac in joints which reduces friction between the bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Final digestion of foods in humans occurs where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the three divisions of the small intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| secreted by the stomach, and trypsin, secreted by the pancreas, aid in the digestion of what group of foods?,Proteins |
|
|
Term
| What acid is secreted by the stomach to aid in digestion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the digestive secretions in the stomach? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the sphincter that controls the passage of food from the stomach into the small intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the sphincter that controls the passage of food from the esophagus into the stomach? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the skeleton composed only of the skull |
|
Definition
| vertebrae, and thorax?,Axial |
|
|
Term
| What digestive enzyme containing amylase which digests starch is secreted in the oral cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the process by which gases are exchanged in the alveoli of the lungs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone is secreted by the Islets of Langerhans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the white blood cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What part of the brain is responsible for controlling temperature regulation mechanisms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What liquid secreted by the liver emulsifies fat? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The cerebellum is most important with respect to its control over ..? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the part of a neuron that carries messages away to the nerve cell body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Endorphins are a class of chemicals that are similar in structure and effect to opiate drugs. They are produced by what gland? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the knee cap? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the shin bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the breast bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the ankle bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the canal between the pinna and the tympanic membrane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the upper jaw? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The meninges covering the brain and spinal column consist of three layers. The innermost layer is the ..? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the soft spot on top of a baby's head? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the part of a neuron that carries messages away from the nerve cell body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What term beginning with a 'B' refers to the ability to walk on two legs rather than four? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the large artery in the neck? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Their name comes from the Latin for 'little cavity' |
|
Definition
| which is appropriate because they have a radius of 0.1 millimeters. There are hundreds of millions of these small spherical structures in the body, and they have a total surface area of almost 100 square meters. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is a serious disease, which can lead to the collapse of these structures, which are surrounded by capillaries. Which term refers to the thousands of microscopic air sacs found in the lungs of a mammal?,Alveoli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Damage to this area results in a 'telegraphic' type of communication. Though Marc Dax may have identified this locus earlier |
|
Definition
| it is named after the man who studied the brains of Lelong and Leborgne. Name this part of the brain which is connected by the arcuate fasciculus to Wernicke's area, an area involved with the motor functions of speech?,Broca's area |
|
|
Term
| A longitudinal fissure divides the cerebrum into two halves called ..? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which term that begins with the letter D is used to describe the back surface of an organism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The pons connects what two areas of the brain? |
|
Definition
| Medulla oblongata and midbrain |
|
|
Term
| Muscles that straighten two bones at joints are called extensors. What is the name for muscles that cause two bones to bend at joints? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the two cranial bones on the base of the head? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the two cranial bones on the top back of the head? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the two cranial bones on the sides of the head? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the two cranial bones that make up the forehead? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name are given to the two boney ridges above the eyes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the smaller lower leg bone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the large vein in the neck? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the two lower arm bones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many bones are in the human body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The brain's reticular activating system helps maintain ..? |
|
Definition
| Wakefulness (Consciousness) |
|
|
Term
| Marsupials are distinguished by their lack of this structure |
|
Definition
| while in patients suffering from ADHD its bulk is slightly diminished. The section curving forward from the genu into the frontal lobe is called the Forceps minor, while its underside forms the roof of the lateral ventricles. Lying at the bottom of the cerebral longitudinal fissure, it is composed of more than 200 million transverse nerve fibers, and its primary function was discovered in the 1950s when experiments by Myers and Sperry indicated that, this thick band of white matter connects the two hemispheres of the brain?,Corpus callosum |
|
|
Term
| The central core of the brain includes four primary structures. Two of these are the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata. What are the other two? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the gap between neurons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name beginning with 'T' is given to the chest region of an animal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the heel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Serotonin is one kind of brain chemical that carries nerve impulses across the synapse. They alos include biogenic amines such as norepinephrine and dopamine. What is the scientific term applied to such chemicals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What structure is found in Chordates and consists of a solid rod that during development is replaced by the vertebral column? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the big toe? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the upper part of the stomach? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name are given to glands that have ducts |
|
Definition
| such as the tear glands?,Exocrine |
|
|
Term
| What is the scientific name for the lower jaw? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name are given to glands that have no ducts but empty directly into the blood stream? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Difficulties with swallowing and gag reflex can indicate damage to the lateral portion of this process |
|
Definition
| from which seven of the cranial nerves emerge. Connected by the pons to the midbrain, this constituent of the brainstem merges with the spinal cord at the foramen magnum. Identify this lowest part of the brain, a controller of autonomic nervous functions that lies anterior to and coordinates movement with the cerebellum?,Medulla oblongata |
|
|
Term
| Name the hormone that causes the active absorption of sodium ions in the nephron? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kinds of cells form new bone tissue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What structure is responsible for the synthesis of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)? |
|
Definition
| Hypothalamus (pituitary only stores it) |
|
|
Term
| What mineral's concentration is regulated by parathyroid hormone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What branch of science is used by police to provide technical information from the crime scene? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the very center of the retina which contains only cones? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What major division of the Peripheral Nervous System carries impulses to various internal organs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the chamber of the mammalian heart which pumps oxygenated blood to the general body circulation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which term that begins with the letter V refers to the finger-like projections inside the small intestine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the phospholipids sheath which surrounds an axon and serves as a sort of insulator? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most ancient part of the forebrain is the R-complex. For what does the 'R' stand? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What division of the Peripheral Nervous System carries impulses to the sense organs and muscles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Overproduction of endolymph in this organ can lead to a condition know as Meniere's disease. Here |
|
Definition
| shearing causes stereocilia to pivot at their base, which in turn causes the opening of ion channels and release of neurotransmitter. A gelatinous, spiral shaped mass, its over twenty thousand outer hair cells are rooted in the tectorial membrane. These cells amplify tiny movements of the basilar membrane of the cochlea; if the movement of this membrane is too harsh, its hair cells can die, leading to deafness. Name this organ of the inner ear where sound waves are transformed into nerve impulses?,Organ of Corti |
|
|
Term
| Name the only vein that carries oxygenated blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What name beginning with an 'A' refers to the digestive canal from the mouth to the anus |
|
Definition
| through which food passes, is digested and leaves the body as waste?,Alimentary (Canal) |
|
|
Term
| 'Ovum' is the scientific term for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The collarbone is more correctly referred to as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On what organ is the adrenal gland found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What endocrine gland is known as the 'Master Gland'? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What endocrine gland produces insulin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the two basic divisions of the autonomic nervous system? |
|
Definition
| Sympathetic and Parasympathetic |
|
|
Term
| What major body system acts as a reservoir for certain minerals such as calcium and phosphorus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In 1921 this hormone became the first to be artificially produced. Name this hormone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which part of the brain controls involuntary body functions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| which produce antibodies?,B-cells |
|
|
Term
| What organ secretes lipase |
|
Definition
| the enzyme that digests fat?,Pancreas |
|
|
Term
| Which part of the brain maintains balance and coordination of muscle movement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which human organ is found in the pericardial cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what charge does the outside of a neuron have?,Positive |
|
|
Term
| What group of muscle cells may be multinucleated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Skeletal and cardiac muscle contain a Z line with filaments extending in either direction. What proteins make up these filaments? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| It is responsible for slowing down the heartbeat |
|
Definition
| diverting blood from the muscles to the stomach and contracting the pupils of the eyes. Name this part of the autonomic nervous system?,Parasympathetic (Nervous System) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| each lung is encased in a thin membranous sac called what?,Pleura |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what charge does the outside of a neuron have?,Negative |
|
|
Term
| What substance is produced in the muscles during strenuous exercise when the blood cannot deliver enough oxygen to the muscles which must obtain energy anaerobically? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Skeletal and cardiac muscles contain a dark or A band that is composed of what protein? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Its outermost component is separated into two layers |
|
Definition
| which create the trigeminal cave of Meckel containing the ganglion of Gasser. This part lies above another membrane, which the ventricular system interacts with through the apertures of Magendie and Luschka. This part gets its name from the cobweb-like trabeculae that crisscross its space. The final, innermost part interacts, via cisterns filled with cerebrospinal fluid, with the organ that this complex protects. Composed of the dura mater, arachnoid, and pia mater, identify this connective tissue membrane that protects the brain?,Meninges |
|
|
Term
| What gland controls rate of metabolism and physical and mental development and controls calcium metabolism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| FSH, ACTH, and vasopressin?,Pituitary |
|
|
Term
| What gland produces hormones that regulate the insulin levels in the blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What gland produces hormones that promote glucose formation |
|
Definition
| that control water and salt balance, and that increase the heart rate?,Adrenal |
|
|
Term
| What hormone secreted by the thyroid gland controls calcium metabolism? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone secreted by the pituitary controls narrowing of arteries and water absorption in kidneys? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone secreted by the pituitary stimulates the contraction of uterus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone secreted by the thyroid gland controls the rate of metabolism and physical and mental development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland regulates calcium and phosphate levels in blood? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This hormone promotes the breakdown of protein and the metabolism of fat in the body. It also raises the concentration of blood sugar by promoting the breakdown of glycogen |
|
Definition
| in essence opposing the action of insulin. It is produced in two distinct forms, one of which is gastrointestinal. Name this pancreatic hormone produced in the islets of Langerhans?,Glucagon |
|
|
Term
| What sex hormone controls female secondary sex characteristics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What sex hormone controls male secondary sex characteristics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What sex hormone is important in the Embryo-mother relationship? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| located under the sternum, is important in the immune system?,Thymus |
|
|
Term
| What name is given to the process by which the eye increases optical power to maintain a clear image (focus) on the retina? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Identify the nutrient that supplies the body with energy and also helps support and cushion vital organs in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the fold of tissue stretched across the larynx that vibrates with the movement of air to make sounds? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fluid-filled inner ear structure lined with cilia that move when vibrated and is the major organ of hearing?,Cochlea |
|
|
Term
| What part of the nephron reabsorbs 75% of the water |
|
Definition
| salts, glucose, and amino acids?,Proximal Convoluted Tubule |
|
|
Term
| Discovered in 1891 by Ramón y Cajal |
|
Definition
| they are derived from ectodermal tissue with the exception of the phagocytic micro- variety. They include the astrocytes, which remove excess potassium and play a poorly-understood role in signaling, and oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, which myelinate central and peripheral nervous system axons, respectively. Name these 'glue' cells that comprise the bulk of the human nervous system where they work alongside neurons?,Glial cells (or neuroglia) |
|
|
Term
| Consisting of two characteristic components |
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Definition
| a corrin ring system and a 5,6 dimethylbenzimidazole ribonucleotide, its two major metabolic roles are intramolecular rearrangements and methyl-group transfer reactions. It is not synthesized by any plants or animals, but by only a few microorganisms. A glycoprotein known as intrinsic factor is necessary for its absorption in humans, and a deficiency of it results in pernicious anemia. The most complex of all known vitamins, it was the last B vitamin to be isolated. Name this vitamin also known as cobalamin?,B12 |
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Term
| Vitamin A contains what substance found in orange and yellow vegetables like squash |
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Definition
| carrots, and sweet potatoes that prevents night blindness?,Retinol |
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Term
| Rickets is caused by what vitamin deficiency? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| what vitamin, a powerful antioxidant, is found in vegetable oils, nuts, wheat germ and green leafy vegetables?,Vitamin E |
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Term
| What is another name for Vitamin B3 |
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Definition
| a deficiency of which causes pellagra?,Niacin |
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Term
| What is another name for Vitamin B2? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for Vitamin B1? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is another name for Vitamin B9 |
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Definition
| a vitamin found important in pregnant women to help prevent birth defects such as spina bifida?,Folic Acid |
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Term
| Scurvy may be prevented by which vitamin found in citrus fruits such as oranges? |
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Definition
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Term
| What vitamin found in dark-green vegetables such as spinach and broccoli aids in the clotting of blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many vitamins are found in humans? |
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Definition
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Term
| Vitamins are divided into two groups - one of which contains vitamins (A |
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Definition
| D, E and K) and the other group contains the B vitamins and vitamin C. What are these two groups of vitamins?,Fat-soluable and water-soluable |
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Term
| What hormone secreted by the pituitary controls narrowing of arteries and water absorption in kidneys? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone secreted by the pituitary stimulates contraction of uterus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What sex hormone is important in the embryo-mother relationship? |
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Definition
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Term
| What hormone secreted by the thyroid controls calcium metabolism? |
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Definition
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Term
| Each lung in the human body contains about 300 million of what tiny structures which facilitate the exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide in the blood? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sublingual, and submandibular glands are the three types of what glands found near the mouth?,Salivary (Gland) |
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Term
| A person's immunity to a disease results from the presence of these molecules in the bloodstream. Give the name for the small proteins in the blood that combine with foreign substances and assist in their removal from the body? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Charles Best and Frederick Banting successfully isolated what hormone from the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, making possible the treatment of diabetes?,Insulin |
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Term
| Made up of closely packed |
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Definition
| parallel bundles of white collagen fibers, give the name for the tough bands of ropelike connective tissue that join muscles to bones or cartilage?,Tendons |
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Term
| Somatotropin or human growth hormone is produced by the anterior portion of which bodily gland? |
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Definition
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Term
| When airborne chemicals stimulate receptors located on the olfactory epithelium |
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Definition
| receptor cells send signals to the brain that register as which of the five senses?,Smell |
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Term
| This body system serves in protective |
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Definition
| secretory, excretory and regulatory roles. What is the scientific name for this system which, if flattened, would be 2 square yards?,Integumentary (System) |
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Term
| What is a semifluid mass of food in the stomach called? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| energy is stored in the liver in which highly branched polymer of glucose?,Glycogen |
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Term
| Name the repeating units in the structure of hard mammalian bone through which blood vessels and nerves pass? |
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Definition
| Haversian systems or Haversian Canals |
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Term
| What name is given to the the ball of food pushed into the back of the oral cavity by the tongue and swallowed? |
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Definition
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Term
| What name is given to the cartilaginous flap that covers the trachea when food is swallowed? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| fingerlike extension on the cecum pouch of the large intestine?,Appendix |
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Term
| Identify the small vessels that convey blood from the arteries to the capillaries? |
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Definition
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Term
| Identify the small vessels that convey blood from the capillaries to the veins? |
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Definition
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Term
| Identify in correct order the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle in which blood is pumped and the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle in which the heart chambers fill with blood? |
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Definition
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Term
| The debilitation of its esterase enzyme is the method of lethal action of many nerve gases. Identify the neurotransmitter that activates muscle contraction.? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the four main lobes of the cerebrum? |
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Definition
| Frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal |
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Term
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Definition
| white outer layer of connective tissue along the globe of the eyeball?,Sclera |
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Term
| Also known as visual purple |
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Definition
| identify the visual pigment on the retina?,Rhodopsin |
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Term
| Name the three major types of bone joints? |
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Definition
| Ball-and-socket, hinge, pivot |
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Term
| Identify the bones in the wrist? |
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Definition
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Term
| Identify the bones in the hand? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| basic functional unit of muscles?,Sarcomere |
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Term
| It is generally higher for an endotherm than for an ectotherm. It averages about 1600 to 1800 kilocalories per day for adult human males |
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Definition
| and about 1300 to 1500 for adult females. Identify this term for the total amount of energy an animal uses in a unit of time when at rest, with an empty stomach, and experiencing no stress?,Basal metabolic rate |
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Term
| Sarcomeres are subunits of what bundles of muscle fibers? |
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Definition
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Term
| The foramina of Morgagni lie between two attachments of this muscle |
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Definition
| and its left crura extend downward to attach to the vertebral column. A hiatal hernia can result from a tear or weakness in it, and in bulbospinal polio, this muscle is paralyzed. The fibers that make up it are costal, sternal, and lumbar, depending on their point of origin, and when this muscle spasms, it can cause hiccups. Identify this dome-shaped abdominal muscle that is the principle muscle of respiration. ?,Diaphragm |
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Term
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Definition
| part of it becomes the bases for bilirubin, and in vertebrates, it is a tetramer of two alpha and beta chains. Containing a porphyrin ring, it has a high affinity for carbon monoxide, and if glutamic acid is replaced by valine, its sickle form is created. Broken down in the spleen, anemia is a result of an abnormally low level of it, and it is produced in bone marrow by erythrocytes. What protein contains an iron complex which is purple until it is exposed to oxygen?,Hemoglobin |
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Term
| The hilum is found with in each of these |
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Definition
| and water, alcohol, and pharmacologic agents are excreted through them. Microscopic holes in them are a symptom of its eponymous pinprick condition, and byssinosis is a disease of them. Encased in pleura, mesothelioma is a cancer of the lining of them, and the mediastinum is situated between them. Identify these structures that contain alveoli, the human organs of respiration?,Lungs |
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Term
| Identify the complex of three regulatory proteins that is integral to muscle contraction in skeletal and cardiac muscle |
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Definition
| but not smooth muscle?,Troponin |
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Term
| Its parts include the square and flat body |
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Definition
| and two each of the greater cornua and lesser cornua. The lesser cornu is small and conical, and from the medial side of its base arises the Chondroglossus. The cranial surface of the greater cornu is the origin of the Constrictor pharyngis medius. Suspended from the tips of the styloid processes of the temporal bones by ligaments, name this bone named for its 'U' shape, which serves as the anchoring structure for the tongue?,Hyoid or lingual bone |
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Term
| It is divided into a medial zone |
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Definition
| an intermediate zone, a lateral zone, and a flocculonodular zone and it contains Purkinje Cells?,Cerebellum |
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Term
| Disorders associated with their performance include Bernard-Soulier syndrome and Scott's syndrome; produced in bone marrow by budding off from megakaryocytes; old ones are destroyed by the spleen and by Kupffer cells in the liver; activated when they come in contact with exposed collagen in a blood vessel; contain alpha and dense granules? |
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Definition
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Term
| In birds they mature in the Bursa of Fabricius and in rabbits they mature in the appendix-sacculus rotundus? |
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Definition
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Term
| The artery that supplies the posterior descending artery (PDA) and the posterolateral artery (PLA) determines its dominance; 60% of the general population is classified as right-dominant? |
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Definition
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Term
| Prominent features include the Duct of Wirsung and the Uncinate process and it has Alpha and beta cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| They have three major cell types: Type I |
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Definition
| Type II, Type III; Type I cells form the structure of their wall; Type II cells produce a surfactant; Emphysema breaks down the elastin in their walls by creating an imbalance between the production of neutrophil elastase and alpha-1-antitrypsin?,Alveoli |
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Term
| It is located between the left atrium and left ventricle |
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Definition
| Mitral Valve or Bicuspid Valve |
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Term
| It is located between the right atrium and right ventricle |
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Definition
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Term
| What fundamental functional unit of much compact bone consists of concentric layers |
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Definition
| or lamellae, of compact bone tissue that surround a central canal, the Haversian canal?,Osteon |
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