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Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilized in the Calvin cycle?
a. CO2 and glucose
b. H2O and O2
c. ADP, Pi , and NADP+
d. electrons and H+
e. ATP and NADPH |
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Where does the Calvin cycle take place?
a. stroma of the chloroplast
b. thylakoid membrane
c. cytoplasm surrounding the chloroplast
d. chlorophyll molecule
e. outer membrane of the chloroplast |
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In any ecosystem, terrestrial or aquatic, what group(s) is (are) always necessary?
a. autotrophs and heterotrophs
b. producers and primary consumers
c. photosynthesizers
d. autotrophs
e. green plants |
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When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a by-product of which of the following?
a. reducing NADP+
b. splitting the water molecules
c. chemiosmosis
d. the electron transfer system of photosystem I
e. the electron transfer system of photosystem II |
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A plant has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are being absorbed by this pigment?
a. red and yellow
b. blue and violet
c. green and yellow
d. blue, green, and red
e. green, blue, and yellow |
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Figure 10.1 shows the absorption spectrum for chlorophyll a and the action spectrum for photosynthesis. Why are they different?
a. Green and yellow wavelengths inhibit the absorption of red and blue wavelengths.
b. Bright sunlight destroys photosynthetic pigments.
c. Oxygen given off during photosynthesis interferes with the absorption of light.
d. Other pigments absorb light in addition to chlorophyll a.
e. Aerobic bacteria take up oxygen which changes the measurement of the rate of photosynthesis. |
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Which of the events listed below occur in the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a. NADP is produced.
b. NADPh is reduced to NADP+ .
c. carbon dioxide is incorporated into PGA.
d. ATP is phosphorylated to yield ADP.
e. light is absorbed and funneled to reaction-center chlorophyll a. |
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Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?
a. the splitting of water
b. the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
c. the flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I
d. the synthesis of ATP
e. the reduction of NADP+ |
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What does the chemiosmotic process in chloroplasts involve?
a. establishment of a proton gradient
b. diffusion of electrons through the thylakoid membrane
c. reduction of water to produce ATP energy
d. movement of water by osmosis into the thylakoid space from the stroma
e. formation of glucose, using carbon dioxide, NADPH, and ATP |
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In a plant cell, where are the ATP synthase complexes located?
a. thylakoid membrane
b. plasma membrane
c. inner mitochondrial membrane
d. A and C
e. A, B, and C |
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Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?
a. Respiration is the reversal of the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis.
b. Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, while respiration releases it.
c. Photosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals.
d. ATP molecules are produced in photosynthesis and used up in respiration.
e. Respiration is anabolic and photosynthesis is catabolic. |
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Where are the molecules of the electron transport chain found in plant cells?
a. thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts
b. stroma of chloroplasts
c. inner membrane of mitochondria
d. matrix of mitochondria
e. cytoplasm |
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Synthesis of ATP by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during
a. photosynthesis.
b. respiration.
c. both photosynthesis and respiration.
d. neither photosynthesis nor respiration.
e. photorespiration. |
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Reduction of NADP+ occurs during
a. photosynthesis.
b. respiration.
c. both photosynthesis and respiration.
d. neither photosynthesis nor respiration.
e. photorespiration. |
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The splitting of carbon dioxide to form oxygen gas and carbon compounds occurs during
a. photosynthesis.
b. respiration.
c. both photosynthesis and respiration.
d. neither photosynthesis nor respiration.
e. photorespiration. |
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Generation of proton gradients across membranes occurs during
a. photosynthesis.
b. respiration.
c. both photosynthesis and respiration.
d. neither photosynthesis nor respiration.
e. photorespiration. |
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What is the relationship between wavelength of light and the quantity of energy per photon?
a. They have a direct, linear relationship.
b. They are inversely related.
c. They are logarithmically related.
d. They are separate phenomena.
e. They are only related in certain parts of the spectrum. |
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Which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?
a. The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the Calvin cycle, and the cycle returns ADP, Pi, and NADP+ to the light reactions.
b. The light reactions provide ATP and NADPH to the carbon fixation step of the Calvin cycle, and the cycle provides water and electrons to the light reactions.
c. The light reactions supply the Calvin cycle with CO2 to produce sugars, and the Calvin cycle supplies the light reactions with sugars to produce ATP.
d. The light reactions provide the Calvin cycle with oxygen for electron flow, and the Calvin cycle provides the light reactions with water to split.
e. There is no relationship between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle. |
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Where do the enzymatic reactions of the Calvin cycle take place?
a. stroma of the chloroplast
b. thylakoid membranes
c. outer membrane of the chloroplast
d. electron transport chain
e. thylakoid space |
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What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?
a. use ATP to release carbon dioxide
b. use NADPH to release carbon dioxide
c. split water and release oxygen
d. transport RuBP out of the chloroplast
e. synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide |
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Produces molecular oxygen ( )
a. light reactions alone
b. the Calvin cycle alone
c. both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
d. neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
e. occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. |
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Requires ATP
a. light reactions alone
b. the Calvin cycle alone
c. both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
d. neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
e. occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. |
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Definition
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Produces NADH
a. light reactions alone
b. the Calvin cycle alone
c. both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
d. neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
e. occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. |
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Definition
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Produces NADPH
a. light reactions alone
b. the Calvin cycle alone
c. both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
d. neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
e. occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. |
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Definition
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Produces three-carbon sugars
a. light reactions alone
b. the Calvin cycle alone
c. both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
d. neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
e. occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. |
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Requires CO2
a. light reactions alone
b. the Calvin cycle alone
c. both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
d. neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
e. occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. |
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Definition
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Requires glucose
a. light reactions alone
b. the Calvin cycle alone
c. both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
d. neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
e. occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis
For the following questions, compare the light reactions with the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis in plants. |
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Definition
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Requires glucose
a. light reactions alone
b. the Calvin cycle alone
c. both the light reactions and the Calvin cycle
d. neither the light reactions nor the Calvin cycle
e. occurs in the chloroplast but is not part of photosynthesis |
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Which of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of electrons during photosynthesis?
a. NADPH → O2 → CO2
b. H2O → NADPH → Calvin cycle
c. NADPH → chlorophyll → Calvin cycle
d. H2O → photosystem I → photosystem II
e. NADPH → electron transport chain → O2 |
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In mechanism, photophosphorylation is most similar to
a. substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis.
b. oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration.
c. the Calvin cycle.
d. carbon fixation.
e. reduction of NADP+ . |
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Which of the following statements is a correct distinction between autotrophs and heterotrophs?
a. Only heterotrophs require chemical compounds from the environment.
b. Cellular respiration is unique to heterotrophs.
c. Only heterotrophs have mitochondria.
d. Autotrophs, but not heterotrophs, can nourish themselves beginning with CO2 and other nutrients that are inorganic.
e. Only heterotrophs require oxygen. |
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Which of the following does not occur during the Calvin cycle?
a. carbon fixation
b. oxidation of NADPH
c. release of oxygen
d. regeneration of the CO2 acceptor
e. consumption of ATP |
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