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| Typically the aperature size. A large aperature allows more light to reach the sensor of a digital camera, allowing for a faster shutter speed. |
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| This refers to the hole through the lens that allows light to travel to the camera sensor. Typically the aperture is controllable by stepping down the lens. This means that one can turn/dial down the aperture ring on a lens to allow less light to reach the sensor. Measured in fstops |
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Also known as focal range.
Lenses are marked with a series of numbers along the aperture dial. These numbers refer to the fstop. The numbers indicate the amount of light allowed to pass through the lens barrel to the sensor. f2.8, f4, f5.6, f8 etc. The higher the number, the less light.
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| A telephoto is a lens that brings objects that are distant closer. They work much like a telescope or binoculars. Anything above 50mm is considered a telephoto lens , but most commonly lenses in the 100mm to 300mm range fit this description. |
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| Super Telephoto lenses typically range from 400mm and above and used most commonly for professional sports and wildlife photography |
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| A prime lens is any lens that only consists of a single focal length. 50mm, 100mm, etc. |
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A zoom lens is any lens that ranges from one focal length to another.
18-105mm, 18-200mm etc. |
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| A macro/micro lens enables small objects to be photographed at close range. Typically a macro/micro lens will focus 1:2 life size. The object photographed will appear half the size it acutally was . A professional macro/micro lense will focus to 1:1 or full life size. The most common macro/micro range is 50mm to 105mm. |
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| Wide Angle lenses allow for a wider field of view. Any focal length below 50mm is considered wide angle, however modern wide angle photography typically begins at 28mm or wider. |
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| Fisheye lenses have an extremely wide angle of view, typically with large amounts of distortion and have limited use. |
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| Sharpness is the resolving power of a lens and the amount of fine detail the lens is able to clearly expose. |
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| A sensor is the electronic device that actually records the image as opposed to film. |
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| CCD is a charged coupled device, a type of sensor. |
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| Complimentry metal oxide semiconductor, another type of sensor. It is considered to handle noise slightly better. |
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| This refers to a digital sensor that is equal to a 35mm film plane. |
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| This refers to the digital interference in an image at maximum resolution. Similar to the grain in film. The less noise in an image, the higher quality. Higher ISO settings typically include more noise in an image. |
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| Refers to how fast the shutter actuates. |
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| Term for on or off camera flash units |
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| This is artifical lighting. Built in to a camera or attached via a hotshoe. |
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| This is the part of the camera that opens and closes to allow light to reach the sensor. A faster shutter speed produces sharper images. Slower shutter speed captures speed or movement. |
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| This setting is manipulated per the type of lighting that is being shot in. Common white settings are sun, cloudy, flash and florescent. |
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| A series of pictures taken at different exposures |
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| The shutter remains open as long as the shutter release button remains fully depressed. |
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| Exposure combination consisting of flash and available light to produce pleasing mix of the two. |
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| International Standard Organization, an assigned ISO number represents the film's sensitivity to light. A higher ISO number indicates the film is more sensitive and requires less light for a proper exposure. |
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| The range of acceptable sharp focus in front and behind the distance the lens is focused on. |
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| A guideline rule that you can expose a normal scene, lit by bright sunlight at an aperture of f16 and a shutter speed equivalent to the film speed(ISO) being used. |
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| Through The Lens, used when refering to metering through the lens as opposed to a seperate meter. |
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| The variance from proper exposure which will still provide acceptable results. |
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| From the Greek word meaning painting or writing with light |
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| Image degradation caused by stray light which passes through the lens but is not focused to form the primary image. |
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| Light striking a sensitized material (film or paper emulsion. |
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| Exposure Value; A number that represents available combinations of shutter speed and aperture offering the same exposure effect when scene brightness remains the same. Each EV number can be applied to various shutter speed combinations. |
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| Modifying the shutter speed and/or lens aperture recommended by the camera's light meter in order to produce special creative effects or to meet special requirements. |
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| A word with many meanings. In digital imaging, it most often refers to the number of pixels per inch in an image file. It can also refer to printer resolution, digital CCD resolution, etc. In traditional photography it refers to the ability of a lens or photographic material to produce small details and is measured in lines per millimeter. |
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| Single Lens Reflex, a camera with one lens that involves a mirrror and prisms that the viewer looks through (as opposed to a point and shoot or rangefinder where the viewer looks through a seperate viewfinder). |
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| The Rule of Thirds is a compositional rule of thumb. The rule states that an image should be imagined as divided into nine equal parts by two equally-spaced horizontal lines and two equally-spaced vertical lines, and that important compositional elements should be placed along these lines or their intersections. |
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