Phonetics

• Something measurable (waveforms, etc.).
• Real; articulatory gestures and acoustic events.
• Segmental (looks at segments)

Phonology

Metalinguistics

• Talking about language.
• We are metalinguistically aware because we have writing system that allows us to analyze language.
• Bilinguals are more able to think metalinguistically because they have exposure to two languages & their systems.

Ferdinand Saussure

• 19th Century (popularized linguistics)
• Concepts: signifier/signified dichotomy = sign

Sign

• Each sign has one signifier & one signified
• Two signs can have/share one signifier or one signified, but not both.
• Example: "Bank" has two signified

Lexicon (Mental Lexicon)

• Generally located in Broca's area
• Has phonological forms
• Vary by word, part of word, context (speed, pronunciation, isolation, etc.)
• Underlying form & "Occam's 14th Century Razor"
• **Entities must not be multiplied beyond necessity
• **Notion of elegance vs. unnecessary clutter
• Interconnected in terms of meaning (syntax?) & phonology
• ** Example: "Bug"; Gating experiments
• Lexical Decision Tasks (Lexical Priming)