Term
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Definition
Phonetics: production of speech sounds by humans.
Phonology: patterns of sounds, particularly patterns different languages, within each language, different patterns of sounds in different positions in words etc. |
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Term
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Definition
Phone: 'unit sound' of a language that we produce.
Phoneme: 'distinctive unit sounds', not pronounceable but an abstract segment. |
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Definition
| Frequency of the lowest component of the sound, determined by vocal fold vibration. |
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Definition
| Any whole number multiple of the Fundamental Frequency. |
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Term
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Definition
Perceptual correlate of frequency.
[Double frequency, raise pitch by one octave] |
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Term
| Periodic vs. Aperiodic Waveform |
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Definition
Periodic: Follows a set pattern
Aperiodic: No pattern |
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Definition
| The amount of variation in air pressure from normal. |
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Definition
| Derived from energy input, combination of frequency and amplitude. |
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Definition
| Perceptual correlate of intensity. |
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Definition
| One system set in motion by vibrations of another. |
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Definition
| The natural frequency that a body will vibrate at. |
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Definition
| The driven force is struck, then the driving force is removed, allowing the driven force to vibrate freely. |
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Definition
| The driving force remains on the driven force, forcing it to continue vibrating. |
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Definition
| The actual object resonating is itself set into motion. |
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Term
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Definition
| A space filled with air is set into vibration. |
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Definition
| Description of its composition of frequencies and relative amplitudes. |
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Definition
| Most acoustic energy, F1 and F2 most important for vowels. |
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Term
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Definition
| Analysis of sound by its characteristics of frequency and amplitude. |
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Term
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Definition
Picture produced by sound spectography.
Time: horizontal axis
Frequency: vertical axis
Intensity: darkness of marking |
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Term
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Definition
| Velum closing off the nasal cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Physical properties of sound waves. |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| Resonance in oral and nasal cavity, but oral cavity is closed. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Set way to pronounce vowels across English dialects. |
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Term
| Syllable/Stress-timed Language |
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Definition
Syllable: equal number of syllables between each two stressed syllable
Stress: equal amount of time between each two stressed syllables irrespective of number of syllables |
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Term
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Definition
| Suprasegmental feature (pitch change) across speech |
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Term
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Definition
| Tone is used contrastively. I.e. Mandarin: ma^, ma* = different meanings. |
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Term
| Velaric Airstream Mechanism |
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Definition
| Body of air in the mouth moves. |
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Term
| Glottalic Airstream Mechanism |
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Definition
| Body of air at glottis that can be egressive or ingressive, produced by a glottal stop. |
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Term
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Definition
| Onset of 'voiced-ness' of a vowel after a consonant. |
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Term
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Definition
| Characteristic phonetic features. |
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Term
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Definition
| Linguistic variety distinguishable by linguistic features(vocab, phonology, morphosyntax). |
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