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Philosophy Vocab Terms
Vocab for finals
23
Philosophy
Undergraduate 1
04/28/2008

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Cards

Term
What are the two requirements for for Occam's Razot?
Definition

1. entities should not be multiplied unnecessarily

 

2. prefer simpler explainations to more complicated ones 

Term
What are Heuristics?
Definition

simplifying "rules of thumb"

the smaller the sample size the further away from the average 

Term
What is anchoring heuristics?
Definition
people adjust initial thoughts based on random data
Term
What are availability heuristics?
Definition
media or biased knowledge skew opinions
Term
What is a Teleological Argument?
Definition
arguments for Gods existence because things in nature look desgined
Term
What does a posterior mean?
Definition
from data we can experience
Term
What is 'a priori' mean?
Definition
not requiring experience
Term
What does it mean to regress?
Definition
to go back in consideration
Term
What is libertarian free will?
Definition
free will that contradicts determination
Term
What does 'conpatibilist' mean?
Definition
free will is compatable with determinism
Term
What does 'prima facie' mean?
Definition
"at first glance"
Term

What is natural property?

(also called moral property) 

Definition
simple form of moral arugment that includes a promise
Term
What does it mean to be imprudent?
Definition

poor decisions that don't take away anyone's rights

 

foolish to put yourself in that situation

Term
What does it mean to be unjust?
Definition

taking away another's rights

Term
What is equivocation?
Definition
when a term is used in two different ways
Term
What is metethics?
Definition

nature of moral judgment or facts

Term
What is utilitarianism?
Definition
the right actions create the greatest good for people or the largest number of people
Term
What is the difference between charitable and uncharitable?
Definition
Charitable is twisting the argument to make it better, while uncharitable is twisting to make the argument stupid (neil's words not mine!!)
Term
What is altruism?
Definition
concerned with all others
Term
What is self-interested?
Definition
concerned with yourself only
Term
What is consequentialist?
Definition
concerned with everyone including self
Term
What is simple subjuctivism?
Definition
when a person says that something is morally good or bad, meaning that they approve or disprove of it
Term
What is normative ethics?
Definition
what is right/wrong and good/bad
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