Term
|
Definition
| In addition to the physical/material body, there is an immaterial mind |
|
|
Term
| Physicalism (materialism) |
|
Definition
| Mind and body are both entirely physical |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The mind is an immaterial substance, a thing that can (logically possibly) exist by itself
Afterlife: Allows for possibility of immaterial afterlife (as natural consequence of bodily death) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Certain mental phenomena (states, events, etc.) are immaterial properties of some material thing
Afterlife: Allows for afterlife only if God intervenes, and gives us a new body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Physicalism:
"The mind is the brain”
Pain is C-fiber firing, or brain state #71325, or whatever we discover it to be. Discovery is scientific, not a fact about meaning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Physicalism:
“The mind is what the brain does for a living”
Mental states are functional states of a complex system. Pain is any state that plays a certain casual role. Pain is produced by kicks and shocks, leads to fear, aversion, pain, etc. A creature without C-fibers could have pain, so long as it has states that play that role. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dualism:
Mental causes have physical effects and vice versa.
For example, in written notes; hit podium, causes pain in mind, pain in mind causes me to say “Owwww” |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Physical causes have mental effects, but not vice versa.
For example, in written notes; 1st material ball can hit 2nd material ball and first immaterial ball; immaterial balls have nothing to do with material balls. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Neither physical-to-mental nor mental-to-physical causes.
For example, material ball hit material ball; then separately, immaterial ball hits immaterial ball only. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
If A= (is identical with) B, then A cannot have any properties that B lacks.
For example, if Muhammad Ali is Cassius Clay; then I am absolutely certain of having certain conscious states. I am not absolutely certain of having certain brain states. Therefore, these conscious states are not identical with these brain states |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of knowledge which is derived without experience or observation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of knowledge which is derived from experience or observation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
I am my soul
X and Y are the same person if X has (is) the same soul as Y |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
I am my body
X and Y are the same person if and only if X has (is) the same body as Y |
|
|
Term
| Psychological Continuity Theory |
|
Definition
I am an ongoing process
X and Y are the same person if and only if the psychological states of X are appropriately linked to psychological states of Y |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Strictly speaking, persons don’t endure over time; we attribute a fictional identity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Underlying subject of experiences: a substance in the technical sense. (usually immaterial substance) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Collection of mental events; there is (in a sense) no self |
|
|
Term
| Teletransportation (Willy Wonka) |
|
Definition
Person is disassembled and reassembled elsewhere:
MATTER IS TRANSFERRED |
|
|
Term
| Teletransportation (Star Trek) |
|
Definition
Person is disassembled and reassembled elsewhere:
ONLY INFORMATION IS TRANSFERRED |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The view that God does not exist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| No view about whether God exists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| It is acceptable/rational to believe in God on the basis of faith alone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One whose existence is explained by something else |
|
|
Term
| Independent (self-existing) being |
|
Definition
| One whose existence is explained by it's own nature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One whose existence has no explanation |
|
|
Term
| Principle of Sufficient Reason |
|
Definition
| There is a sufficient reason (an explanation) for everything: there are no brute facts (science assumes there are no brute facts and everything can be explained) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "A Dialogue of Personal Identity and Immortality" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"I am a sequence of causally connected experiences"
Developed the Psychological Continuity Theory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Developed the Ontological Argument |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
"Existence is not a predicate"
Developed Kant's Objection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Causes can't go back infinitely; there must be a "First Mover" or "First Cause"
(Domino Effect)
*Cosmological Argument* |
|
|
Term
| William K. Clifford on Fideism |
|
Definition
Evidentialist
"It is wrong always, everywhere, and for everyone, and for anyone, to believe anything upon insufficient evidence"
It is morally wrong-"a sin against mankind"-to believe on the basis of faith alone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Father of modern psychology
Thediest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Better to believe in God and be wrong than not believe in God and be wrong" |
|
|
