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Philosophy 1021
Exam One
27
Philosophy
Undergraduate 1
10/06/2009

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Term
COMPOUND STATEMENT
Definition
WHEN A STATEMENT IS MADE OF TWO OR MORE STATEMENTS
Term
VALID
Definition
IF THE PREMISES ARE TRUE, THE CONCLUSION MUST BE TRUE.
Term
CONJUNCTION
Definition
WHEN TWO SIMPLE STATEMENTS ARE CONNECTED BY "AND"
Term
SOUND
Definition
WHEN ALL THE PREMISES ARE TRUE, AND THE ARGUMENT IS VALID.
Term
SIMPLE STATEMENT
Definition
A STATEMENT THAT DOES NOT CONTAIN ANY OTHER STATEMENT AS A COMPONENT.
Term
CONJUNCTS
Definition
THE PARTS THAT MAKE UP A COMPOUND STATEMENT.
Term
TRUTH VALUE
Definition
THE TRUTH OR FALSIT OF A STATEMENT.
Term
CONTINGENT
Definition
STATEMENT FORM THAT HAS SOME FALSE AND SOME TRUE SUBSTITUTION INSTANCES.
Term
IF AN ARGUMENT IS VALID AND ITS CONCLUSION IS FALSE, NOT ALL OF ITS PREMISES ARE ________.
Definition
TRUE
Term
TRUTH AND FALSITY ARE ATTRIBUTES OF _______ WHILE VALIDITY AND INVALIDITY ARE ATTRIBUTES OF _______.
Definition
INDIVIDUAL STATEMENTS; ARGUMENTS
Term
IF AN ARGUMENT IS VALID AND ITS PREMISES ARE TRUE, ITS CONCLUSION IS ________.
Definition
TRUE
Term
ANTECEDENT
Definition
IN A HYPOTHETICAL PROPOSITION (IF...THEN) THE COMPONENT THAT FOLLOWS "IF"
Term
CONSEQUENT
Definition
IN A HYPOTHETICAL PROPOSITION (IF...THEN) THE COMPONENT THAT FOLLOWS "THEN"
Term
BICONDITIONAL
Definition
A COMPOUND STATEMENT OR PROPOSITION THAT ASSERTS THAT ITS 2 COMPONENT STATEMENTS HAVE THE SAME TRUTH VALUE AND ARE MATERIALLY EQUIVALENT.
Term
TAUTOLOGY
Definition

STATEMENT FORM WHOSE SUBSTITUTION INSTANCES MUST BE TRUE.

EX: (PVP) (P*P)

Term
CONTRADICTION
Definition
STATEMENT FORM THAT CAN NOT HAVE ANY TRUE SUBSTITUTION INSTANCES
Term
DEDUCTIVE ARGUMENT
Definition
WHEN AN ARGUMENT MAKES A CLAIM THAT ITS CONCLUSIOIN IS SUPPORTED BY ITS PREMISES WITH ABSOLUTE NECESSITY.
Term
INDUCTIVE ARGUMENT
Definition
WHEN AN ARGUMENT CLAIMS THAT ITS CONCLUSION IS SUPPORTED BY ITS PREMISE ONLY WITH PROBABILITY
Term
INCLUSIVE DISJUNCTION
Definition
A COMPOUND STATEMENT CONNECTED BY "OR" AND BOTH MAY BE TRUE
Term
MATERIAL IMPLICATION
Definition
AN "IF...THEN" STATEMENT
Term
MATERIAL EQUIVALENCE
Definition

WHEN TWO STATEMENTS HAVE THE SAME TRUTH VALUE

SYMBOLIZED BY TRIPLE BAR

Term
STATEMENT FORM
Definition
EX : P*Q
Term
TRUTH-FUNCTIONAL COMPOUND STATEMENT
Definition
A COMPOUND STATEMENT WHOSE TRUTH VALUE IS DETERMINED WHOLLEY BY THE TRUTH VALUES OF ITS COMPONENTS
Term
SPECIFIC ARGUMENT FORM
Definition
ARGUMENT FORM WHERE ARGUMENT RESULTS WHEN A DIFFERENT SIMPLE STATEMENT IS SUBSTITUTED FOR EACH DIFFERENT STATEMENT VARIABLE IN THAT FORM.
Term
TRUTH-FUNCTIONAL COMPONENT
Definition
ANY COMPONENTS OF A COMPOUND THAT WHEN REPLACED WOULD LEAVE THE TRUTH VALUE OF THE COMPOUND STATEMENT UNCHANGED.
Term
EXCLUSIVE DISJUNCTION
Definition
A COMPOUND STATEMENT CONNECTED BY "OR" WHERE ONE STATEMENT IS TRUE WHILE THE OTHER IS FALSE.
Term
STATEMENT VARIABLE
Definition
A LETTER SUCH AS P, Q, R, ...THAT CAN TAKE THE PLACE AND SYMBOLIZE A STATEMENT.
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