Term
| First misconception about philosophy: |
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Definition
| People think Philosophers “create” these complicated questions that they’re searching for the answers to. Philosophers do consider and discuss large and intractable questions that are difficult to investigate and even harder to answer. But philosophers do not cause such questions to exist or make them up. |
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| Second misconception about philosophy: |
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Definition
| The second major misconception about Philosophy is that all it is
concerned with are questions of the ‘large and intractable’ type. Philosophers also ask questions about current moral issues and healthcare issues. |
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Term
| Philosophy with a capital P: |
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Definition
| Talking about it in a formal setting, talking about important Philosophers, questioning their ideas, etc. |
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| philosophy with a lowercase p: |
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Definition
| Talking about it in everyday life, very generalized way to speak about it |
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Definition
| Using it to question, like why does 2+2=4? |
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Term
| Two paradoxes associated with aims of philosophical activity: |
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Definition
| Philosophers search for the truth, but this is a paradox because all their search does is lead them to even more questions and while Philosophy leads Philosophers to a greater understanding of the world, it also puzzles them and confuses them leading to even more questions. |
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Term
| How are the two paradoxes connected? |
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Definition
| The two are connected in that philosophers search for truth and understanding yet their search leads them to more questions and confusion. |
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Definition
| Some methods of philosophy include asking the “big questions”, like “what is life?” and searching for meaning while other methods include asking more current and relevant questions about things such as healthcare and public policy. |
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Definition
| A reason/a rationality- the mental capacity to understand how things make sense |
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| To reason/reasoning- to accept the scrutiny and apply it |
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Definition
| To be reasonable/rationable- to care what the evidence is and to keep it open to scrutiny |
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Term
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Definition
| means holding your opinion despite evidence proving otherwise |
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| describes someone who holds their opinion despite evidence proving otherwise |
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Definition
| supports the point in arguments |
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| attempts to answer specific questions in a rational manner through a deliberate appeal to evidence. Arguments must always have a point and evidence. |
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Definition
| Persuasive and Convincing |
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Definition
| Persuasion is used when a point is not very valid. For example, your parents probably need to persuade you(talk you into) cleaning your room or emptying the dishwasher usually by offering allowance. You still don’t see why emptying the dishwasher is necessary, but you’re doing it because your parents say so. They may also be trying to emphasize something in particular, while hiding something else from view. |
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Term
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Definition
| Convincing someone to do something means you help someone see where you’re coming from and help them understand why they should do something or why something should be done by using logical evidence to prove a point. For example, your parents can convince you that eating vegetables are necessary because of health reasons, which is true. Instead of offering you allowance to eat vegetables, they’re offering you advice. |
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Term
| The three main branches in Western Philosophy |
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Definition
| Metaphysics, epistemology, aesthetics, ethics |
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| The three major recent traditions in Western Philosophy |
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Definition
| Analytic philosophy, continental philosophy, american philosophy |
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Definition
| the branch of philosophy that focuses mainly on questions about existence and being |
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| the branch of philosophy that focuses on questions that are concerned with knowledge claims |
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| the branch of philosophy concerned with beauty and art |
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| the branch of philosophy that considers questions about the goodness of our aims, sometimes called “ends,” and the rightness of our conduct, often called “means.” |
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Definition
| the tradition that is associated with developments in the application of logic to studies of mathematics and language and in particular with the attempt of Bertrand Russell and others to show that all mathematics reduces to basic principles of logic. Analytic Philosophers have tended to highly value the subject matter and forms of inquiry familiar to the sciences, including empirical observation and the application of rational, logical analysis to the results of hypothetical ‘testing.’ |
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Definition
| the tradition that has become known as the main body. Continental Philosophers are concerned with traditional problems and questions, and with the works of Philosophers discussed and valued over the history of the discipline. |
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Definition
| the tradition that is strongly influenced by developments in the sciences, especially Psychology. American Philosophy is more Analytic than Continental in its tendency to value empirical and scientific methods. |
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Term
| Hierarchies of class and sex in Flatland society(from worst to best) |
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Definition
| Women, soldiers, isosceles triangles, equilateral triangles, squares, pentagons, etc |
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