Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Philosophers & Theories
n/a
15
Philosophy
Undergraduate 1
10/12/2010

Additional Philosophy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Plato
Definition

immortal soul

 

soul is immortal

Term
St. Augustine
Definition

soul & self

 

soul is self

soul is transcendent

body is cage

Christianity

Term
Rene Descartes
Definition

dualistic self

 

both soul and body = self

Term
John Locke
Definition

conscious self

 

our consciousness is us

Term
David Hume
Definition

no self

 

self is not real

rather, "self" is composed of perceptions & ideas

Term
Immanuel Kant
Definition

unity of consciousness

 

our self organizes our perceptions

Term
Sigmund Freud
Definition

three selves, unconscious self

 

conscious --> aware of

preconscious --> we can bring to awareness easily

unconscious --> we can bring to awareness with great difficulty

Term
Gilbert Ryle
Definition

behaviorism

 

self is defined by behaviors

Term
Paul Churchland
Definition

materialism

 

the self is reducible to the brain

mind = brain

Term
Baron d'Holbach
Definition

determinism

 

every event, including human actions, is brought about by previous events in accordance with universal causal laws that govern the world

Term
A.J. Ayer
Definition

compatibilism

 

all events, including human actions, are caused; can be free if they are the result of internal rather than external causes

Term
William James
Definition

indeterminism

 

at least some human actions are not determined by previous events in accordance with universal causal laws (could be random or free)

Term
Jean-Paul Sartre
Definition

free will

 

existentialism -- our existence precedes our essence (we create ourselves through our free choices), libertarianism, belief in free will

Term
Platonic Forms
Definition

Form - the structure or essence of a thing as contrasted with its matter

 

Forms do not exist in the physical world; only instances or examples of the Form do

Term
Aristotle's Reality
Definition
reality is natural, what applies to us now, based on scientific observation and analysis; anything that "ought to be" does not make our natural reality any less real
Supporting users have an ad free experience!