Term
| What are the rights to ensure safe drug administration? |
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Definition
| Right patient, right drug, right dose, right route, right time, right charting |
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Term
| What do you as nurse need to do to ensure safe drug administration? |
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Definition
| Sleep well (deprivation can cause big problems), pay attention, avoid fatigue, know your stuff (have to look up meeds, study patient's existing medical conditions, watch mult meds), stick to procedure, double check drug, write clearly, avoid abbreviations |
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Term
| What does a patient need to know to take a medication safely? |
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Definition
| What they're taking and why, when to take it, how to store it, what OTCs to avoid, what symptoms to watch for and what to do about it, warnings about discontinuing meds too early |
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Term
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Definition
| National Center of Complementary and Alternative Medicine; Lead agency for scientific research to explore and apply scientific rigor to the evaluation of therapies and to train researches and disseminate information (division of the national institutes of health) |
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Term
| What is considered to be complementary and alternative medicine? |
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Definition
| Group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that aren't presently considered to be part of conventional medicine |
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Term
| Define complementary medicine |
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Definition
| use with traditional approach; example: aroma therapy w/meds |
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Term
| Describe alternative therapy. |
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Definition
| used in place of conventional approach; more oriental Eastern based on aged therapies |
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Term
| What are the 5 categories of alternative therapy? |
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Definition
| Alternative medical systems, mind body interventions, biological based therapies, manipulative and body based, energy therapies |
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Term
| Describe alternative medical systems |
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Definition
| been found in ancient systems; basis for finding effective ingredient |
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Term
| Describe Mind Body interventions. |
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Definition
| something where mind heals body (prayers, meditation) |
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Term
| Describe biological based therapies. |
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Definition
| dietary supplements (vitamins etc) chiropractic |
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Term
| Describe manipulative and body based therapy. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe energy therapies. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe energy therapies. |
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Definition
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Term
| What %s of adults and %s of children use forms of CAM? |
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Definition
| 38% adults and 12% children |
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Term
| Describe those who are more likely to use CAM (gender, education, income) |
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Definition
| women, more educated, higher income |
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Term
| What are the 10 most common CAMs? |
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Definition
| Natural products, deep breathing, meditation, chiropractic, massage, yoga, diet based, relaxation, imagery, homeopathic |
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Term
| What are the top natural products? |
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Definition
| fish oil, glucosamine, echinacea, flax seed, ginseng, ginko, chondroitin, garlic, co-enzyme 10 |
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Term
| what are the top health conditions treated with CAMs? |
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Definition
| (chronic) back pain, neck pain, joint pain, headaches, arthritis, anxiety, cholesterol, insomnia, mild upper resp. illness |
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Term
| What are the common reasons behind using CAM? |
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Definition
| improve health, interesting to try, conventional would not help, professional suggested, conventional too expensive |
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Term
| Describe the regulation of dietary supplements. |
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Definition
| Not under FDA reg. in the making but once marketed, FDA can keep data and pull product if found harmful; FDA mandates they inform consumers of this on commercials GMP (good manufact. practices) |
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Term
| What factors affect herbal produces? |
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Definition
| Season harvested, soil type and fertilizer, time of day harvested, how processed, incidental ingredients added (may not be known to manufacturer) |
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Term
| What are some assumptions consumers have about CAMs? |
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Definition
| natural products are safe b/c they're natural; if it doesn't help, it won't hurt either' if no precautions on bottles, no risks; if on shelf, there's no recall or danger |
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Term
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Definition
| taken for cholesterol; research level A; good evidence that lowers cholesterol, lower risk of heart attack and stroke; MOA: omega-3 fatty acids (EPA & DHA) lower LDLs & triglycerides (may reduce inflamm. of vessels); Adverse: make belch "fishy" taste; looser stools |
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Term
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Definition
| increasing bleeding tendencies in higher doses, if people are taking anticoagulants then take this, they'll find more bruises, GI upset, drug interactions; FDA: 3g per day but can be increased w/HP supervision |
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Term
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Definition
| research level A or B for arthritis!; Use: relieve pain secondary to osteoarthritis; MOA: natural component of proteoglycans (joint substance) so helps form cartilage, helps lubricate joints, keeps healthy; Adverse: mild GI upset, V/D, indigestion, not much drug interactions; FDA: around 500 mg/day |
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Term
| Cautions with Glucosamine |
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Definition
| made from shells of shrimp and crabs so caution allergic patients; Gate trial (over 1000 trial) didn't help with mild pain but helped with moderate pain |
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Term
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Definition
| research level C (no clear evidence) from flower; Use: immune stimulant against mild reps. infections; MOA: stimulates phagocytosis, releases chem. messengers to stimulate macrophage activity; adverse: stomach discomfort, sore throat, rash drowsiness headache, rarely: hepatitis, kidney failure |
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Term
| Cautions with Echinacea and dosage |
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Definition
| increase allergy possible in those w/allergies (500-1000 mg 3x a day common dose) |
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Term
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Definition
| Research level B as a laxative; Use: laxative but used for cholesterol, breast cancer, lower blood sugar; MOA: plant based omega-3 fatty acid (ALA) isn't as as active on cholesterol but acts on estrogen levels; Adverse: usually taken well; unripe= poison, diarrhea, nausea |
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Term
| Cautions of Flaxseed and dosage |
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Definition
| can cause bowel obstruction if they have constipation, must be taken w/large water intake; must decrease drug effect, may increase risk of prostate cancer; dosage: 1 tbl w/liquid up to 3x day |
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Term
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Definition
| B level research; Use: lower blood sugar (diabetes), immune stimulation, some effect on heart condition, general well being; MOA: ginsenosides (antioxidant effect) inhibit platelet aggregation, heighten immune activity, incr. interferon product. might have estrogen activity; Dosage: 100-200 mg day |
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Term
| Adverse and Cautions of Ginseng |
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Definition
| anxiety, headache, elevate. BP, lower BS, might cause insomnia and irritability; Cautions: contraindicated w/ surgery b/c platelet aggress., breast cancer (estrogen), elevated BP is problem; not enough info with kids |
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