Anti-Psychotic Drugs

Standard, 1st Generation

Include the phenothiazines, thioxanthenes, butyrophenones. Tey are strong antagonists of teh D2 receptors for Dopamine. Blocking Dopamine reduces the symptoms of schizophrenia such as delusions & hallucinations.

Major Side Effects: motor disturbances including Parkinsonism, akinesia, akathisia, dyskinesia, and tardive dyskinesia. Muscarinic receptor blockage effects such as blurred vision, dry mouth, constipation, and urinary hesitancy. Orthostatic hypotension, ejaculatory failure. Sedation and substantial weight gain.

atypical

antipsychotics

These cause few to no extrapyramidal symptoms. Target both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

atypical antipsychotic

clozapine

(Clozaril, Leponex)

Clozapine is an antipsychotic medication used in the treatment of schizophrenia. The first of the atypical antipsychotics to be developed

May induce agranulocytosis, so frequent white blood cell (WBC) counts are required at least weekly. Myocarditis. May induce seizures in small portion of the population.

Common Side Effects: drowsiness, hypersalivation, tachycardia, and dizziness.

atypical antipsychotic

risperidone

Risperidone (pronounced Ris-PEAR-rǐ-dōne) is an atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia (including adolescent schizophrenia), the mixed and manic states associated with bipolar disorder, and irritability in children with autism.

Common side effects include severe anxiety, akathisia, sedation, dysphoria, insomnia, sexual dysfunction, low blood pressure, muscle stiffness, muscle pain, tremors, increased salivation, and stuffy nose. Risperidone has been associated with minimal to moderate weight gain, with one study finding that 26 to 38 percent of participants on the drug experienced weight gain. It also is known to cause strange dreams, often with ghastly "sword and sorcery" type fantasy themes

atypical antipsychotic

quetiapine

( Ketipinor)

Quetiapine (pronounced /kwɨˈtaɪ.əpiːn/ kwi-TYE-ə-peen), marketed by AstraZeneca as Seroquel and by Orion Pharma as Ketipinor, is an atypical antipsychotic used in the management of schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder and OCD, and used off-label for a variety of other purposes, including insomnia and anxiety disorders.

Common side effects include sedation, weight gain, constipation, headache and dry mouth. Six to seven percent of patients may experience tachycardia. Less common side effects (less than 1% of patients) include abnormal liver tests, dizziness, upset stomach, substantial weight gain, a stuffy nose, akathisia and increased paranoia.