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Definition
Mechanism: Unknown: May inhibit nitric oxide pathway
Uses:pain, fever |
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Definition
| Mechanism:Nicotinic and Musc agonist |
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Definition
Mech:b-2 agonist
Uses:Bronchodilation: Asthma/COPD
Side effects come from ↑ sympathetic response |
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Definition
Mech: competitivley inhibits for binding to alcohol dehydrogenase
↑ alcohol use causes ↑ liver enzymes, may take ↑ dose of drug to see effect.
Uses:used in treatment of ethylene glycol poisoning, fun too |
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Definition
Mech: blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine. It keeps dopamine in the synaptic cleft by1) inducing its release from the nerve terminal 2)binding to monoamine oxidase to prevent the degradation and 3) by binding to the reuptake transporter to reverse its action.
Uses:ADHD, narcolepsy |
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Definition
Mech: Inhibits the production of prostaglandins
Reduces inflammation, prevents clotting, reduce fever
Uses:pain, fever
Preventative for MI,
Side effects: GI problems (ulcer), and reyes syndrome. |
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Definition
Mech: ACH receptor antagonist
Competitive muscarinic antagonist
Uses:Bradycardia, Nerve agent antidote, Pediatric aneasthesia (dry secretions), Asthma/COPD |
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Definition
Mech:Cholinergic agonist
Stimulates Muscarinic receptors, M3 specifically
Uses:Urinary retention and chronic GERD
Causes stomach to empty faster. Affects smooth muscle, ↑ secretions. |
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Definition
Mech: arkinson's is related to a depletion of dopamine, but dopamine cannot be given as a treatment because it does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Levadopa is a precursor of dopamine and does cross the blood-brain barrier.
Inhibits metabolism of Dopamine
Uses:Given with levadopa for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Carbadopa inhibits aromatic amino acid decarboxylation. Levadopa is an aromatic amino acid. Reduces nausea. |
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Term
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Definition
Mech:bacteriostatic-interferes in protein synthesis
Can cross BBB
uses:serious occular infections, like conjunctivitis
Drug of choice for meningitis for people with cillin or sporin sensitivities. |
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Definition
Mech: a-2 agonist
Autoreceptor. Causes neg feedback on neurons to fool them into thinking there is too much NT. Indirectly ↓ sympathetic.
Uses:Hypertension
Also used for easing withdrawl from drugs, alcohol, nicotine due to ↓ sympathetic stimulus. |
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Definition
Mech: Binds to the dopamine reuptake transporter and in so doing keeps dopamine from being removed and broken down. The increased activation leads to the "high".
Can also block Na+ channels and reduce APs which is helpful as local anesthetic.
Uses:Topical anesthesia of mucous membranes |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: An opiod agonist
Prodrug-metabolizes to morphine
Ues: pain |
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Definition
Mech: benzodiazepine. Binds to benzodiazepine receptors enhancing the inhibitory effect of the GABA neurotransmittor on neuronal excitability. The membrane becomes more permeable to chloride ions, resulting in hyperpolarization ( reduced excitability)
Uses:Anxiety disorders, tremors |
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Definition
Mech: Inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase which leads to increased intracellular sodium and calcium, reduces the activity of the sympathetic nervous system.
Uses:Heart failure, CHF
Big one is ↓ CO and ↓ HR |
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Definition
Mech: b-1 agonist
Doesn’t act on dopamine receptors. Activated Dopamine reecptors cxause ↑ NE release.
Uses:Heart failure
Used for cardiogenic shock due to ↓ Contractility |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: a and b-1 agonist
Uses:Hypotension and Heart failure |
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Definition
Mech: Reversible AchE antagonist
Short duration= 20 minutes
Uses:Reversal of paralytics and Anticholinergic toxins/disorders aka myasthenia gravis |
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Definition
Mech: alpha and beta receptor agonist (alpha-1, beta-1, and beta-2)
Uses:pressor agent, asthma, myasthenia gravis
appetite suppressant, ↑ concentration, decongestant |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: alpha-1, beta-1, and beta-2
Also a hormone, ↑ Sympathetic
Uses:bronchspasm, cardiac arrest, |
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Definition
Mech: beta-1 blocker (beta-2 blocker at high doses)
Rapid onset, short duration. Block EPi and NE, ↓ force and contraction of HR
Uses:Used short term to reduce ventricular rate in atrial fibrilation, sinus tachycardia (good because it has a short half life) |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: mu opiod receptor agonist
Ingest-extensive first pass effect by Deacetylation
Inject-bypass first pass effect, acetyl groups allow to cross BBB.
uses:euphoria, pain relief |
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Term
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Definition
Mech:mechanism not clear, but it alters sodium transport and shifts toward intraneural metabolism of catacholamines
Chemical element given as salts. Therapeutic dose only SLIGHTLY less than toxic dose
uses:bipolar disorder, mania, depression |
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Definition
Mech: Ach-Esterase inhibitor
Organophosphate parasympathomimetic binds irreversibly to Ach-esterase.
Uses: Pesticide Related to nerve agents
Lower toxicity to humans than some others |
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Definition
Mech: b-1 antagonist
Selective, no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity
Uses:HTN, Angina
↓ HR, ↓contractility, ↓CO |
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Definition
Mech: Opiod receptor agonist (primarily mu)
Acts directly on CNS. Other prodrugs become morphine.
Uses: pain management |
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Definition
| Mech: Muscarinic R agonist |
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Definition
Mech: Reversible AchE antagonist
Indirectly stimulates N + M receptors.
More polar than physostigmine which means it doesn’t affect CNS.
uses:Reversal of paralytics and Anticholinergic toxins/disorders aka myasthenia gravis |
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Definition
Mech: Nicotinic agonist
Uses:Medical: Smoking cessation |
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Definition
Mech: a and b-1 agonist
Uses: severe hypotension |
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Definition
Mech: Ach-Esterase inhibitor
Irreversible binding
uses:Pesticides, Related to nerve agents
Sx-Paralysis, esp respiratory, salivation, lacrimation, defecation, emesis |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: alpha receptor blocking agent (irreversible alpha antagonist)
Nonspecific, blocks receptor form Epi + NE
uses:pheochromocytoma, increases blood flow to skin and mucosa (vasodialator), reduces blood pressure, decreases sweating |
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Term
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Definition
Mech:Smooth Muscle a-1 agonist
Uses:Hypotension
Used as Decongestant instead of pseudoephedrine since it can’t be converted to Meth |
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Term
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Definition
Mech :Reversible AchE antagonist
Indirectly stimulates N + M receptors
Uses:Reversal of paralytics and Anticholinergic toxins/disorders aka myasthenia gravis
-Less polar than neostigmine, can cross BBB so can be used to treat anticholinergic overdoses like atropine. |
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Definition
Mech: Muscarinic agonist
Non-selective but used especially on M3 receptors for clinical use
uses:Head/neck CA, xerostomia
Topically for glaucoma, xerostomia.
↑ Salva, ↑ sweat |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: M1 specific antimuscarinic drug
Uses:prevents gastric acid release
↓ gastric motility |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: a1 antagonist
sympatholytic
Uses:HTN |
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Definition
Mech: nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor blocker, competes with beta-adrenergic receptor agonist agents for available receptor sites. At dosages greater than required for beta blockade, propranolol also exerts a quinidine-like or anesthetic-like membrane action, which affects the cardiac action potential.
Eating w/ food enhances bioavailability
Uses:HTN, angina |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Decrease CNS catecholamine release
Blocks transport of NT from cytoplasm of neuron to presynaptic terminal, can’t be released.
Uses:HTN and psychosis
Not used very much anymore. |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Ach Receptor antagonist
Muscarinic Specific, competitive inhibitor
Uses:Motion Sickness/vertigo
Very small doses, OD causes delirium, delusions, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: bacteriostatic- inhibits protein synthesis
uses:spotted fever, typhus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Lymphogranuloma venereum, Psittacosis, cholera, plague, and more |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: mechanism unknown but related to inhibition of phosphodiesterase
Works by ↑ camp causes effects.
Bioavailability is 100%
Uses:asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis
Can relax bronchial SM, ↑ BP, ↑CO, etc |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Antagonist at the neuromuscular junction- acetylcholine receptor antagonist
Nicotinic Specific
Uses:asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis
Can relax bronchial SM, ↑ BP, ↑CO, etc
Muscle relaxant, used in surgery, used for patients on ventilators, used in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
Paralyzes patients-not just relax. |
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Term
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Definition
Mech: Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis,
Glycopeptide
Uses:especially effective against MRSA |
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