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Pharmacology
Side Effects
115
Medical
Post-Graduate
05/28/2008

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Cards

Term
Acetazolamide
Definition
metabolic acidosis, calcium phosphate renal stones
Term
Albuterol
Definition
sinus tachy, tremor, restlessness
Term
Alendronate/etidronate
Definition
esophageal erosion
Term
Allopurinol
Definition
can precipitate acute gouty arthritis if not given with colchicine
Term
Alosetron
Definition
constipation, toxic megacolon, ischemic colitis
Term
Amantadine
Definition
confusion
Term
Aminocaproic acid
Definition
thrombi formed in its presence do not lyse
Term
Amiodarone
Definition
hypothyroidism, ? serum transaminases, pulmonary fibrosis, photosensitivity
Term
Amitriptyline
Definition
antihistamine, anticholinergic, a1-blocker, arrhythmias
Term
Amphetamine
Definition
confusion, delirium, tremor, hyperreflexia, arrhythmias
Term
Amphotericin B
Definition
very nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic
Term
Aspirin
Definition
gastritis, GI bleeding, ? GFR, asthma, tinnitus, vertigo, hyperpyrexia
Term
Atorvastatin
Definition
? serum transaminases, ? serum creatine kinase, myopathy
Term
Atropine
Definition
blurred vision, ? secretions, hyperthermia, delirium and hallucinations
Term
Azathioprine
Definition
myelosuppression, GI irritation, interstitial pneumonitis
Term
Baclofen
Definition
sedation, weakness, CNS sfx
Term
Beclomethasone
Definition
oral immunosuppression
Term
Bethanechol
Definition
bronchoconstsriction, N/V/D, miosis, ? HR and inotropy
Term
Bleomycin
Definition
pulmonary fibrosis, GI/myelo
Term
Bosentan
Definition
hepatitis, teratogenic
Term
Bromocriptine
Definition
nausea (it’s a dopamine agonist….)
Term
Buspirone
Definition
tachy, palpitations, GI distress
Term
Captopril
Definition
captopril cough, angioedema, acute renal failure and hyperkalemia
Term
Carbamazepine
Definition
hyponatremia (SIADH), leukopenia, rare blood dyscrasias
Term
Celecoxib
Definition
? risk of thrombotic CV events
Term
Chloramphenicol
Definition
aplastic anemia, gray baby, myelosuppression
Term
Chloroquine
Definition
hemolytic anemia in G6PD patients
Term
Chlorpromazine
Definition
anticholinergic, antihistamine, a-blocker, DA blockade
Term
Cimetidine
Definition
potent CYP inhibitor, antiandrogen
Term
Ciprofloxacin
Definition
cartilage damage in children/fetuses
Term
Clindamycin
Definition
C. diff superinfection
Term
Clonidine
Definition
dry mouth, sedation, sexual dysfunction
Term
Clozapine
Definition
extrapyramidal symptoms, agranulocytosis, weight gain
Term
Codeine
Definition
N/V, constipation
Term
Colchicine
Definition
N/V/D, aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis, alopecia
Term
Cyclophosphamide
Definition
sterile hemorrhagic cystitis, GI/myelo
Term
Cyclosporine
Definition
nephrotoxicity, hyperkalemia, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, hepatotoxicity, hypertension, hirsutism, gingival hyperplasia, seizures, anemia, leucopenia, thrombocytopenia
Term
Dapsone
Definition
hemolytic anemia in G6PD patients
Term
Digoxin
Definition
nausea, blurred vision and yellow-green hallucinations
Term
Diphenhydramine
Definition
anticholinergic, a-blockade (postural hypotension)
Term
Donepezil
Definition
N/V/D
Term
Dopamine/dobutamine
Definition
arrhythmias
Term
Doxorubicin
Definition
cardiomyopathy, GI/myelo
Term
Epi/norepi/isoproterenol
Definition
angina, MI, arrhythmias
Term
Epoprostenol
Definition
N/D, headache, flushing
Term
Ergotamine
Definition
N/V, coronary artery vasospasm, paresthesias
Term
Erythromycin/azithromycin
Definition
motilin agonist, allergies, CYP 3A4 inhibitor
Term
Estrogen
Definition
endometrial hyperplasia, postmenopausal uterine bleeding, ? thrombosis
Term
Etanercept
Definition
for all TNF inhibitors ? risk of tuberculosis
Term
Ethambutol
Definition
red-green color blindness
Term
Fenoldopam
Definition
hypotension, arrhythmias, hypokalemia, ? intraocular pressure
Term
Flucytosine
Definition
N/V/D, myelosuppression
Term
Fluoxetine
Definition
N/V/D, sexual dysfunction
Term
Flutamide
Definition
gynecomastia, hepatitis
Term
Foscarnet
Definition
nephrotoxicity
Term
Furosemide
Definition
potassium wasting, metabolic alkalosis, ototoxicity, hyperuricemia, NOT FOR THOSE WITH SULFA ALLERGY (except ethacrynic acid that’s safe)
Term
Gabapentin
Definition
lethargy, ataxia
Term
Gentamycin
Definition
irreversible ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neuromuscular blockade
Term
Griseofulvin
Definition
mostly minor
Term
Halothane
Definition
malignant hyperthermia, hepatotoxicity, respiratory depression
Term
Heparin
Definition
heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (type II causes thrombosis)
Term
Hydralazine
Definition
headache, nausea, flushing, SLE-like syndrome, reflex tachy (give with ß-blocker)
Term
Hydrochlorothiazide
Definition
potassium wasting, metabolic alkalosis, hyperuricemia, SULFA
Term
Ibuprofen
Definition
renal insufficiency, gastritis, ? CVA risk
Term
Isoniazid
Definition
hepatitis, peripheral neuropathy (give vitamin B6)
Term
Latanoprost
Definition
? pigment in iris and eyelid, ? eyelash growth
Term
Lidocaine
Definition
paresthesias, tremor, nausea, slurred speech, seizures
Term
Lithium
Definition
? thyroid function, nephrogenic DI, leukocytosis
Term
Lopinavir/ritonavir/indinavir
Definition
lipodystrophy, glucose intolerance, hyperlipidemia
Term
Losartan
Definition
acute renal failure and hyperkalemia
Term
Memantine
Definition
confusion, agitation, hallucinations
Term
Methyldopa
Definition
Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia, hepatotoxicity, galactorrhea
Term
Milrinone
Definition
ventricular arrhythmias
Term
Morphine
Definition
respiratory depression, constipation, miosis, dependence
Term
Nafcillin
Definition
interstitial nephritis
Term
Nefazodone
Definition
sedation (H1 blockade)
Term
Nevirapine
Definition
fulminant hepatitis
Term
Niacin
Definition
flushing, pruritis, GI distress, hyperuricemia
Term
Nifedipine
Definition
hypotension, CHF, peripheral edema
Term
Nitroglycerin
Definition
hypotension, tachy, headaches, tolerance develops rapidly
Term
Nitroprusside
Definition
hypotension, reflex tachy, can precipitate angina 2° to coronary steal, can form cyanide, VQ mismatch in COPD patients
Term
Omeprazole
Definition
chronic use can lead to hypergastrinemia, increasing risk of gastric carcinoid tumor
Term
Pancuronium
Definition
histamine release at higher doses, ? HR and CO from weak antimuscarinic
Term
Pencillin
Definition
anaphylaxis, drug-induced Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia
Term
Phenelzine
Definition
orthostatic hypotension, impotence, tyramine sensitivity
Term
Phenobarbital
Definition
sedation
Term
Phentolamine/phenoxybenzamine
Definition
orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachy, arrhythmias
Term
Phenylephrine
Definition
rebound nasal mucosal swelling after repeated use
Term
Phenytoin
Definition
nystagmus, diplopia, gingival hyperplasia, teratogenic
Term
Polymyxin B
Definition
nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity
Term
Prazosin
Definition
orthostatic hypotension, syncope, nightmares, sexual dysfunction, lethargy
Term
Prednisone
Definition
Cushings, hyperglycemia, adrenal suppression
Term
Probenecid
Definition
inhibits renal excretion of penicillins, indomethacin, and sulfonylureas (can cause hypoglycemia), forms uric acid renal stones
Term
Procainamide/quinidine
Definition
proarrhythmic, SLE-like syndrome
Term
Procaine
Definition
CNS sfx, brady, hypotension
Term
Prochlorperazine
Definition
sedation, extrapyramidal symptoms
Term
Propranolol
Definition
sinus brady, AV block, hypotension, CHF, bronchospasm, masks hypoglycemia
Term
Propylthiouracil
Definition
allergies, rash, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia
Term
Ribavirin
Definition
hemolytic anemia, teratogenic, oncogenic
Term
Rifampin
Definition
induces many CYPs
Term
Rosiglitazone
Definition
hepatotoxicity
Term
Spironolactone
Definition
hyperkalemia, hypochloremic acidosis, gynecomastia
Term
Succinylcholine
Definition
malignant hyperthermia, hypotension, arrhythmias, respiratory collapse
Term
Sulfamethoxazole
Definition
hemolytic anemia in G6PD patients
Term
Sumatriptan
Definition
coronary artery vasospasm, hypertension
Term
Tamoxifen
Definition
hot flashes, menstrual irregularities, ? risk of endometrial cancer, DVTs
Term
Tenofovir
Definition
nephrotoxicity
Term
Tetracycline
Definition
binds Ca2+ (do not give to children or pregnant women)
Term
Trimethoprim
Definition
megaloblastic anemia (2° folate deficiency - give leucovorin/folinic acid)
Term
Valproic acid
Definition
teratogen - spina bifida
Term
Vancomycin
Definition
red man syndrome, ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
Term
Verapamil
Definition
heart block, brady, CHF, constipation, ? serum digoxin levels
Term
Vincristine
Definition
peripheral neuropathy
Term
Voriconazole
Definition
GI irritation, interferes with steroid synthesis, inhibits CYP 3A4
Term
Zidovudine
Definition
myelosuppression, mitochondrial toxicity
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