Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| found in many foods and are needed to inhibit the damage caused by oxidation. |
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Term
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Definition
| are not produced by the body but are needed. |
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Term
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Definition
| B Vitamins, folic acid, vitamin C |
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Term
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Definition
| Interaction of Vit D with anticonvulsant and sedative medication leads to faster breakdown of Vit D, leading to Vit D deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| Activity: required for normal blood clotting |
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Term
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Definition
| Activity: antioxidant (boosts immune system and wards off cataracts and atherosclerosis)People on anticoagulant agents should not take supplemental |
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Term
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Definition
Deficiency results in decreased levels of insulin and growth hormone.
Oral contraceptives can lead to the loss of vitamin from the body |
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Term
| Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) |
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Definition
| Functions include: participates in the release of energy from CHO, fats, proteins; synthesis of fat, cholesterol; stimulation of antibody response |
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Term
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Definition
| Very important for pregnant and nursing women (prevents open neural tube defects during fetal development) |
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Term
| Have dynamic functions and must be ingested regularly. |
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Definition
Iron
Calcium and phosphorus
Potassium |
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Term
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Definition
| Antacids interfere with phosphorous absorption |
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Term
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Definition
Important in maintaining water and electrolyte concentrations
Unique function in nerve impulses and cardiac rhythm control |
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Term
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Definition
| is a major cause of peptic ulcer disease . (75% of all duodenal ulcers) |
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Term
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Definition
| Treatment for Helicobacter |
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Term
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Definition
| Can be used as treatment adjuncts for peptic ulcer disease to indirectly inhibit gastric secretion |
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Term
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Definition
Antisecretory Agents/ Ulcer treatment
Interacts with many medications |
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Term
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Definition
Counteracts effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)for treatment of ulcers,
abortifacient |
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Term
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Definition
| Antisecretory Agents/ Ulcer treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| Antisecretory Agents/ Ulcer treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| Antisecretory Agents/ Ulcer treatment.Fewer side effects and is better tolerated by older patients |
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Term
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Definition
| Heals ulcers with topical, soothing effect |
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Term
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Definition
Antacid in small doses
Laxative in larger doses |
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Term
| Megestrol acetate (Megace) |
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Definition
| Synthetic derivative of progesterone that increases appetite |
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Term
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Definition
Lipase inhibitor used for obesity management
Blocks dietary absorption of fats |
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Term
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Definition
| Produce vomiting and used primarily for first aid when prompt emptying of stomach is essential |
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Term
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Definition
Induces vomiting for 30 minutes
Inhibited by milk
Dose should be followed by additional fluids |
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Term
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Definition
| Relieve nausea and vomiting |
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Term
| Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) |
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Definition
Used for vomiting
Acts as sedative
Relieves motion sickness |
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Term
| Meclizine hydrochloride (Bonine, Antivert |
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Definition
Prevents nausea and vomiting with motion sickness and morning sickness with pregnancy
Treats vertigo of labyrinthitis |
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Term
| Bulk-increasing laxatives |
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Definition
| Swell with water and mechanically stimulate intestinal contraction |
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Term
| Psyllium seed (Metamucil) |
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Definition
| Bulk-increasing laxatives |
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Term
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Definition
Mix with and soften fecal matter but do not increase bulk
Prevents absorption of fat-soluble vitamins |
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Term
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Definition
| Hold water in the tract and cause more to be absorbed, greatly increasing bulk |
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Term
| Irritant cathartic agents |
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Definition
| Irritate intestinal mucosa and prompt contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| Irritant cathartic agents |
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Term
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Definition
| Irritant cathartic agents |
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Term
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Definition
| Irritant cathartic agents |
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Term
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Definition
| Mix with fecal material, emulsifying and softening it for easier elimination |
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Term
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Definition
| Soothe irritated membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| Adsorb irritants on surface of gastrointestinal tract |
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Term
| Activated charcoal, kaolin-pectin (Kaopectate) |
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Definition
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Term
| Diphenoxylate hydrochloride plus atropine sulfate (Lomotil) |
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Definition
| Severe diarrhea is treated acts similarly to morphine |
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Term
| Alosetron hydrochloride (Lotronex) |
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Definition
| Used only in women with severe diarrhea from irritable bowel syndrome |
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Term
| Cretinism (congenital hypothyroidism in children) |
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Definition
Abnormal growth in formative years
Causes mental retardation
Slow sexual development
Weak muscles and thick skin |
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Term
| Myxedema (hypothyroidism in adults) |
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Definition
Slowing of mental and physical functions
Puffy hands and feet
Thick, leathery skin
Hypersensitive to cold |
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Term
| Hyperthyroidism or Graves’ disease |
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Definition
Elevated metabolism
Protruding eyes
Nervousness and hyperactivity |
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Term
| Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis or Hashimoto’s disease |
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Definition
Caused by autoimmune process
Serum of patients contains antibodies to thyroid antigens |
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Term
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Definition
Enlarged thyroid gland
May be caused by hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Too much calcium leaves the bones, weakening them. Increased calcium level in the blood causes kidney stones. |
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Term
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Definition
| This is a synthetic parathyroid hormone used to treat osteoporosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Symptoms: weight loss; disturbed carbohydrate and mineral metabolism; mottled, bronzed skin |
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Term
| Cortisone and Hydrocortisone |
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Definition
antiinflammatory drugs
Suppress symptoms of arthritis, bursitis, and skin diseases
Used to treat multiple sclerosis |
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Term
| Prednisolone (Prelone, Cotolone) |
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Definition
| Cortisone and Hydrocortisone |
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Term
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Definition
Slows gastric emptying and slows glucose increase
Lowers glucagon secretion during hyperglycemia |
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Term
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Definition
| Lower blood glucose by stimulating pancreas to produce more insulin and by decreasing insulin resistance of cells |
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Term
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Definition
| administered to inhibit labor and extend pregnancy |
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Term
| Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera) |
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Definition
Bone loss an issue
Limit use to 2 years |
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Term
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Definition
Emergency contraceptives
Taken within 72 hours after intercourse |
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Term
| Clomiphene citrate (Clomid) |
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Definition
Promotes the release of pituitary gonadotropins which promote ovulation
Multiple conceptions is a risk |
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Term
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Definition
Uterine stimulant, like hormone oxytocin
Used during pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum |
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Term
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Definition
| Results when antidiuretic hormone is missing |
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Term
| Thiazide (Benzothiadiazine) Diuretic Agents |
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Definition
Inhibit enzyme carbonic anhydrase
Exert action directly on the collecting tubules of kidney |
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Term
| Thiazide (Benzothiadiazine) Diuretic Agents |
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Definition
Potassium depletion is often a problem with long-term use.
contraindicated during pregnancy. |
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Term
-iazide
ex.Chlorothiazide (Diuril) |
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Definition
| Thiazide (Benzothiadiazine) Diuretic Agents |
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Term
| Spironolactone (Aldactone) |
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Definition
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Term
| Hydrochlorothiazide plus spironolactone (Aldactazide) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Amiloride hydrochloride (Midamore) |
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Definition
Diuretic agent
Does not cause potassium depletion |
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Term
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Definition
| Involuntary urination at night |
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Term
| Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan) |
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Definition
Antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle of the bladder
Drugs Used to Treat Enuresis |
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Term
| Tolterodine tartrate (Detrol, Detrol LA) |
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Definition
| Decreases urge urinary incontinence |
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Term
| Tamsulosin hydrochloride (Flomax) |
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Definition
| Drugs Used to Treat Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs Used to Treat Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy |
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Term
| Human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil) |
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Definition
Intended for females between 11 and 26 years old
Protects against four types of human papillomavi |
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Term
| Pneumococcal 7-valent conjugate vaccine (Prevnar) |
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Definition
Used for active immunization of infants and toddlers
Not to be used in adult populations |
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Term
| Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan) |
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Definition
Treats systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and nephrotic syndrome
events organ transplant rejection |
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Term
| Prednisone and prednisolone |
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Definition
| Corticosteroid Agents/ Immunosuppressive Agents |
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Term
| PrCyclosporine (Sandimmune) |
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Definition
Prevents organ transplant rejection
Bioavailability is increased by 20% to 200% when administered with grapefruit juice |
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Term
| Interferon beta-1b (Betaseron) |
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Definition
| Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis |
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Term
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Definition
Reduce serum lipids
Decrease prostaglandin synthesis
Reduce inflammation |
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Term
| Preventive Nutrition: Hypertension |
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Definition
Decreased sodium
Increased potassium |
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Term
| Preventive Nutrition:Diabetes |
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Definition
Complex carbohydrates
At least 25 to 30 grams of dietary fiber daily
Chromium from brewer’s yeast and nuts |
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Term
| Raloxifene hydrochloride (Evista) |
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Definition
Osteoporosis Medications
Binds with estrogen receptors
Preserves bone mass and increases density |
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Term
| Risedronate sodium (Actonel) |
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Definition
| Osteoporosis Medications: Inhibits bone resorption |
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Term
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Definition
Osteoporosis Medications:
Inhibits bone resorption and increases bone density |
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Term
| Aminoglycoside antibiotic agents |
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Definition
| Used for infections caused by Enterobacter and Pseudomonas strains |
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Term
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Definition
| Possible vitamin K interference |
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Term
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Definition
Increased risk of agranulocytosis, hepatitis, and chronic pulmonary fibrosis
Only used with caution |
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Term
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Definition
Enhances the effect of Coumadin
Contraindicated in patients with seizure disorders |
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Term
| Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs |
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Definition
| Drugs used to treat the disease are reversible inhibitors of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. |
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Term
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Definition
| Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs |
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Term
| Donepezil hydrochloride (Aricept) |
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Definition
| Alzheimer’s Disease Drugs |
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Term
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Definition
Taken orally, it is a digestive aid.
It stimulates the production of gastric juices and helps relieve gas.can be applied topically for pain relief. |
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Term
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Definition
| May be taken prophylactically to prevent colds or taken early in the infection |
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Term
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Definition
| Used for many centuries, especially in Asia, for treatment of colds, asthma, and respiratory symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
| have been used to prevent migraine headaches. |
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Term
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Definition
effective antibacterial agent.
lowering of cholesterol and triglyceride levels. |
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Term
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Definition
An increase in bleeding time Relieve symptoms of intermittent claudication
Increase walking performance |
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Term
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Definition
Used as stimulant and a tonic
Used to treat menopausal hot flashes
Increases the anticoagulation effect of NSAIDs and warfarin |
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Term
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Definition
euphoria, muscle weakness, and, in higher doses, deep sleep.
causes numbness in the mouth when chewed |
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