Term
| What are example of coronary vasodilators (antianginals) |
|
Definition
- nitrates
- beta blockers
- calcium channel blockers |
|
|
Term
| What do nitrates do and what are some examples? |
|
Definition
They produce a general vasodilation of systemic veins and arteries, which decreases preload.
- Nitroglycerin |
|
|
Term
| What do beta blockers do and what are some examples? |
|
Definition
Relieves angina by slowing the HR and decrease contractility.
- anything ending in lol |
|
|
Term
| What are some adverse reactions of nitrates? |
|
Definition
- dizziness, HA
- hypotension, tachycardia |
|
|
Term
| What are some adverse reactions of beta blockers? |
|
Definition
- fatigue, weakness
- arrhythmias
- bradycardia
- pulmonary edema
- CHF |
|
|
Term
| What must you do before giving beta blockers? |
|
Definition
- lungs sounds
- apical pulse |
|
|
Term
| What do calcium channel blockers do and what are some examples? |
|
Definition
Relieves angina by reducing afterload.
- diltiazem
- nifedipine
- verapamil
* most end in pine |
|
|
Term
| What must you do before giving a calcium channel blocker? |
|
Definition
- lungs sounds
- apical pulse |
|
|
Term
| What are some adverse reactions for calcium channel blockers? |
|
Definition
- peripheral edema
- arrhthymias
- CHF |
|
|
Term
| What are some nursing assessments for antianginals meds? |
|
Definition
- assess chest pain
- monitor BP and P before and after |
|
|
Term
| Nursing interventions for antianginal meds? |
|
Definition
| - Use nitro with caution if systolic is < 90 |
|
|
Term
| Pt teaching with antianginal meds? |
|
Definition
- replace nitro every 3 months
- for angina take nitro every 5 minutes X3, if pain last longer then 20-30 mins call 911
- take nitro 30min before activity that could cause angina |
|
|
Term
| What do Cardiac Glycosides do and what are some examples? |
|
Definition
They increase the force of myocardial contraction. (slows the HR)
- digitoxin
- digoxin (Lanoxin) |
|
|
Term
| What is a good digoxin level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should you reassess in 15min when giving digoxin. |
|
Definition
| When adult pulse is < 60 and an infant is < 100. |
|
|
Term
| What serum level makes the heart sensitive to toxic effects of glycosides. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should you monitor with a pt on cardiac glycosides? |
|
Definition
- EKG reports
- K levels
- Na levels
- pulse |
|
|
Term
| What should you do if a pt on digoxin has low K levels? |
|
Definition
give food high in K
- orange juice
- bananas
- tomato juice |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of an Osmotic diuretic and what is it used for? |
|
Definition
Treat anuria, cerebral edema, and glaucoma
- Mannitol: given IV |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of an Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor and what is it used to treat? |
|
Definition
Treat glaucoma
- acetazolamide |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of an thiazide diuretic and what is it used to treat? |
|
Definition
Treat edema with hypertension
- hyroflumethiazide
- chlorothizide
- chlorthalidone
- metolazone |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of a loop diuretic and what is it used to treat? |
|
Definition
Used to treat more rapid dieresis used when pts come resistant to thiazide diuretics.
- bumetanide
- ethacrynic acid
- furosemide (Lasix)
- torsemide |
|
|
Term
| What is an example of K-sparing diuretics and what do they treat? |
|
Definition
Used to manage edema when combined with thiazide and loop diuretics, esp if pt can't tolerate K supplements.
- amiloride
- spironaolactone (Aldactone)
- triamterene |
|
|
Term
| What most you monitor before giving a diuretic? |
|
Definition
- weight and I&O
- BP and Pulse
- lab electrolytes |
|
|
Term
| What are some drug classifications used to treat hypertension? |
|
Definition
- Diuretics
- Sympathetic (Adrenergic) Blockers
- Beta Blockers
- Vasodilator Drugs
- Calcium Antagonists
- ACE inhibitors |
|
|
Term
| What meds are not good for pt's with asthma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some examples of vasodilators and what are they used to treat? |
|
Definition
Causes vascular smooth muscles to relax resulting in decrease BP.
- hydralazine |
|
|
Term
| What meds are sensitive to grape fruit? |
|
Definition
| Calcium Antagonists esp pine category. |
|
|
Term
| What calcium antagonist may cause tachycardia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some ACE inhibitor meds? |
|
Definition
- benazepril
- enalapril
- lisinopril
- ramipril
- trandolapril
* ends in pril |
|
|
Term
| When given an ACE inhibitor to an elderly pt what must you watch? |
|
Definition
| It might low BP very fast. |
|
|
Term
| What should someone avoid when on hypertension meds? |
|
Definition
- hot baths
- sleep with HOB elevated
- avoid standing for a long time |
|
|
Term
| What does a pt's systolic BP have to be to question if you should give the med? |
|
Definition
< 100-110
look in chart for recent BP before med was given |
|
|
Term
| What must you get before giving a hypertensive med? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are hypolipidemic drugs used to treat. |
|
Definition
| Used to treat hyperlipidemia ( high cholesterol) |
|
|
Term
| What are some statin hypolipidemic drugs and what do they do? |
|
Definition
Reduces total cholesterol and LDL plasma levels
- atorvastatin (Lipitor)
- lovastatin: take with food
- rosuvastatin
- simvastatin : evening w/o regard to food
* ends in statin |
|
|
Term
| What are some cholesterol absorption inhibitor hypolipidemic drugs and what do they do? |
|
Definition
Acts on the surface of the small intestine to block absorption of dietary cholesterol.
- ezetimibe |
|
|
Term
| Nursing assessment for hypolipidemic drugs? |
|
Definition
- monitor serum cholesterol and triglyceride labs
- monitor liver function
- assess pt for muscle tenderness |
|
|
Term
| What are some pt teaching for hypolipidemic drugs? |
|
Definition
| - wear sunscrean to prevent photosensitivity |
|
|
Term
| What are some natural lipid lowering drugs? |
|
Definition
- niaspan : may cause flushing
- niacin
- nicotonic acid |
|
|
Term
| What is a normal LDL level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a normal HDL level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a normal cholesterol level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a normal triglyceride level? |
|
Definition
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