Term
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Definition
- H2 recepter antagonist
- TU: Gastric and duodenal ulcers, ZES, GERD symptoms, aspiration, pneumonitis, heartburn, indigestion, sour stomach
- PO/IM/IV
- AE: antiandronergic (blocks testosterone causing decreased libido, gynecomastia and impotence), rare CNS effects with renal imparement, pneumonia, when given IV may cause hypotension and dysrhythmias
- pH must be 5 or above, do not take within 1 hour of antacids
- increases levels of warfarin, phenytoin, theophylline and lidocaine
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Term
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Definition
- H2 recepter antagonist
- TU: Gastric and duodenal ulcers (short term), prophylaxis for duodenal, ZES (preferred), heartburn, acid indigestion, sour stomach, GERD (symptoms)
- More potent than Tagamet
- PO/IM/IV
- AE: pneumonia, rare CNS effects
- Less inhibition of drug metabolism
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Term
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Definition
- H2 receptor antagonist
- TU: Gastric and duodenal ulcers (short term), prophylaxis for duodenal, ZES, heartburn, acid indigestion, sour stomach, GERD (symptoms)
- PO/IV
- AE: pneumonia
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Term
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Definition
- First choice for G and D ulcers
- Histamine secretes gastric acid blocking this promoted ulcer healing
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Term
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Definition
- Suppresses secretion of gastric acid, most effective, well tolerated
- Inhibits H, K, ATP-ase enzyme that generates gastric acid
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Term
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Definition
- Proton pump inhibitor
- TU: Duodenal ulcers associated with H. Pylori, prophylaxis of NSAID induced ulcers, erosive esophagitis, GERD
- PO
- AE: Headache, gas, nausea, diarrhea, ABD pain, dry mouth and osteoporosis/fracture with longterm use, pneumonia
- Reduces absorption of Atazanavir, Ketoconazole and Itraconazole
- Take 1 hour before meal
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Term
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Definition
- Proton pump inhibitor
- TU: G and D ulcers, erosive esophagitis, ZES
- PO/IV
- AE: diarrhea, ABD pain, nausea, osteoporosis/fracture with long term use, pnemonia
- Reduces absorption of Atazanavir, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole
- Take just before eating
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Term
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Definition
- Proton pump inhibitor, prodrug
- TU: G and D ulcers (short term), erosive esophagitis, GERD, ZES (long term)
- PO
- AE: Headache, N/V/D, gastric cancer with long term due to gastrin, osteoporosis/fracture with long term use, pneumonia
- Reduces absorption of Atazanavir, Ketoconazole, Itraconazole
- Take just before eating
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Term
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Definition
- Mucosal protectant against acid and pepcin
- TU: G and D ulcers
- AE: Constipation
- Give meds such as antacids, phenytoin, theophyline, digoxin, warfarin, fluoroquinolones as it inhibits absorption
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Term
| Aluminum Hydroxide (Amphojel) |
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Definition
- Antacid
- TU: PUD, GERD symptoms, apiration pneumonitis
- PO, chew completely chase with water or milk
- AE: constipation (give with MgOH to alleviate- Maalox, Mylanta), sodium loading (not for those with HTN or CHF), hypophosphatemia
- interacts with cimetidine, ramantadine, and sucralfate, also tetracyclines, warfarin, digoxin
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Term
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Definition
- antacid
- TU: PUD, aspiration pneumonitis, GERD symtpoms
- AE: constpiation (combine with MgOH to alleviate), gas, milk-alkali syndrome (hypercalemia, metabolic alkalosis, soft tissue calcification, imparied renal fxn)
- Acid rebound
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Term
| Magnesium Hydroxide (MoM) |
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Definition
- Antacid of choice, osmotic laxative
- TU: PUG, aspiration pneumonitis, GERD symptoms, bowel evacuation
- AE: diarrhea, Mg accumulation in renal failure
- Do not give to hypocalcemia, anuria, heart block or OB
- Either 2-6 or 6-12 hours depending on dose
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Term
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Definition
- antiemetic
- MOA: serotonin antagonist, most effective
- TU: N/V caused by anticancer drugs, radiation and anesthetics
- oral and parenteral
- AE: headache, dizziness, diarrhea
- no extrapyramidal effects
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Term
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Definition
- benzodiazepine
- MOA: sedation, suppress anticipatory N/V, anterograde amnesia
- relieve extrapyramidal effects of phenothiazine antiemetics
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Term
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Definition
- antiemetic, cannabanoid (THC)
- TU: CINV, appetite stimulant in HIV
- SE: temporal disintegration, dissociation, dysphoria (not for psych pts)
- AE: tachycardia and hypotension
- Schedule 3
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Term
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Definition
- antiemetic, dopamine antagonist
- TU: emesis w/ surgery, CINV
- AE: extrapyramidal effects, anticholinergic effects ( drying), hypotension, sedation
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Term
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Definition
- antidiarrheal
- MOA: decrease motility, decrease fluid into small intestine
- morphine-like in high doses
- PO
- atropine added (increase HR) to deter abuse
- schedule V
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Term
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Definition
- antidiarrheal
- TU: diarrhea, volume of discharge in ileostomies
- MOA: suppresses motility and fluid secretion into intestine
- poorly absorbed and does not cross BBB
- no abuse
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Term
| Methylcellulose (Citracel) |
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Definition
- Bulk forming laxative
- MOA: Absorbs water, softening an enlarging mass, works in 1-3 days
- TU: Constipation, relief of diarrhea, patients with diverticulosis and IVS
- Do not give to patients with ABD pain, N/V, dysphagia, pregnancy/lactation
- AE: GI effects, must drink with water
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Term
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Definition
- Bulk forming laxative
- MOA: Absorbs water, softening an enlarging mass, works in 1-3 days
- TU: Constipation
- Do not give to patients with ABD pain, N/V, dysphagia
- AE: GI effects, must drink with water, increased blood glucose, decreased absorption of warfarin, salicylates and digoxin
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Term
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Definition
- Surfactant Laxative
- PO/RC
- MOA: facilitates penetration of water, inhibits fluid absorption, works in 1-3 days
- Do not use within 2 hours of other laxatives
- TU: softening and passage of stool
- SE: Diarrhea
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Term
| Sodium Phosphate (Fleets Phosphosoda) |
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Definition
- Osmotic laxative that retains water
- TU: Bowel evacuation
- Do not use in patients with hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, renal failure, CHF and HTN
- AE: GI effects, drink full glass of liquid, arhythmias, cardiac arrest, electrolyte imbalance
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Term
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Definition
- Stimulant Laxative that stimulates peristalsis and pulls water into intestines, 6-12 hours
- TU: constipation, IBS
- AE: GI effects, urine discoloration, decreased absorption of certain drugs
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