Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pharmacology
Antivirals
72
Medical
Graduate
11/21/2010

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Cards

Term
Interfererons (INFa)
Definition
What drug binds to cellular receptors and activate the JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway to inhibit protein synthesis?
Term
Interferons (IFNa)
Definition
Which drug is used for genital warts, hepatitis B, C, Kaposi's Sarcoma, and MS?
Term
pegIFNa & Ribavirin
Definition
Which two drugs are used in combo for the standard treatment of Hep C?
Term
IM or SQ
Definition
Giving IFNa which way induces flu-like symptoms?
Term
mouth, face, skin, esophagus, brain
Definition
Where is HSV 1 usually located on the body?
Term
HSV 2
Definition
Which type of HSV is found in the genitals, rectum, skin hands and meninges?
Term
Acyclovir
Definition
Which drug has the viral thymidine kinase which leads to premature chain termination?
Term
Acyclovir
Definition
What is the inital treatment for herpes infections?
Term
oral & IV
Definition
Which two ways is Acyclovir administered?
Term
elongation
Definition
Gancyclovir competitively inhibits viral DNA polymerase to block ________?
Term
Gancyclovir
Definition
Which drug is used to treat cytomegalic retinitis in immunocomprimised pts and CMV in transplant pts?
Term
More potent
Definition
Is Gancyclovir more or less potent than Acyclovir?
Term
Gancyclovir
Definition
Which drug has these SE: dose-dependent neutropenia, CNS effects, & may be carcinogenic?
Term
Gancyclovir
Definition
On what drug will pts present with blurred vision, floaters, or loss of central or peripheral vision?
Term
Foscarnet
Definition
What drug has the MOA that REVERSIBLY inhibits viral DNA & RNA polymerases?
Term
Foscarnet
Definition
Which drug do you give if your pt has cytomegalic retinitis and is resistant to Gancyclovir?
Term
Foscarnet
Definition
Which drug do you give to a pt who has herpes and is resistant to Acyclovir?
Term
Foscarnet
Definition
Which drug is more toxic, Gancyclovir or Foscarnet?
Term
Nephrotoxicity
Definition
What is a major SE of Foscarnet?
Term
Trifluridine
Definition
Which drug is used to treat primary keratoconjuctivitis and recurrent epithelial kerititis?
Term
Trifluridine
Definition
Which drug replaced the drug Idoxuridine?
Term
Idoxuridine
Definition
Which drug is used topically to treat kerititis?
Term
Idoxuridine
Definition
Which drug has the MOA of inhibiting viral DNA synthesis making it more susceptible to breaks which leads to error-prone transcription?
Term
neuraminidase inihibitors
Definition
Which type of drugs are used to treat viral respiratory infections?
Term
Neuraminidase Inhibitors
Definition
Which type of drugs decrease the release of virus from infected cells, increasing the formation of viral aggregates and therefore decreasing viral spread?
Term
Influenza A & B
Definition
What are Neuraminidase inhibitors active against?
Term
Neuraminidase Inhibitors
Definition
What type of drugs are the recommended tx of H1N1?
Term
Zanamivir
Definition
Which drug must you give within 30 hrs of onset of flu symptoms?
Term
Oseltamivir
Definition
which drug must you give within 36 hrs of onset of flu symptoms?
Term
 nasal & throat discomfort, bronchospasms in asthma pts
Definition
What SE is common with Zanamivir?
Term
Ribavirin
Definition
Which drug alters the intracellular nucleotide pools and inhibits viral mRNA synthesis?
Term
Ribavirin
Definition
What drug, when given aerosol, may cause conjuctival irritation and transient wheezing?
Term
Ribavirin
Definition
Which drug is given as an aerosol to treat infants with RSV infections?
Term
Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTI's)
Definition
Which type of drugs must be converted to their nucleotide form to be effective?
Term
viral replication
Definition
AZT effects ____ ______ more than cellular replication.
Term
Zidovudine (AZT)
Definition
Which drug is used for pregnant HIV pts that protects the fetus from becoming infected?
Term

PAL I Care:

Probenicid

Acetaminophen

Lorazepam

Indomethacin

Cimetidine

Definition
Which 5 drugs increase the toxicity of AZT?
Term
Bone marrow problems
Definition
What is a major SE of AZT?
Term
resistance will occur
Definition
 If a reverse transcripatse becomes mutated, what will happen?
Term
Zidovudine, Abacavir, Lamivudine
Definition
Which 3 drugs are combined to make Trizivir?
Term
elongation
Definition
NRTI's inhibits reverse transcriptase and terminates DNA chain ___________?
Term
Didanosine
Definition
What drug is given to pts with AZT resistant HIV infections?
Term
pancreatitis & Portal HTN
Definition
What is are 2 major SE of Didanosine?
Term
Didanosine
Definition
Toxicity increases when _______ is combined with Stavudine.
Term
Zalcitabine & Lamivudine
Definition
What 2 drugs can you combine with AZT?
Term
Zalcitabine
Definition
What drug has the SE: peripheral neuropathy, stomatitis and rash?
Term
Stavudine & AZT (Zidovudine)
Definition
Which two drugs have the SE: fatal lactic acidosis, peripheral lipoatrophy, central fat accumulation & hyperlipidemia?
Term
Lamivudine & Tenofovir
Definition
Which two drugs are used to treat chronic Hep B infections?
Term
Lamivudine
Definition
Use of which drug produces pancreatitis in peds pts?
Term
Abacavir (this makes Trizivir)
Definition
Which drug is given with Zidovudine & Lamivudine to treat HIV?
Term
Tenofovir
Definition
What is the NtRTI would you never give with Didanosine, Lamivudine, or Abacavir?
Term
Efavirenz
Definition
Which drug binds NEXT to the reverse transcriptase activation site altering the conformation?
Term
Zidovudine & Lamivudine
Definition
Which two drugs are used in combo with Efavirenz?
Term
Efavirenz
Definition
Which drug has the SE of nightmares and hallucinations?
Term
Hepatitis B
Definition
Which disease do you not give Efavirenz with as it may produce a hypersensitivity reaction?
Term
Atripla
Definition
What is the single pill that contains Efavirenz, Emtricitabine and Tenofovir?
Term
Didanosine & Stavudine
Definition
What two drugs can you give with Nevirapine?
Term
Nevirapine
Definition
St. John's Wart causes a drug interaction with which drug?
Term
Rifampin & Ketoconazole
Definition
Nevirapine should never be administered with which two drugs?
Term

Ethinylestradiol

 

*give other birth control

Definition
Nevirapine decreases plasma concentrations of what other drug?
Term
Zidovudine & Didanosine
Definition
Which two drugs do you use in combo with Delaviridine?
Term
Delaviridine
Definition
Rash is less frequent with which NNRTI?
Term
Protease Inhibitors
Definition
What type of drugs interfere with the proteolysis of the gag-pol precursor and lead to nonfunctional virions?
Term
Protease Inhibitors
Definition
HIV pts must take which type of drugs continuously with AZT and Lamivudine?
Term
Atazanavir
Definition
Which drug is taken orally once per day and has less of an effect on the patient's lipid profile?
Term
Lopinavir/Ritonavir
Definition
Which drug combination is used to treat HIV strains that are resistant to protease inhibitors?
Term
Amprenavir
Definition
Cross resistance does not cocur with HIV pts with this drug.
Term
Enfuvirtide
Definition
Which drug binds to the glycoprotein and prevents the conformational change in HIV?
Term
Maraviroc
Definition
Which drug blocks the CCR5 chemokine receptor?
Term
Maraviroc
Definition
Which fusion inhibitor causes these SE: cough, fever, dizziness, HA, decreased BP, nausea & bladder irritation?
Term
"-lovir"
Definition
Which suffix is used for DNA viruses?
Term
"-ine, -mivir, -avir"
Definition
Which suffixes are used for RNA viruses?
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