Term
| Where are alpha adrenergic receptors located and what happens when they're agonized/antagonized? |
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Definition
LOCATIONS: smooth muscles & sphincters, ie blood vessels, GI tract, salivary glands, urinary sphincter, radial muscle of eye
AGONIZED/ACTIVATED: SYMPATHETIC RESPONSE (fight or flight); contrax of smooth muscle/sphincters -> vasoconstriction & urinary & bowel retention & mydriasis (far vision focus); dry mouth; glycogen breakdown
ANTAGONIZED/BLOCKED: PARASYMPATHETIC (RELAXATION): vasodilation, defecation/urination, salivation, near vision focus |
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Term
| Where are beta1 adrenergic receptors & what happens when antagonized/agonized? |
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Definition
LOCATION: ALL IN HEART...remember, 1 heart, beta 1 receptors
AGONIST/ACTIVATION: SYMPATHETIC: heart beats faster & harder
ANTAGONIST/BLOCKER: PARASYMPATHETIC: slows the heart down |
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Term
| Where are beta2 adrenergic receptors & what happens when they are antagonized/agonized? |
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Definition
LOCATION: HEART,SMOOTH MUSCLE OF GI TRACT & BLADDER, KIDNEY, LIVER -->Beta 2 receptors less selective than Beta1 =more side effects
AGONIZED/ACTIVATED: SYMPATHETIC: inc. HR; BRONCHODILATION (remember 2 lungs, beta 2 receptors); dec. defecation & urination; tells kidney to release renin --> VASOCONSTRICTION; glycogen breakdown
ANTAGONIZED/BLOCKED: dec. heart rate & force; BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; defacation/urination; glycogen synthesis (always goes along w/increased digestive fxn) |
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Term
Autonomic terminology that denotes
parasympathetic activity |
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Definition
cholinergic
parasympathomimetic (-mimetic = mimics/acts like)
sympatholytic (-lytic = antagonizes/blocks/opposite)
nicotinic/muscarinic (cholinergic receptors) |
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Term
| Autonomic terms which denote sympathetic activity (fight or flight) |
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Definition
| adrenergic
sympathomimetic (-mimetic=mimics/acts like)
parasympatholytic (-lytic = opposite)
anticholinergic
antimuscarinic |
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Term
BETHANECHOL (URECHOLINE)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
CHOLINERGIC
indications: URINARY RETENTION, GERD(gastric reflux)
weird side effects:cholinergic effects (parasympathetic), dec HR &
BP, diarrhea, BRONSHOCONSTRICTION
contra indications: asthma, PUD, phys obstruction of urinary tract
DO NOT GIVE WITH MEALS!!!! 1 HR BEFORE OR 2 HR AFTER
-dec HR, bronchoconstriction, sweating, erection, vasodialtion, activation of bladder & diestive tract |
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Term
ATROPINE
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
Muscarinic antagonist (SYMPATHETIC)
indications: BRADYCARDIA, IBS/DYSENTERY, eye exams/eye surgery, drying of mucus membranes before surgery
weird side effects:xerostomia, blurred vision, INC. IOP (intra-ocular pressure), urinary & bowel retention,tachycardia
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
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Term
|
Definition
d-Tubocurarine
succinylcholine |
|
|
Term
| cholinesterase inhibitors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Atropine
Indications
Contraindications
Side Effects
Nursing Implications |
|
Definition
INDICATIONS
-bradycardia: inc. HR; vasodilation w/high doses; blox Ach at SA & AV nodes
-preoperatively: dries secretions of mucus membranes, stomach, salivary glands, sweat glands, lungs
-IBS/dysentery:dec. motility of GI tract
-eye exams/eye surgery: causes pupil dilation
CONTRAINDICATIONS
PUD, asthma, glaucoma, intestinal atony, urinary obstruxn, tachycardia
SIDE EFFECTS
-dry mouth (xerostomia)
-blurred vision, photophobia
-inc. IOP (intra ocular pressure)
-urinary retention
-constipation
-inability to sweat
-tachycardia
NURSING IMPLICATIONS
-provide relief for dry mouth 7 swallowing difficulty
-use eye protex for light
-monitor HR
-avoid extreme high temps |
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|
Term
oxybutynin (Ditropan)
tolterodine (Detrol)
trospium chloride (Sanctura)
solifenacin succinate (Vesicare)
Routes of Administration
Mechanism of Action
Indications
Contraindications
Side Effects
Nursing Implications |
|
Definition
Route of Administration: Oral, patch
Mech o/action: Anticholinergic
INDICATIONS
-OAB (over active bladder)
CONTRAINDICATIONS
-urinary retention
-gastric retention
-uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma
SIDE EFFECTS
-dry mouth
-constipation
-dry eyes, blurred vision(dilated pupils)
-drowsiness
IMPLICATIONS
-intervene for dry mouth
-assess urinary patterns regularly
-watch out for overheating
-sunglasses |
|
|
Term
SCOPOLOMINE (Transderm-Scop)
Routes of Administration
Mechanism of Action
Indications
Contraindications
Side Effects
Nursing Implications |
|
Definition
Routes of Admin: behind the ear patch
Mech of axn: anticholinergic
Indications
-IBS (irritable bowel syndrome)
-motion sickness
Contraindications:
-elderly
-alcohol
-glaucoma
Side Effects
-drowsiness
dry mouth
dilated pupils
blurred vision
flushing
diff urinating
hallucinations
confusion
OD
delirium, delusions, paralysis, stupor, death
antidote: physostigmine |
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Term
| Name three differences between the catecholamine and noncatecholemine sympathomimetic agents (adrenergic agonists) |
|
Definition
catecholamines vs. noncatecholamines
1. catecholamines cannot be used orally/ non's CAN
2. catecholamines have short duration o/action /non's have longer half-lives
3. catecholamines cannot cross BBB (too poolar)/ non's can |
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Term
| Which adrenergic receptors are agonized (activated) by epinephrine? |
|
Definition
alpha 1
alpha 2
beta 1
beta 2 |
|
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Term
| Which adrenergic receptors are agonized (activated) by norepinephrine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which adrenergic receptors are agonized (activated) by isoproterenol? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which adrenergic receptors are agonized (activated) by dopamine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which adrenergic receptors are agonized (activated) by dobutamine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Name tHREE adrenergic agonists which activate/agonize alpha receptors and:
INDICATIONS
SIDE EFFECTS
CONTRAINDICATIONS
NURSING IMPLICATIONS |
|
Definition
EPINEPHRINE, NOREPINEPHRINE, DOPAMINE
INDICATIONS
-Used w/ local anesthesia to delay absorption (vasoconstriction)
--hypotension
-hemostasis
SIDE EFFECTS
-inc. BP (hypertension)
-bradycardia
-necrosis o/nearby tissues if IV line extravasated
CONTRAINDICATIONS
-hypertension
-bradycardia
NURSING IMPLICATIONS
-check position of IV line regularly
-check HR & BP regularly |
|
|
Term
Drug Class: Anti-Epileptics (AED's)
drugs and common side effects |
|
Definition
phenytoin (Dilantin)
fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)
carbamazepine (Tegretol)
valproic acid (Depakote, Depakene)
phenobarbitol (Luminal)
gabapentin (Neurontin)
magnesium sulfate
Common Side Effects:
GI upsets (N, V, dyspepsia, take with food)
Sleepiness, dizziness, lightheadedness, HA, fatigue (usually goes away with time)
Weight Gain |
|
|
Term
PHENYTOIN (Dilantin)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
anti-epileptic: partial & tonic-clonic seizures
DOESN'T TREAT ABSENCE SEIZURES
Weird side effects: gingival hyperplasia (gum overgrowth); hirsutism; rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, fatal)
Contraindications: the pill, warfarin, steroids, all CNS depressants, pregnancy
NARROW THERAPEUTIC RANGE (10 - 20 MCG/ML)
toxicity: diplopia, nystagmus, slurring, ↓ BP, ↓ RR
DOESN'T TREAT ABSENCE SEIZURES
NO IV ADMIN, PO ONLY |
|
|
Term
FOSPHENYTOIN (Cerebyx)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
anti-epileptic: partial & tonic-clonic seizures
DOESN'T TREAT ABSENCE SEIZURES
Weird side effects: gingival hyperplasia (gum overgrowth); hirsutism; rash (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, fatal)
Contraindications: the pill, warfarin, steroids, all CNS depressants, pregnancy
NARROW THERAPEUTIC RANGE (10 - 20 MCG/ML)
toxicity: diplopia, nystagmus, slurring, ↓ BP, ↓ RR
DOESN'T TREAT ABSENCE SEIZURES
IV ADMINISTRATION |
|
|
Term
CARBAMAZEPINE (Tegretol)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
anti-epileptic: partial & tonic-clonic seizures
DRUG OF CHOICE FOR PARTIALS
weird side effects: bone marrow suppression; CHF; SOMETIMES STOPS WORKING AFTER A FEW WEEKS
contraindications: the pill, warfarin, phenytoin, phenobarb, pregnancy grapefruit juice
IMPORTANT FACTS: nursing implications: monitor CBCs, RBC, WBC, platelets BEFORE & AFTER therapy; monitor I & O, |
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|
Term
VALPROIC ACID (Depakote, Depakene)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
ANTI-EPILEPTIC: ALL SEIZURES, PLUS MIGRAINES
weird side effects: HEPATOTOXICITY; BLOOD DYSCRASIAS; hirsutism, rash hair loss, tremors; PANCREATITIS
contraindications: TERATOGENIC, liver disease, phenobarb., phenytoin
important facts: monitor LFT & CBC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ANTI-EPILEPTIC
effective, cheap, 1Xday
sedating, depression, learning impairments |
|
|
Term
GABAPENTIN (Neurontin)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
ANTI-EPILEPTIC (AED): PARTIAL SEIZURES; ADJUNCT TO OTHER AED'S; NEUROPATHIC PAIN
weird side effects: nystagmus, confusion, peripheral edema
contraindications: RENAL DISEASE, ANTACIDS |
|
|
Term
MAGNESIUM SULFATE
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
ANTIEPILEPTIC (AED): DRUG OF CHOICE FOR PREGNANCY SEIZURES FROM ECLAMPSIA; magnesium deficiency
weird side effects: dec. reflexes, dec. muscle tone, heart block, vital sign changes
toxicity: dec. BP, dec. RR, dec HR, dec. reflexes, flaccid paralysis, CNS DEPRESSION |
|
|
Term
| CAUSES & SIGNS OF MG DEFICIENCY |
|
Definition
Causes: alcoholism, diarrhea, V, DKA (diabetic ketoacidosis), dehydration, diuretics, sepsis, burns, debrided wounds
Signs: 3T'S (TREMOR, TETANY, TWITCHING); hyperactive DTRs; confusion, seizures, dysrhythmias, Chvostek's sign (facial spasm when tap on CN VII), Trousseau's sign (hand spasm when BP cuff inflated above systolic BP) |
|
|
Term
Drug class: Central-Acting Muscle Relaxants
list drugs & common side effects |
|
Definition
baclofen (Lioresal)
diazepam (Valium)
dantrolene (Dantrium)
given for multiple sclerosis, cerebral palsy, spinal injury
common side effects: drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, weakness, GI upset |
|
|
Term
BACLOFEN (Lioresal)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: MS, CP, spinal injury
weird side effects: urinary retention
contraindications: alcohol & CNS depressants
nursing implications: assess spasms, pain, ROM, rigidity |
|
|
Term
DANTROLENE (Dantrium)
indications
weird side effects |
|
Definition
indications: MS, CP, spinal injury, MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA
weird side effects: HEPATOTOXICITY |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
destructive cascade of stress hormones
weakened immune system
inc. HR
inc. BP |
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|
Term
Drug class: OPIOIDS
list drugs & common side effects |
|
Definition
MORPHINE
FENTANYL (duragesic, sublimaze, fentanyl oralit, actiq)
MEPERIDINE (DEMEROL)
CODEINE
OXYCODONE ( oxycontin)
HYDROCODONE (vicodin, lortab)
side effects: drowsiness, RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, CONSTIPATION, N, V, DECREASED BP, HA, miosis, URINARY RETENTION, cough suppression, TOLERANCE, addiction |
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Term
Drug class: Opioid antagonist
list drugs & common facts & side effects |
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Definition
NALOXONE (Narcan)
NALMEFENE (Revex)
_parenteral adminin
_reverses all opioid effects ( including analgesia)
_given for OD, toxicity (resp <8 bpm; CNS depression; unresponsive pinpoint pupils, coma)
_triggers acute abstinence syndrome (increasing vitals, seizures, twitching, cardiac arrest) |
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|
Term
MORPHINE
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS" |
|
Definition
SEVERE PAIN
weird side effects: BILIARY COLIC, INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE
contraindications: asthma, pulmonary disease, pregnancy, L&D, HEAD INJURY, infants, elderly, gallbladder disease
keep opioid antagonist at hand
TOXIC TRIAD: COMA, RESP DEPRESSION, MIOSIS(pinned pupils)
normal dose 10 - 30 mg q 4h po, 2 - 10 mg q 4h IV in 5cc H2O |
|
|
Term
FENTANYL (Sublimaze, Duragesic, Oralet, Actiq)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: severe, CHRONIC pain
side effects same as all opioids
contra indications: children under 12, weight under 110
IMPORTANT FACTS
Admin: transdermal, parenteral, lozenge (oralet, conscious sedation, DANGEROUS), lollipop (breakthrough pain in opioid tolereant pt) |
|
|
Term
MEPERIDINE (Demerol)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: severe pain, SHORT TERM (24 - 48 hr), OB pain
weird side effects: metabolite buildup (dysphoria, irritability, tremors, seizures)
contra indications: depression, anitdepressants, kidney/liver disease
admin PARENTERAL only (not oral) |
|
|
Term
CODEINE
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: MILD TO MODERATE pain, coughing, diarrhea
weird side effects: watch for allergy (hives), SOB, dyspnea
IMPORTANT FACTS:
10% of people lack enzyme to make codeine active…doesn't work for them |
|
|
Term
OXYCODONE (oycontin)
indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: SEVERE PAIN, ESP CANCER
LONG ACTING, controlled release over 12 hours
HIGH ABUSE POTENTIAL
HIGH OD POTENTIAL IF NOT TAKEN WHOLE |
|
|
Term
HYDROCODONE (vicodin, lortab)
indications |
|
Definition
indications: MILD to moderate pain; COUGHING
WATCH FOR ALLERGY |
|
|
Term
| How to manage an opioid OD |
|
Definition
*emesis or gastric lavage
*est. patent airway, ventilator
*NALOXONE (Narcan) |
|
|
Term
ASA (aspirin)
indications:
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: fever, inflammation, mild pain, reduction of coagulation for MI, TIA, STROKE, ANGINA
weird side effects: GI bleeding/irritation; RENAL IMPAIRMENT; BLEEDING, bruising
contra indications: bleeding disorders, anticoagulants; steroids; ibuprofen; CHILDREN (REYE'S SYNDROME)
IMPORTANT FACTS
OD=1ST SIGN IS TINNITUS, sweating, HA, dizziness, respiratory depression, hyperthermia, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance |
|
|
Term
ACETAMINOPHEN (tylenol)
indications:
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: fever, mild pain, those allergic to ASA, children, those w/PUD
weird side effects: HEPATOTOXICITY W/OD;
contra indications: alcohol, coumadin ( it increases the anti-coagulant effect)
IMPORTANT FACTS
NO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY OR PLATELET ANTI-COAGULANT PROPERTIES
ACETYLCYSTEINE (mucomyst) w/in 8-24 hours for OD |
|
|
Term
IBUPROFEN (advil, motrin) and other NSAIDS (naproxen, toradol, ketoprofen, oxaprozin)
indications:
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: mild pain, fever, INFLAMMATION, DYSMENORRHEA
contra indications: liver/kidney disease; allergy to ASA, alcohol, ACE inhibitors
IMPORTANT FACTS
monitor for bleeding time increase and fluid volume excess |
|
|
Term
CELECOXIB (celebrex)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: anti-inflammatory, acute pain
weird side effects: renal toxicity ( edema, hypertension), blood clotting (prothrombic)
contra indications: renal disease; sulfa allergy; pregnancy; heart disease
IMPORTANT FACTS
dec ACE inhibitors effect
dec Lasix effect
INCREASE LITHIUM LEVELS |
|
|
Term
ERGOT ALKALOIDS (ergotamine tartrate)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: DRUG OF CHOICE FOR MIGRAINE
weird side effects: N, CARDIAC PROBLEMS; PARESTHESIAS
contra indications: pregnancy, sepsis, CAD, PVD, triptans, liver disease, fever
TOXICITY: ischemia leading to gangrene
admin: oral, SL, rectal, inhaled |
|
|
Term
SUMATRIPTAN (imitrex)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: Migraine rescue
weird side effects: CHEST PAIN (50%OF PEOPLE); MI, dysrhythmias, STROKE, bad taste in mouth, drowsiness
contra indications: pregnancy, PRIOR MI HTN CAD
Admin: po, sc, nasal spray |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Given for Benzo OD
counteracts drowsiness & confusion, but NOT RESP DEPRESSION |
|
|
Term
Drug Class: BENZODIAZEPINES
list drugs
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
ALPRAZOLAM (XANAX); DIAZEPAM (VALIUM)
LORAZEPAM (ATIVAN); TEMAZEPAM (RESTORIL)
side effects: amnesia; PARADOXICAL REACTIONS ESP IN ELDERLY; RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION; abuse, tolerance, physical dependence, CNS depression
contraindications: pregnancy, sleep apnea, suicidal tendencies, elderly
OD: not usually serious, drowsiness, confusion, patent airway
give FLUMAZENIL (ROMAZECON) |
|
|
Term
Benzo-like drugs: ZOLPIDEM (ambien); ZALEPLON (sonata); ESZOPICLIONE (lunesta)
indication, side effects, important facts |
|
Definition
indication: sleep aid
side effects: daytime drowsiness, dizziness, amnesia
LUNESTA WORKS LONGER, BEST FOR THOSE WHO WAKE UP IN THE MIDDLE OF THE NIGHT
less incidence of tolerance than benzos |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| New sleep aid, can cause HA, sleepiness, fatigue, dizziness |
|
|
Term
CAFFEINE (cafsit)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications |
|
Definition
indications: stimulation/wakefulness; NEONATAL APNEA
weird side effects: inc HR, inc BP, BRONCHODILATION; DIURETIC;
contra indications: pregnancy; insomnia; cardiac dysrhythmias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
METHYLPHENIDATE (Ritalin, Concerta)
AMPHETAMINE (Adderall)
TRANSDERMAL METHYLPHENIDATE (Daytrana)
ATOMOXETINE (strattera) |
|
|
Term
METHYLPHENIDATE (Ritalin, Concerta)
AMPHETAMINE (Adderall)
indications:
weird side effects |
|
Definition
indications: ADD/ADHD
weird side effects: GROWTH SUPPRESSION DUE TO APPETITE SUPPRESSION; HA, GI problems, insomnia
GIVE LAST DOSE BY 4PM; TAKE DRUG HOLIDAYS |
|
|
Term
| TRANSDERMAL METHYLPHENIDATE (Daytrana) |
|
Definition
patch version of Ritalin/Concerta, given for ADD/ADHD
apply to hip; no effect for 2 hours, must be put on 2 hr before school; can be removed early for dosing adjustment |
|
|
Term
ATOMOXETINE (straterra)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications |
|
Definition
ONLY FDA APPROVED FOR ADULT ADHD
indications: ADD/ADHD; off-label for depression
weird side effects: irritability; GROWTH SUPPRESSION R/T APPETITE SUPPRESSION
contra indications: MAOIs; careful w/ HTN & INC HR |
|
|
Term
LEVODOPA (dopar, larodopa)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
indications: Parkinson's Disease
weird side effects: hallucinations; dyskinesias; postural hypotension; dysrhythmias; PSYCHOSIS; DARKENED SWEAT & URINE
contra indications: antipsychotics; ANTICHOLINERGICS; MAOIs
DO NOT GIVE WITH MEALS
AVOID LARRGE AMTS OF PROTEIN & B6
ON-OFF SYNDROME
DRUG HOLIDAYS |
|
|
Term
LEVODOPA-CARBIDOPA (sinemet)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications
IMPORTANT FACTS |
|
Definition
MORE EFFECTIVE THAN LEVODOPA ALONE
DOC FOR PARKINSON'S
weird side effects: hallucinations; dyskinesias; postural hypotension; dysrhythmias; PSYCHOSIS; DARKENED SWEAT & URINE
contra indications: antipsychotics; ANTICHOLINERGICS; MAOIs
OD: EYELID SPASMS, twitching, hallucinations
TAKES WEEKS/MONTHS TO WORK, BE PT
DO NOT GIVE WITH MEALS
AVOID LARRGE AMTS OF PROTEIN & B6
ON-OFF SYNDROME
DRUG HOLIDAYS |
|
|
Term
Drug Class: Dopamine agonists
list drugs & common side effects & use |
|
Definition
PRAMIPEXOLE (mirapex)
ROPINIROLE (requip)
BROMOCRIPTINE (parlodel)
PERGOLIDE (permax)
side effects: DIZZINESS & HALLUCINATIONS (DOUBLED W/LEVODOPA), DAYTIME SLEEPINESS, POSTURAL HYPOTENSION
USED W/LEVODOPA IN ADVANCED DISEASE
TOXIC PSYCHOSIS IN ELDERLY ******DON'T GIVE TO ELDERLY |
|
|
Term
| list drugs & common side effects & use |
|
Definition
ENATCAPONE (Comtan)
TOLCAPONE (tasmar)
INDICATIONS: adjunct to levodopa-carbidopa (sinemet) therapy
SE: dyskinesias; OH; sleep disturbances; constipation
****DANGER OF LIVER FAILURE, ESP IN TOLCAPONE, MUST MONITOR LFTs Q 2 WEEKS/YEAR 1, Q MONTH/6 MOS, THEN Q8 WK FOREVER******** |
|
|
Term
DONEPEZIL (aricept)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications |
|
Definition
indications: DOC FOR ALZHEIMER'S;only FDA approved alzheimer's drug; HALLUCINATIONS caused by Parkinson's drugs
side effects: INCONTINENCE, BRADYCARDIA, BRONCHOCONSTRICTION
contraindications: asthma, COPD, antipsychotics
BEST TOLERATED ALZHEIMER'S MED FOR ALL STAGES
contra indications |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hot as a Hare
Mad as a Hatter
Red as a Beet
Dry as a Bone
Blind as a Bat |
|
|
Term
BETHANECHOL (urecholine)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications |
|
Definition
indications: Urinary retention, GERD
weird side effects: hypotension; DEC HR; DEC BP; BRONCHOCONSTRICTION
contra indications: PHYSICAL OBSTRUCTION OF URINARY TRACT; asthma; PUD
DO NOT TAKE WITH MEALS |
|
|
Term
ATROPINE
indications
weird side effects
contra indications |
|
Definition
indications: BRADYCARDIA; dries secretions of mucus membranes for surgery; IBS (DYSENTERY); EYE EXAMS (pupil dilaiton)
weird side effects: XEROSTOMIA; URINARY RETENTION; INCREASED INTRA-OCULAR PRESSURE; inability to sweat
contra indications: glaucoma; urinary obstruction; tachycardia; (not good with asthma & PUD, but might be use dto rescusitate) |
|
|
Term
Drug Class: Anticholinergics
drug names & common seffects |
|
Definition
ATROPINE
OXYBUTYNIN (ditropan)
TOLTERODINE (detrol)
TROSPIUM CHLORIDE (sanctura)
SOLIFENACIN SUCCINATE (vesicare)
SCOPOLAMINE (transderm-scop)
effects: sympathetic (urinary & bowel retention, thickened secretions, pupil dilation, increased HR & BP, increased IOP) |
|
|
Term
OXYBUTYNIN (ditropan)
TOLTERODINE (detrol)
TROSPIUM CHLORIDE (sanctura)
SOLIFENACIN SUCCINATE (vesicare)
indications
weird side effects
contra indications |
|
Definition
indications: OAB (OVERACTIVE BLADDER)
side effects: anticholinergic (dry mouth, constipation, dyspepsia, dry eyes, blurred vision, drowsiness)
contra indications:urinary retention, gastric retention; GLAUCOMA; high temps, |
|
|
Term
| SCOPOLAMINE (TRANSDERMAL SCOP) |
|
Definition
indications: motion sickness, IBS
side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, dilated pupils, flushing, increased HR, difficulty urinating, hallucinations
VERY TOXIC...OD SYMPTOMS: DELERIUM, DELUSIONS, PARALYSIS, STUPOR, DEATH
PHYSOSTIGMINE: OD ANTIDOTE |
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Term
EPINEPHRINE (adrenalin)
indications
side effects
contraindications |
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Definition
INDICATIONS:
*CARDIAC: inc. HR, inc. CO, inc. contractility
*BRONCHIAL: dilation
*EYE: dilation
*VASCULAR: vasoconstriction
side effects: inc. BP, inc. HR, dysrhythmias, NECROSIS ON EXTRAVASATION, hyperglycemia, |
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Term
NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE (levophed)
indications
side effects
contraindications |
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Definition
indications: HYPOTENSION, CARDIAC ARREST
SIDE EFFECTS: dysrhythmias, NECROTIC EXTRAVASATION, TISSUE ISCHEMIA from vasoconstriction, |
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Term
ISOPROTERENOL HYDROCHLORIDE (isuprel)
indications
side effects
contraindications |
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Definition
indications: dysrhymias, heart block, cardiac arrest, asthma, bronchospasm
side effects: angina, hyperglycemia, dysrhythmias; PINK/RED COLORED SALIVA W/ INHALED ADMIN
contraindications |
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Term
DOBUTAMINE HCL (dobutrex)
indications
side effects
contraindications |
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Definition
indications: heart failure
side effects: TACHYCARDIA, inc. BP, dysrhythmias, ANGINA
contraindications:ANGINA |
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Term
Drug Class: Adrenergic Antagonists (Alpha Blockers)
drugs, indications, side effects |
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Definition
PHENTOLAMINE (Regitine)
PRAZOSIN (minipress)
DOXAZOSIN (cardura)
indicated: HIGH BP; reversal of epinephrine & norepinephrine (alpha stimulators); BPH (benign prostatic hypertrophy); pheochromocytoma
side effects: OH, TACHYCARDIA, nasal congestion; sexual performance |
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Term
PHENTOLAMINE (Regitine)
indications
side effects
contraindications |
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Definition
indications: pheochromocytoma; REVERSE EFFECTS OF EXTRAVASATION (SC)
side effects: OH, TACHYCARDIA, nasal congestion; sexual performance
contraindications |
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Term
PRAZOSIN (minipress)
DOXAZOSIN (cardura)
indications
side effects |
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Definition
indications:HIGH BP, enlarged prostate (BPH)
side effects: OH,TACHYCARDIA, sex problems |
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Term
Drug Class: Beta Blockers
drugs
indications
side effects |
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Definition
PROPALOLOL (inderal)
METOPROLOL (lopressor)
ATENOLOL (tenormin)
indications: angina, high BP, cardiac dysrhythmias, MI, hyperthyroidism, migraine prevention, pheochromocytoma, glaucoma
SIDE EFFECTS DEPENDENT ON B1/B2 SELECTIVITY: bradycardia, ypotension, bronchospasm, weakness, hypoglycmia, sexual dysfunction, depression, CONSTIPATION,
contraindications: Ca blockers, insulin, digoxin; heart block s pacemaker; asthma |
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Term
CLONIDINE (catapres)
Drug class
indications
side effects
contraindications |
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Definition
*decreases NE release in brain ->
Drug class: central acting a2 agonist (inhibitory in brain)
side effects:XEROSTOMIA, rebound hypertenison, DEPRESSION, NIGHTMARES, impotency/decreased libido
contraindications:BETA BLOCKERS & TRICYCLICS |
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Term
local anesthetics
indications
side effects
contraindications |
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Definition
PROCAINE (novocain)--injected, risk for allergy
LIDOCAINE (xylocaine)--topical & injected, allergic rxn rare
indications: only on normal intact skin
contraindications: antidysrhythmics, beta blockers, actetaminophen, nitrates, phenytoin, sulfonamides |
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Term
Inhalation anesthetics
list drugs
side effects
contraindications |
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Definition
NITROUS OXIDE
HALOTHANE
ENFLURANE
ISOFLURANE
DESFLURANE
SEVOFLURANE
side effects:resp/cardiac depression, aspiration, OD, HEPATOTOXICITY, MHS (MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA SYNDROME)
MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA SYNDROME TREATED WITH DANTROLENE, HAVE DANTROLENE ON HAND |
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Term
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Definition
THIOPENTAL SODIUM (pentothal)
METHOHEXITAL SODIUM (brevital)
DIAZEPAM (valium)
LORAZEPAM (ativan)
MIDAZOLAM (versed)
PROPOFOL (diprovan) |
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Term
THIOPENTAL SODIUM (pentothal)
METHOHEXITAL SODIUM (brevital)
Drug class
indications
side effects |
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Definition
Drug class: Short-acting barbiturates (IV anesthetics)
indications: induction of anesthesia followed by inhalation
side effects: respiratory; cardiac depression |
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Term
DIAZEPAM (valium)
LORAZEPAM (ativan)
(in anesthesia)
indications
side effects
contraindications |
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Definition
indications: general anesthesia; ***used for short procedures & ICU agitation**
side effects: moderate resp & cardiac depression vs. barbs; longer onset & longer sedation
*little muscle relaxation, NO ANALGESIA
*slow onset |
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