Term
Preganglionic of everything (including adrenal gland)
Postganglionic of parasympathetic and sweat glands |
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Definition
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Term
Located in the preganglionic synapses
not important pharmacologically |
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Definition
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Term
Located at postganglionic synapses of the parasympathetic system and in the sweat glands of the sympathetic system |
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Definition
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Term
Found on presynaptic adrenergic neurons activation interferes with norepinephrine release
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Definition
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Term
Alpha is stimulatory everywhere except |
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Definition
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Term
beta is blocker everywhere except the |
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Definition
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Term
Adverse affects – sweating, salivation, flushing, decreased blood pressure, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea and bronchospasm |
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Definition
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Term
Contraindications – Physical obstruction, asthma and Peptic ulcers |
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Definition
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Term
Miosis causes an increase/decrease in IOP |
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Definition
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Term
Can stimulate BOTH Muscarinic and Nicotinic receptors at PNS/SNS
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Definition
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Term
Can stimulate Epi release from adrenal medulla |
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Definition
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Term
More resistant to cholinesterase than pilocarpine |
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Definition
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Term
DOC for EMERGENCY lowering of both wide and narrow angle Glaucoma |
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Definition
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Term
Adverse reactions – CNS Disturbances; miosis with decreased vision and brow aches (not related to decrease in IOP) |
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Definition
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Term
Place in therapy – Historically an initial treatment of choice but newer agents have replaced it |
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Definition
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Term
No abnormal resistance to aqueous humor outflow |
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Definition
angle-closure glaucoma
medical emergency w/ acute onset |
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Term
When cilia contract it has a tendency to move forward iris towards ciliary body which allows the tendons that connect the lens to ciliary body to relax |
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Definition
accommodation
(which allows lens to round and see close up) |
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Term
Can use muscarinic agonist in this condition because you are looking for contraction of cilia muscles to increase egress of aqueous fluid out of the eye which will relieve some of the angle congestion |
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Definition
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Term
problem is in the trabebucular meshwork and when you give muscarinic direct agonist you cause stimulation of muscarinic receptors that pull and contract ciliary muscle with stretches and opens the trabecular meshwork and allowing better and more rapid egress of anterior fluid out of the canal of schlemm |
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Definition
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Term
Would you ever want to give a muscarinic agonist systemically to treat glaucoma? |
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Definition
No because you will give muscarinic effects in the whole body not JUST the eye so most of these topically administered |
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Term
We want beta blockers to prevent the stimulation of nerves that produced aqueous fluid (decrease fluid being made) or you give drug that opens up the canal of schlemm |
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Definition
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Term
give a drug that constricts iris to go towards ciiary body to open up angle |
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Definition
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Term
Adverse reactions - Can enter CNS and may cause convulsions in high doses. |
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Definition
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Term
Vomiting, salivation, bradycardia, and respiratory rest from systemic use |
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Definition
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Term
Miosis and allergic irritation from ophthalmalic use |
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Definition
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Term
Adverse reactions – salivation, flushing, decreased BP, diarrhea |
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Definition
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Term
Actions: miosis; muscle paralysis, respiratory arrest ; convulsions, fasiculations |
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Definition
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Term
It is a newer agent similar to isoflurophate
Most used anticholinesterase agent |
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Definition
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Term
similar side effects to pilocarpine |
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Definition
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Term
Eye - Diagnostic use only - Causes mydriasis and cycloplegia. Increases intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
hot as a hare, blind as a bat, dry as a bone, red as a beet, made as a hatter |
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Term
Pulseless Electrical Activity and Asystole it is used after Epinephrine
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Definition
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Term
Bradycardia – First drug used for symptomatic sinus bradycardia |
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Definition
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Term
Improves sinus node and atrioventricular node conduction by inhibiting vagal activity |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
heat prostration- decreased sweating
diarrhea- mainly against M2
gastric ulcer- mainly against M2 |
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Term
May cause drowsiness and usually dry mouth
Possible blurred vision and pupil dilation |
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Definition
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Term
Agent most commonly used to produce anticholinergic effect in lower urinary tract, improves bladder capacity and voiding dysfunction |
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Definition
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Term
how does nicotine act in low doses? |
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Definition
causes euphoria and arousal
can also cause relaxation, improves attention |
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Term
how does nicotine act in high doses |
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Definition
causes respiratory paralysis and hypotension |
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Term
Indication – Surgery to produce complete muscle relaxation |
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Definition
neuromuscular blockers (both of them) |
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Term
Indication- rapid intubation |
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Definition
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Term
adverse effects- malignant hyperthermia |
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Definition
succinyl CoA
depolarizing |
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Term
which receptor does bethanechol work on? |
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Definition
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Term
What is endrophonium's duration like? |
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Definition
short duration
rapidly absorbed, reason it can only be used for diagnosis NOT treatment |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
beef jerky of all stigmines |
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Definition
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Term
anti-secretory, used for treatment of rhinnorhea |
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Definition
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Term
mydriasis & cycloplegia, antispasmodic for bladder and GI, dont use for asthma, long duration |
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Definition
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Term
what receptor does atropine work against? |
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Definition
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Term
antispasmodic, only used for symptoms not treatment |
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Definition
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Term
blocks parasympathetic and sympathetic |
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Definition
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Term
nicotine in low dose stimulates... |
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Definition
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Term
nicotine in high dose does what to ganglionic? |
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Definition
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Term
is turbocurine a quarternary ammonium? |
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Definition
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Term
overstimulated-tachyphylaxis, fast acting, short duration |
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Definition
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Term
which ones are the belladonna alkloids |
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Definition
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Term
which ones are the organophosphate insectisides |
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Definition
indirect agonists (cholinergic) |
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