Term
3 rapid acting insulin analogs ? |
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Definition
L A G Insulin Lispro Insulin Aspart Insulin Glulisine |
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Term
Ex of short-acting insulin ? |
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Definition
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Term
Ex of long-acting insulins ? |
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Definition
Insulin Glargine Insulin Detemir
These two insulins have no peak |
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Term
What is name of protein added to intermediate insulin (NPH) ? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1) Trt severe hypoglycemia 2) Radiology of the bowel 3) Beta-blocker poisoning |
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Term
3 drugs other than insulin that cause hypoglycemia ? |
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Definition
E S B Ethanol Beta-blockers Salicyclates |
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Term
Name 2 first generation sulfonylureas ? |
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Definition
Tolbutamide Chlorpropamide |
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Term
Adverse effects of Chlorpropamide ? |
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Definition
Hypoglycemia Hyperemic flush with alcohol ingestion SIADH |
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Term
3 exs of second generation sulfonylureas ? |
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Definition
G G G
Glyburide Glipizide Glimepiride |
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Term
Sulfonylureas and Meglitinides have what same mechanism of action ? |
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Definition
Stimulate insulin release by binding to SUR1 and inhibiting ATP-sensitive K+ channel |
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Term
Which Meglitinide is more likely to cause hypoglycemia as an adverse effect ? |
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Definition
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Term
Only Biguanide to trt diabetes Type 2 ? |
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Definition
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Term
Exs of 2 Thiazolidinediones ? and adverse effects ? |
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Definition
Pioglitazone Rosiglitazone
Cause fluid retention, weight gain, and edema Cause or exacerbate CHF in some patients |
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Term
Which anti-diabetes drug class can cause frequent GI effects like bloating ? |
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Definition
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors |
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Term
Which anti-diabetes drug can cause lactic acidosis and impair B12 absorption ? |
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Definition
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Term
2 effects of parathyroid hormone secretion ? |
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Definition
Increase plasma calcium Decrease plasma phosphate |
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Term
How does moderate and severe Mg affect PTH secretion ? |
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Definition
Moderate decrease in Mg -> enhance PTH secretion
Severe decrease in Mg -> Decrease in PTH secretion |
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Term
PTH affects both osteoclasts and osteoblasts ? |
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Definition
Yes, by activity on ligand RANKL, a TNF cytokine
High levels of PTH cause bone resorption |
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Term
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Definition
Is a monoclonal antibody and RANK ligand inhibitor and inhibits bone resorption. Used to trt osteoporosis.
Adverse effect is increased risk of infections |
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Term
What form of Vit D is used to treat psoriasis ? |
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Definition
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Term
Overdose of Vit D causes ? |
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Definition
Hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia |
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Term
Another name for Vit D3 ? |
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Definition
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Term
How do Bisphosphonates work ? |
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Definition
Decrease farnensyl pyrophosphate synthesis Useful in trting osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone, and malignancy associated with hypercalcemia
Exs are Alendronate, Pamidronate, Zoledronic acid, etc... |
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Term
Adverse effect of Bisphosphonates ? |
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Definition
1) Erosive esophagitis, can be prevented by two easy ways 2) Decreased bone cell activity 3) Osteonecrosis of jaw and fractures |
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Term
What can be given as trt of htn in osteoporosis patient ? |
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Definition
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Term
Exs of MAOIs (monoamine oxidase inhibitors) ? |
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Definition
P I T S
Phenelzine Isocarboxazid Tranylcypromine Selegiline |
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Term
Adverse effects of MAOIs ? |
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Definition
Drowsiness Orthostatic hypotension Blurred vision Dry mouth Dysuria Constipation
Also associated with SEROTONIN SYNDROME and CHESSE REACTION |
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Term
Cheese reaction occurs b/c ? |
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Definition
Patients on MAO Inhibitor cannot degrade tyramine Get release of catecholamines that cause tachycardia, htn, arrhythmias, seizures, stroke, etc... |
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Term
OTC cold preparations like psudoephedrine should not be given with what drugs ? |
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Definition
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Term
Serotonin Syndrome is due to ? |
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Definition
Any drug combination that increases serotonin but usually due to MAOIs given with SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs or Meperidine |
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Term
Antipsychotic drugs block what receptors ? |
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Definition
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Term
What pathway projects from hypothalamus to pituitary ? |
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Definition
Tuberoinfundibular pathway
Dopamine released from here inhibits prolactin secretion |
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Term
Exs of 4 classical antipsychotics ? |
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Definition
C F H T Chlorpromazine Fluphenazine Haloperidol Thioridazine |
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Term
MOA of classical antipsychotic drugs ? |
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Definition
Block D2 receptors in the mesolimbic pathway |
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Term
Which antipsychotics do not have antiemetic effects ? |
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Definition
Aripiprazole and Thioridazine |
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Term
Trt for tardive dyskinesia ? |
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Definition
Clozapine
Diazepam may help |
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Term
Drugs to trt neurolpetic malignant syndrome (NMS)? |
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Definition
Dantrolene and Bromocriptine |
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Term
What antipsychotic can cause agranulocytosis ? |
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Definition
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Term
What antipsychotic causes retinal deposits ? |
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Definition
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Term
What 2 antipsychotics show cardiac toxicity by prolonging QTc ? |
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Definition
Thioridazine and Ziprasidone |
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Term
Most prescribed antipsychotic in USA ? |
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Definition
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Term
Which antipsychotic is Category B ? |
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Definition
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