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Pharmacology SGU Fall 2013 - Exam 3
Pharmacology SGU Fall 2013 - Exam 3
32
Pharmacology
Professional
12/06/2013

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Term
This hormone decreases GnRH secretion and so decreases spermatogenesis and ovulation ?
Definition
Prolactin
Term
If estrogens are combined with P-450 inducers like Rifampin, then effect is ?
Definition
Decreased contraceptive efficacy
Term
Tamoxifen and Raloxifene are what type of drugs ?
Definition
SERMs (selective estrogen receptor modulators)
Term
Absolute contraindications to estrogen use ?
Definition
1) History of thromboembolism
2) Breast and endometrial cancer
3) Pregnancy
4) Liver disease
Term
What drug is an antagonist at breast but agonist at bone ?
Definition
Raloxifene
Term
What drug is an estrogen receptor antagonist at all tissues, and used in trt of breast cancer in tamoxifen resistant pts ?
Definition
Fulvestrant
Term
3 aromatase inhibitors ?
Definition
L A E
Letrozole
Anastrozole
Exemestane (an irreversible aromatase inhibitor)
Term
What drug is an estrogen antagonist in hypothalamus and in anterior pituitary, and use trt infertility ?
Definition
Clomiphene
Term
Exs of Antiprogestins ?
Definition
RU 486 (Mifepristone)
Danazol
Term
Use of RU 486 (Mifepristone) ?
Definition
Is a comopetitive inhibitor of progesterone and glucocorticoid receptors

Used as an abortifacient, usually given with PG-E or PG-F to increase myometrial contraction
Term
Danazol had what adverse effects ?
Definition
Hepatitis - abnormal liver function tests
Term
What enzyme converts testosterone to digydroxytestosterone ?
Definition
5-alpha-reductase
Term
Ex of natural androgen ?
Definition
Testosterone
Term
Excessive use of androgens can cause ?
Definition
Feminization (gynecomastia, testicular shrinkage, infertility) due to conversion of exogenous testosterone to estrogen
Term
Exs of androgen receptor antagonists ?
Definition
F B N
Flutamide
Bicalutamide
Nilutamide
Term
Adverse effect of Finasteride ?
Definition
Gynecomastia and impotence
Term
Use of Ketoconazole ?
Definition
Trts advanced prostate cancer that is resistant to 1st line drugs and
trts Cushing's disease
Term
Two exs of GnRH agonists ?
Definition
L G
Leuprolide
Gonadorelin

Continuous dose (not pulsatile dose) will produce reversible medical castration
Term
Trts BPH and male pattern baldness
Definition
Finasteride
Term
Queen Anne's sign (thinning of hair in lateral third of eye brow) indicates what ?
Definition
Hypothyroidism
Term
3 classes of drugs useful in hyperthyroidism ?
Definition
T I B
Thioamides (Propythiouracil and Methimazole, are goitrogens)

Iodine and Iodide salts (Lugol solution and potassium iodide)

Beta blocker (propanolol)
Term
Why can Methimazole not be used to treat thyroid storm ?
Definition
It does not inhibit 5'-deiodinase in conversion of T4 to T3
Term
Only medical therapy that produces permanent reduction in thyroid activity ?
Definition
Radioactive iodine (131 I)

Adverse effect is hypothyroidism
Term
Exs of glucocorticoids ?
Definition
Prednisone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, beclomethasone, etc...
Term
Two corticosteroid inhibitors ?
Definition
Mifepristone and Spironolactone
Term
Cortisol (hydrocortisone) method of action ?
Definition
Affects transcription and translation of DNA
Term
Some other effects of cortisol ?
Definition
CNS effects, increased intracranial pressure, suppression of ACTH and other hormones, cause peptic ulcers

increase RBCs and platelets
renal function is impaired
development of fetal lungs
Term
Two synthetic glucocorticoids that can be given via aerosol ?
Definition
Beclomethasone
Triamcinolone
Term
Which 2 drugs give you anti-inflammatory effects but not Na+ or K+ effects (salt-retaining effects) ?
Definition
Triamcinolone
Dexamethasone
Term
Which 2 drugs give you high salt-retaining effects but no anti-inflammatory effects ?
Definition
Fludrocortisone
Aldosterone
Term
What drug is used to stimulate lung maturation in fetus ?
Definition
IM steroids, usually dexamethasone
Term
What drug can be given to trt pregnant women with Cushing's ?
Definition
Metyrapone

Adverse effects:
salt and water retention
hirsutism
transient dizziness
GI disturbanecs
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