Term
Osmotic diuretic
Used in shock, and drug overdose. Used to lower the intracranial pressure. |
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Definition
Mannitol
Will increase serum osmolarity, and will get hypernatremia because losing free water |
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Term
| Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. Used to help with altitude sickness |
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Definition
Acetazolamide
During altitude sickness, you get respiratory alkalosis with too much HCO3. Inhibiting CA will decrease HCO3 creation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Blocks the NKCC transport in the thick ascending loop of henle |
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Definition
Loops diuretics:
Furosemide
Torsemide
Bumetanide
Mainly used in edematous states like CHF, cirrhosis. Used to getting rid of a lot of water fast.
Toxicity ("OH DANG")
Ototoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Contraindicated in patients with sulfa allergy.
Durgs increase calcium excretion because loops lose calcium |
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Term
| Inhibits NCC in distal convoluted tubule |
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Definition
Thiazides:
Hydrochlorothiazide HCTZ
First line treatment for essential hypertension
Reduces diluting capacity of the nephron
Does not lose calcium. results in more calcium in the serum, decreased calcium in the urine
Hyper-GLUC:
Hyper glycemia
hyper lipidemia
hyper uricemia
hyper calcemia |
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Term
| Loop diuretic that is not a sulfa drug |
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Definition
Ethacrynic acid
Causes hyperuricemia, and causes acute gout |
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Term
| Potassium sparing diurectics |
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Definition
Spironolactone
Eplerenone
Don't antagonize aldosterone but block the Na channels in the CCT:
Triamterene
Amiloride
Toxicity:
Hyperkalemia
Endocrine affects with aoldosterone antagonists. Spironolactone can cause gynecomastia, antiandrogen effects
Eplerenone does not have anti-androgen effects |
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Term
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Definition
demeclocycline
ADh antagonist
Toxicity:
Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus |
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Term
Diabetes insipidus treatment
Central and Nephrogenic |
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Definition
Central: intranasal vasopressin
Nephrogenic: hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride |
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