Term
| Beta Blockers (propanolol, metoprolol, atenolol): mechanism of action |
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Definition
| blockade of endogenous epi and norepi, decreases contractility and heart rate --> decreases myocardial oxygen demand |
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Term
| Beta Blockers (propanolol, metoprolol, atenolol): Indications and Pharmacokinetics (+ selectivity) |
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Definition
Long-term therapy for angina
- propanolol is a prototype w/ activity at both beta receptors, but has a short half-life so used more short-term
- metroprolol relatively selective beta1 blocker at low doses; can be taken once/day
- atenolol - selective b1 blocker w/ longest half-life
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Term
| Beta Blockers (propanolol, metoprolol, atenolol): Side effects |
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Definition
- contraindicated for patients w/ heart block
- contraindicated in patients w/ supraventricular arrhythmias due to WPWS
- Can worsen bronchospasm
- can mask hypoglycemia of diabetics
- cause sleep disorders w/ vivid nightmares
- withdrawal supersensitivity following abrupt discontinuation
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Term
| Ca channel blockers to treat angina (Diltiazem and Nifedipine): mechanism of action |
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Definition
bind directly to Ca channel reducing its activity and Ca influx
inhibits coronary artery vasospasm
Cardiosparing |
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Term
| Ca channel blockers to treat angina (Diltiazem and Nifedipine): indications |
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Definition
inhibit coronary artery vasospasm
negative inotropic activity |
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Term
| Ca channel blockers to treat angina (Diltiazem and Nifedipine): Side-effects |
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Definition
- inhibitory effect on smooth muscles: hypotension, peripheral edema, constipation
- contraindicated in patients w/ CHF, SA node, and AV nodal disease
- contraindicated in patients w/ WPWS
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Term
| Ca channel blockers to treat angina (Diltiazem and Nifedipine): pharmacokinetics |
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Definition
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