Term
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Definition
othe sequence of events through which a disease develops nIncludes factors that influence the development of a disease ie immune status |
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Definition
oThe determination of the disease producing symptoms in a patient |
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Differential diagnosis (Ddx) |
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Definition
olist of possible diseases possessing the same or similar symptoms |
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oobjective evidence of disease and/or specific recognizable abnormalities |
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othe probable result or outcome of a disease |
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the prevention of disease |
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Term
Intrinsic Causes of Disease
(Internal) |
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Definition
Congenital Congenital Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Neoplastic Disease Immunologic Disease Aging |
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Extrinsic Causes of Disease
(External/Environmental) |
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Definition
o- Non-living agents nMechanical (trauma) nThermal (heat/cold) nRadiation, electricity nPoisons, chemicals o - Living agents nViruses nBacteria nFungi nRickettsia nProtozoans nParasites pInternal pExternal o - Nutritional Deficiencies |
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Term
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Definition
Hydropic degeneration: cells absorb excess fluid in the cytoplasm causing more severe swelling than cloudy swelling |
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Term
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Definition
nSteatosis: fatty degeneration consisting of the accumulation of fat in cells |
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Term
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Definition
nHyalinosis: hyaline degeneration, consisting of the accumulation of droplets that are acidophilic, homogenous and translucent |
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Definition
nAmyloidosis: amyloid degeneration, consisting of an accumulation of amyloid between cells and fibers of tissues and organs |
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Definition
nconversion of connective tissues into a gelatinous substance |
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Term
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Definition
programmed cell death. Can be normal
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nlack of blood flow resulting in a lack of oxygen to an area |
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| Common causes of necrosis |
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Definition
Ischemia Toxicity Physical environment Infection/infectious agents nGenetic abnormalities nAltered metabolism |
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Definition
nucleus shrinks and becomes dense |
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Term
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Definition
onucleus breaks into small fragments and pieces can be seen throughout the cytoplasm if stained |
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Term
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Definition
onucleus dissolves and cannot be seen with staining |
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Term
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Definition
othe cytoplasm thickens and details within the cell are lost nTissues feel firm and dry nCell membrane remains intact o |
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Term
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Definition
ocells liquefy and form pus nOften associated with bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
ostructural details of the tissue are replaced with dry, granular, cheesy material |
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Term
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Definition
oInjury to fat cells causes fatty acids to be converted to soaps |
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Definition
ocombination of ischemia and bacterial infection |
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Definition
oincrease in cell size without increase in cell number |
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Definition
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oabsence or abnormal development of a part due to deficient growth |
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total failure of an organ to develop |
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ndeficiency of growth during development |
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oreduction of size of a fully developed tissue |
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Term
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Definition
replacement of one cell type into another type that is abnormal for the area; may progress into dysplasia |
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Definition
abnormal differentiation or development of a tissue with abnormal architecture; may progress into neoplasia |
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Definition
oGrowth of an abnormal tissue; cancer |
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Term
| Pathological mineralization |
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Definition
oabnormal deposition of mineral salts, particularly calcium. |
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Term
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Definition
ncalcium is deposited in injured, degenerating or necrotic tissue pMost common form pUsually irreversible |
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Term
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Definition
ndeposition of calcium in soft tissues that have not been previously damaged pOften associated with hypercalcemia (elevated blood calcium levels) |
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Definition
nformation of localized deposits of calcium on the extremities due to pressure |
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Definition
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| Heterotopic bone formation |
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Definition
pformation of bone where there is usually cartilage |
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Definition
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formation of stones in a hollow organ |
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| Pathological pigmentation |
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Definition
oaccumulation of an abnormal amount of pigment in tissue cells or fluids |
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Term
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Definition
mostly occupational hazards |
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ninhalation of carbon (black lung disease) |
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inhalation of silica dust |
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accumulation of silver in the skin/ tissues |
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naccumulation of lead in the skin/tissues pSeen in avian practices- lead poisoning from ingestion of lead either directly or in predatory birds by ingesting a bird that had already ingested lead |
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Definition
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nbrown/black pigment made by melanocytes |
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| Lipochromes (lipofuscin and ceroid |
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Definition
nyellow/brown pigments made from breakdown of fatty acids and cell membranes |
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Definition
ngolden brown pigment used for iron storage |
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Term
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Definition
bluish/black pigment containing Fe3+ form of iron
Methemoglobin: contains hematin instead of Fe2+ iron and is less capable of carrying oxygen
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Term
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nred/brown pigment resulting from inability to produce hemoglobin; photosensitive |
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nbroken down into biliverdin pExcessive bilirubin causes icterus (jaundice) |
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Definition
ngolden brown pigment found in scars and necrotic debris |
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