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Pharmacology DHI
Chapter 1
37
Health Care
Not Applicable
01/18/2012

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Term
Adverse Effect
Definition
general term for undesirable and potentially harmful drug effect
Term
agonist
Definition

drug that binds to a receptor and activates a physicologic response or drung action

 

Term
antagonist
Definition
drug that binds ot a receptor and interferes with other drugs or substances from producing a drug effect
Term
chemical name
Definition
name that defines the chemical compostion of a drug
Term
contraindications
Definition
situations or conditions when a certain drug should not be administered
Term
dose
Definition
a measurement of the amount of drug that is administered
Term
controlled substance
Definition
drug that has the potential for abuse and thus is regulated by law
Term
drug
Definition
chemical substance that produces a change in body function
Term
drug indications
Definition
intended or indicated uses for any drug
Term
ED50
Definition
effective dose 50, or the dose that will produce an effect that is half of the maximal response
Term
generic name
Definition
non-proprietary name of a drug
Term
LD50
Definition
lethal dose 50 or dose that will kill 50 percent of the laboratory animals tested
Term
mechanism of action
Definition
explanation of how a drug produces its effects
Term
nonprescription, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs
Definition
drug that can be purchased without the services of a physician
Term
pharmacology
Definition
study of drugs
Term
potency
Definition
measure of the strength, or concentration of a drug required to produce a specific effect
Term
prescription drug (Rx)
Definition
drug for which dispensing requires a written or phone order that can only be issued by or under the direction of a licensed physician
Term
receptor
Definition
specific cellular structure that a drug binds to and that produces a physiologic effect
Term
side effect
Definition
drug effect that the therapeutic effect that is usually undesirable but not harmful
Term
site of action
Definition
location within the body where a drug exerts its therapeutic effect, often a specific drug receptor
Term
therapeutic effect
Definition
desired effect to alleviate some condition or symptom of disease
Term
therapeutic index (TI)
Definition
ratio of the lethal dose 50 to the effective dose 50 in animal studies
Term
toxic effect
Definition
undesirable drug effect the implies drug poisoning; can be very harmful or life-threatening
Term
trade name/brand name
Definition
patented proprietary mane of a drug by a specific drug manufacture; also referred to as the brand name
Term
pharmacodynamics
Definition
study of drugs on living tissue
Term
pharmacokinetics
Definition
study of the processes of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion
Term
pharmacotherapeutics
Definition
study of the use of drugs in treating disease
Term
pharmacy
Definition
science of preparing and dispensing medications
Term
posology
Definition
study of the amount of drug that is required to produce therapeutic effects
Term
toxicology
Definition
study of the harmful effects of drugs on living tissues
Term
drug schedule I
Definition
drugs with high abuse potential and NO accepted medical use
Term
drug schedule II
Definition
drugs with high abuse potential and ACCEPTED medical use
Term
drug schedule III
Definition
drugs with moderate abuse potential and accepted medical use
Term
drug schedule IV
Definition
drugs with a low abuse potential and accepted medical use
Term
drug schedule V
Definition
drugs with limited abuse potential and accepted medical use
Term
idiosyncrasy
Definition
an individual reaction to a drug with and unusual or unexpected response
Term
drug allergy
Definition
occurs when an individual becomes sensitive to a particular drug and produces antibodies against the drug.
(subsequent administration of the drug leads to antigen-antibody reaction, mostly the inflammatory reaction)
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