Term
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Definition
| Pain that is sudden inset, usually subsides when treated, and typically occurs over less than a 6 week period. |
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Definition
| Psychologic dependence on a substance, usually resulting from habitual use, that is beyond normal voluntary control (same as psychologic dependence.) |
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Definition
Drugs that are added as a second drug for combined therapy with a primary drug and may have addictive or independent analgesic properies or both. |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance that binds to a receptor and causes a response. |
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Term
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Definition
| A substance that binds to a receptor and causes a partial response that is not as strong as that caused by an agonist (also known as a partial agonist.) |
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Definition
| What occurs when a given pain drug no longer effectively controls a patient's pain despite the administration of the highest safe dosage. |
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Definition
| Medications that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness (sometimes referred to as pain killers.) |
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Definition
| A drug that binds to a receptor and prevents (blocks) a response. |
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Definition
| Pain resulting from any of a variety of causes related to cancer and/or the metastasis of cancer. |
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Definition
| Pain resulting from any disorder that causes central nervous system (CNS) damage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Persistent or recurring pain that is often difficult to treat. Typically it is pain that lasts 3-6 months. |
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Term
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Definition
| The most common and well-described theory of pain transmission and pain relief. It uses a gate model to explain how impulses from damaged tissues are sensed in the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain that results from a disturbance of function or pathologic change in a nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| Analgesics that are not classified as opiods. |
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Term
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) |
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Definition
| A large, chemically diverse group of drugs that are analgesics and also possess anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity but are not steroids. |
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Term
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Definition
| Natural narcotic drug containing or derived from opium that binds to opiate receptors in the brain to relieve pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Synthetic narcotic drugs that bind to opiate receptors to relieve pain but are not themselves derived from the opium plant. |
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Term
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Definition
| Describes patients who are receiving opioid analgesics for the first time and who therefore are not accustomed to their effects. |
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Term
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Definition
| A normal physiologic condition that results from long-term opioid use, in which larger doses of opoids are required to maintain the same level of analgesia and in which abrupt discontinuation of the drug results in withdrawal symptoms (same as physical dependence.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Opposite of opioid-naive; describes patients who have been receiving opioid analgesics (legally or otherwise)for an extended period of time and who are therefore at greater risk of opioid withdrawal syndrome upon sudden discontinuation of opioid use. |
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Term
| opioid withdrawal (opioid abstinence syndrome) |
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Definition
| The signs and symptoms associated with abstinence from or withdrawal of an opioid analgesic when the body has become physically dependent on the substance. |
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Term
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Definition
| An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Pain is subjective and individual experience; it can be defined as whatever the person experiencing says it is, and it exists whenever he or she says it does. |
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Term
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Definition
| A level of a stimulus that results in the perception of pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of pain a patient can endure without its interfering with normal functions. |
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Term
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Definition
| A drug that binds to a receptor and causes an activation response that is less than that caused by a full agonist. For all practical purposes, the terms mixed agonist and agonist-antagonist are synonymous with partial agaonist, although a few advanced references distinguish further between these terms. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain experienced in the area of a body part that has been surgically or traumatically removed. |
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Term
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Definition
| The physical adaptation of the body to the presence of an opioid or other addictive substance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain that is of psychologic origin but is actual pain in the sense that pain impulses travel through nerve cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| A pattern of compulsive use of opioids or any other addictive substance characterized by a continuous craving for the substance and the need to use it for effects other than pain relief. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain occurring in an area away from the organ of origin. |
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Definition
| Pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments or joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| General term for pain control situation that is complex and whose treatment typically involves multiple medication,, various health care personnel, and non-pharmacologic therapeutic modalities (massage, chiropractic care, surgery.) |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain that originates from the skin or mucous membranes. |
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Definition
| Pain that results from a pathology of the vascular or perivascular tissues. |
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Definition
| Pain that originates from organs or smooth muscles. |
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Term
| World Health Organization (WHO) |
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Definition
| An international body of health care professionals, including clinicians and epidemiologists among many others, that studies and responds to health needs and trends worldwide. |
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