Term
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Definition
Having or pertaining to the ability to destory of interfere with the development of a living organism. The term is used most commonly to refer to antibacterial drugs |
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Term
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Definition
| One of two types of topical antimicrobial agent; a chemical that inhibits the growth and reproduction of microorganisms without necessarily killing. Antiseptics are also called static agents. |
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Term
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Definition
| Antibiotics that kill bacteria. |
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Term
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Definition
| Antibiotics that do not actually kill bacteria but rather inhibit their growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| The designation for a broad, major class of antibiotics that includes four subclasses: penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams; so named because of the beta-lactam ring that is part of the chemical structure of all drugs in this class. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any of a group of enzymes produced by bacteria that catalyze the chemical opening of the crucial beta-lactam ring structures in beta-lactam antibiotics. |
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Term
Beta-lactamase inhibitors |
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Definition
| Medications combined with certain penicillin drugs to block the effect of beta-lactamase enzymes. |
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Term
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Definition
| The establishment and growth of microorganisms on the skin, open wounds, or mucous membranes, or in secretions without causing adverse clinical signs or symptoms. |
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Term
Community-associated infection |
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Definition
| An infection that is acquired by persons who have not been hospitalized or had a medical procedure recently. (within the past year). |
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Term
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Definition
| The administration of antibiotics based on known results of culture and sensitivity testing identifying the pathogen causing infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| One or two types of topical antimicrobial agent; a chemical applied to nonliving objects to kill microorganisms. also called cidal agents. |
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Term
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Definition
| The administation of antibiotics based on the practitioner's judgment of the pathogens most likely to be causing an apparent infection; it involves the presumptive treatment of an infection to avoid treatment delay before specific culture information has been obtained. |
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Term
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency |
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Definition
| An inherited disorder in which the red blood cells are partially of completely deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, a critical enzyme in the metabolism of glucose. Certain medications can cause hemolytic anemia in patients with this disorder. This is an example of a host factor related to drug therapy. |
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Term
Health care-associated infection |
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Definition
| An infection that is acquired during the course of receiving treatment for another condition in a health care facility. The infection is not present or incubating at the time of admission. |
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Term
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Definition
| Factors that are unique to the body of a particular patient that affect the patient's susceptibility to infection and response to various antibiotic drugs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Invasions and multiplications of microorganisms in body tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| Microscopic living organisms (also called microbes). |
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Term
Prophylactic antibiotic therapy |
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Definition
| Antibiotics taken before anticipated exposure to an infectious organism in an effort to prevent the development of infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| A necrotizing inflammatory bowel condition that is often associated with antibiotic therapy. A more general term that is also used is antibiotic-associated colitis. |
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Term
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Definition
| A common genetic host factor in which the rate of metabolism of certain drugs is reduced. |
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Term
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Definition
| Referring to antibiotic treatment that is ineffective in treating a given infection. Possible causes include inappropriate drug therapy, insufficient drug dosing, and bacterial drug resistance. |
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Term
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Definition
| (1) An infection occurring during antimicrobial treatment for another infection, resulting from overgrowth of an organism susceptible to the antibiotic used. (2) A secondary microbial infection that occurs in addition to an earlier primary infection, often due to weakening of the patient's immune system function by the first infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| Substances that can interfere with normal prenatal development and cause on or more developmental abnormalities in the fetus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Referring to antibiotic therapy that results in sufficient concentrations of the durg in the blood or other tissues to render it effective against specific bacterial pathogens. |
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