Term
| parkinson's characteristics |
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Definition
ABNORMAL MOVEMENTS & POSTURAL CHANGES
-tremors
-bradykinesia
-joint/muscular rigidity
-postural instability
-akinesia or inability to move
-rigid limbs
-shuffling gait
-stooped posture
-reduce facial expression
-soft speaking voice
DEGENRATIVE DISORDER OF THE CNS
PROGRESSIVELY GETS WORSE OVER TIME
IDIOPATHIC
EFFECTS MEN MORE THAN WOMEN |
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Term
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Definition
| increase dopamine, inhibit re-uptake, slow down inactivation of dopamine |
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Term
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Definition
| decrease effects of acetylcholine which in affect decreases an excess of acetylcholine compared to dopamine. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a chronic progressive degenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability |
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Term
| substantia nigra basil ganglia |
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Definition
| Idiopathic PD results from progressice destruction of or degenerative changes in dopamine producing cells in the ________ _________ of the _____ _______; the area in the midbrain that controls smooth voluntary movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| THe first symptom of PD is often a ____ ____ that begins in the fingers and thumb of one hand (pill rolling). |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs ised in PD treatment help correct the neurotransmotter imbalance by ____ the levels of dopamine. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dopaminergic drugs ______ the amount of dopamine in the brain by various mechanisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| inhibits metabolism of dopamine by monoamine oxidase |
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Term
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Definition
| ergot derivative that directly stimulates dopamine receptors in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| Most effective drug available for the treatment of PD |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Synthetic antiviral agent initially used to prevent influenza A virus |
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Term
| Dopamine & Acetylcholine Roles |
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Definition
Dopamine = inhibitory
Acetylcholine = excitatory
These two neurotransmitors must be in balance to regulate posture, muscle control, and voluntary movement. In PD there is a decrease in inhib. dopamine and an incr. in excite acetylcholine |
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Term
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Definition
| Drugs used in parkinsons disease help to correct the neurotransmittor imbalance in the substantia nigra of the basil ganglia. By increasing levels of dopamine (dopaminergic drgus) or inhibiting the actions of acetylcholein in the brain (anticholinergic drugs) |
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Term
| FDA black box warning for Selegiline transdermal |
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Definition
| FDA issued a black box warning because of an increased risk of suicidality in children & adolescents when treated with this drug as an antidepressant |
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Term
| Why is Levodopa contraindicative for those with narrow angle glaucoma? |
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Definition
| Levodopa increases introcular pressure and dilate pupils |
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Term
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Definition
| The newest MAO inhibitor. Indicated for initial treatment of idiopathic PD and as adjunct therapy with levodopa. |
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Term
| Tyramine containing foods |
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Definition
| Rasagiline may or may not effect MAO-B in humans therefore care should be taken with ingestion of tyramine containing foods. |
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Term
| Rasagiline and antidepressants |
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Definition
| Rasagiline has to ability to increase serotonin neurotransmissions. Given with drugs that inhance stimulation of serotonergic receptors it can cause serotonin syndrome. Leads to hyperpyrexia and death. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ekbom's Syndrome - restless leg syndrome. Tingling, burning, creeping, or prickling feeling particularly in the calfs and legs. May result in insomnia, mental distress, and sometimes suicide. |
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Term
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Definition
| Dopaminergic drugs may be prescribed for Ekbom's (Levodopa, cabergoline, pramipexole, ropinirole, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
| increases dopamine activity by increasing dopamine release and reducing neuronal reuptake. |
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Term
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Definition
| Apomorphine increases dopamine activity by directly stimulating ________ ____________. |
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Term
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Definition
| Parkinsonism is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a deficit of _____ and a relative excess of ______. |
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Term
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Definition
| liver function should be monitored. Check liver enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
| Amantadine is excreted by kidneys. Patients with renal failure need close monitoring. |
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Term
| Levodopa/Carbidopa dosage with aging |
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Definition
| As a person ages their AADC enzyme level decreases. AADC is responsible for levodopa breakdown. Therefore doasge is expected to be reduced with aging. |
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Term
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Definition
| The minimal dose that allows client to function adequately. |
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Term
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Definition
| Levodopa/Carbidopa is most effective with bradykinesia and rigidity. However because it becomes ineffective after 5 to 7 years of use the prescription is delayed as long as possible. |
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Term
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Definition
| Acetylcholine is used with caution in the elderly because it may impair ___ ___. |
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Term
| Anticholinergic drugs help to |
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Definition
| reduce salivation, spasicity, & tremors |
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