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Pharmacology 2 Unit 7
Opthalmic and Otic Medications
101
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 1
11/15/2013

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Term
Diamox
Definition
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Term
brinzolamide (Azopt)
Definition
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
Term
pilocarpine (Isoptocarpine)
Definition
Cholinergic Agent
Term
carbachil (Miostat)
Definition
Cholinergic Agent
Term
Phenylephrine
Definition
Adrenergic Agent
Term
brimonidine (Alphagan P)
Definition
Adrenergic Agent
Term
tetraahydrozoline hydrochloride (Murine Tears Plus)
Definition
Adrenergic Agent
Term
timolol (Timoptic)
Definition
Beta Adrenergic Antagonist
Term
betaxolol (Betoptic)
Definition
Beta Adrenergic Antagonist
Term
carteolol (Ocupress)
Definition
Beta Adrenergic Antagonist
Term
glycerin
Definition
Osmotic Agent
Term
mannitol
Definition
Osmotic Agent
Term
urea
Definition
Osmotic Agent
Term
bimatoprost (Lumigan)
Definition
Prostaglandins Agonist
Term
latanoprost (Xalatan)
Definition
Prostaglandins Agonist
Term
isopto-atropine sulfate (Isopto,Atropine)
Definition
Anticholinergic Opthalmic Agent
Term
tropicamide (Mydriacyl)
Definition
Anticholinergic Ophthalmic Agent
Term
natamycin
Definition
Antifungal Agent
Term
ganciclovir (Virasert)
Definition
Antiviral Agent
Term
azelastine (Optivar)
Definition
Antihistamines Ophthalmic
Term
olopatadine (Patanol)
Definition
Antihistamines Ophthalmic
Term
ketorolac
Definition
Corticosteroid
Term
dexamethasone (Maxidex)
Definition
Corticosteroid
Term
prednisolone (Omnipred)
Definition
Corticosteroid
Term
fluoroquinolones-ciprofloxacin
Definition
Antibacterial
Term
gentamycin
Definition
Antibacterial
Term
tobramycin
Definition
Antibacterial
Term
Fluorescein
Definition
Diagnostic Agent
Term
lidocaine (Aketen)
Definition
Ophthalmic Anesthetic
Term
proparacaine (Ophtaine)
Definition
Ophthalmic Anesthetic
Term
Restasis
Definition
Cyclosporine
Term
Tears Plus
Definition
Artificial Tear Ophthalmic Solution
Term
Tears Naturale
Definition
Artificial Tear Ophthalmic Solution
Term
Murine
Definition
Artificial Tear Ophthalmic Solution
Term
Eye-Stream
Definition
Ophthalmic Irrigant
Term
Blinx
Definition
Ophthalmic Irrigant
Term
Optigene
Definition
Ophthalmic Irrigant
Term
ciprofloxacin (Centraxal)
Definition
Antibiotic (otic)
Term
ofloxacin (Floxin Otic)
Definition
Antibiotic (otic)
Term
neomycin sulfate
Definition
Antibiotic (otic)
Term
bacitracin zinc
Definition
Antibiotic (otic)
Term
polymixin b sulfate (otic)
Definition
Antibiotics (otic)
Term
neomycin and polymycin
Definition
Antibiotic (otic)
Term
dexamethasone
Definition
Otic Anti-inflammatory
Term
hydrocortisone/cortisporin
Definition
Otic Anti-inflammatory
Term
benzocaine (Otocaine)
Definition
Local Otic Analgesic
Term
Auralgan
Definition
combo of acetic acid, antipyrine,benzocaine and polycosanol
Term
carbamide peroxide (Debrox)
Definition
Otic Wax Emulsifier
Term
triethanolamine polypeptide oleate (Cerumenex)
Definition
Otic Wax Emulsifier
Term
Debrox
Definition
Otic Wax Emulsifier (will foam on contact with earwax)
Term
Miosis
Definition
contraction of dilator muscle-pupils narrow
Term
Mydriatic
Definition
relaxation of dilator muscle-pupils widen-can blur vision
Term
Cycloplegia
Definition
results from paralysis of the ciliary muscles- cannot blink
Term
Glaucoma
Definition
abnormal elevated IOP
Term
IOP
Definition
intraocular pressure
Term
open angle glaucoma
Definition
prevents outflow of aqueous humor through trabecular network out canal of Schlemm (most common)
Term
Aqueous humor
Definition
the fluid that bathes and feeds the lens, posterior surface of the cornea and iris
Term
What is the goal of treatment for glaucoma?
Definition
reduce intraocular pressure/prevent blindness
Term
Osmotic Agents
Definition
used in treatment of acute narrow angle glaucoma retinal detachment, cataract extraction
Term
Carbonic Anyhydrase Inhibitors
Definition
decreases the production of aqueous humor
Term
Cholinergic Agents
Definition
lowers IOP, widens filtration angle and permits more aqueous humor drainage
Term
Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Definition
treats open angle glaucoma
Term
Adrenergic Agents
Definition
(Mydriatic) opthalmic surgery and exams, gets the red out
Term
Beta adrenergic antagonists
Definition
reduce elevated IOP by lowering the production of aqueous humor
Term
Prostaglandins Agonists
Definition
increase the outflow of aqueous humor, reducing IOP
Term
Anticholinergic opthalmic agents
Definition
(Mydriatic) used to examine eyes
Term
Antifungal agents
Definition
treats fungal infections (mycotic),(candidiasis),(histoplasmosis)
Term
Antiviral agents
Definition
inhibits virus from replication, treats Herpes simplex and keratitis
Term
Antihastamines opthalmics
Definition
for relief of itching,edema,tearing(ex. conjunctivitis)
Term
Corticosteroids
Definition
anti-inflammatory, for relief of pain and discomfort that may accompany ocular infections, trauma and allergic disorders
Term
What is the side effects of corticosteroids?
Definition
decreased defense mechanisms, reduced resistance to pathological organisms, temporary, eyes need checked for IOP
Term
NSAIDS
Definition
anti-inflammatory, treats post-operative inflammation and allergic reactions
Term
Antibacterial (optic)
Definition
ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, tobramycin, Bacitracin
Term
Diagnostic agent
Definition
used to detect foreign bodies in the eye and abraded areas or the cornea, stains tissue yellow temporarily
Term
Opthalmic Anesthetics
Definition
used in procedures where a topical anesthetic/analgesic is required
Term
cyclosporine (Restasis)
Definition
used to treat keratoconjunctivitis (chronic dry eye)
Term
Artificial Tear Ophthalmic Solutions
Definition
used to mimic natural tear secretions of the eye
Term
Ophthalmic Irrigants
Definition
used to soothe and cleanse the eye
Term
Otic Anti-inflammatory drugs
Definition
treats otitis media
Term
What is the most commonly used adrenergic agent?
Definition
Phenylephrine
Term
Side-effects of Beta Blockers?
Definition
tearing,conjunctival irritation, bradycardia,decreased blood pressure
Term
What are the opthalmic irrigants?
Definition
Eye Stream,Blinx,Optigene
Term
What optic medications last longer?
Definition
ointments
Term
How is Macugen administrated?
Definition
parenteral shot in eye
Term
Where do you instill optic medications?
Definition
lower conjunctival sac
Term
Which drugs decrease production of aqueous humor?
Definition
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors and Beta Blockers
Term
Which drug treats narrow angle glaucoma,retinal detachment,cataract extraction?
Definition
Osmotic Agents
Term
Which drug permits more drainage of aqueous humor?
Definition
Cholinergic and Prostaglandins Agonists
Term
Which drugs are Mydriatic?
Definition
Adrenergic Agents and Anticholinergic Opthalmic Agents
Term
Adverse-effects of Prostaglandins Agonists?
Definition
permanent darkening of the iris and skin around eyelids
Term
What drug is contraindicated in patients with glaucoma?
Definition
Anticholinergic Opthalmic Agents
Term
What drug is contraindicated in infections?
Definition
Corticosteroids
Term
What is the most common ear disorder?
Definition
Otitis Media
Term
AU
Definition
each ear
Term
AD
Definition
right ear
Term
AS
Definition
left ear
Term
Which way do you pull the ear on a child to give meds?
Definition
down and back
Term
Which way do you pull the ear on a adult to give meds?
Definition
up and back
Term
Side-effects of Antimicrobial Otic Preparations?
Definition
stinging,burning upon application,localized redness,pruritus
Term
Adverse-effects of Antimicrobial Otic Preparations?
Definition
Anaphylaxis,Superinfections,Fungal infections,Ototoxicity
Term
How long should solution stay in ear canal?
Definition
at least 15 minutes
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