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| What does ADME stand for? |
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Definition
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination |
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| Calculation of drug dosages for individual patients, based on... |
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Definition
| parameters of pt and drug |
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| Why use the One-Compartment Model? |
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Definition
| It has first order kinetics and is the simplest. It does not apply to all drugs, but it works for most. |
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Term
If you do this experiment what do you observe?
EXPERIMENT: Inject drug IV at time = zero. Determining [drug] at various times. |
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Definition
[Drug]-reaches peak instantaneously
[drug]-drops expoenentially, drops to half its value in t1/2 and can calculate t1/2 anywhere along graph |
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Definition
| elimination half-life (units in hr) |
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| What is the definition of Vd (Volume of Distribution)? |
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Definition
-Apparent volume of distribution
Volume of distribution= Amount of Drug Given/Concentration of drug at Time Zero |
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| Concentration of Drug at time zero |
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| elimination rate constant |
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| What is an apparent or virtual quantity, like Vd? It is the apparent volume of plasma from which the drug is completely cleared in a given time. |
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| What are some important factors for Cl? |
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Definition
-Varies between pts
-Sum of renal, hepatic, etc.
-Depends on blood flow, organ function, weight, genetics, etc |
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| Area Under Curve of [Drug] vs. time plot |
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| FRACTION OF UNCHANGED DRUG THAT REACHES PLASMA FOLLOWING ADMINISTRATION. |
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Term
| In oral administration or most administration besides for IV, when can t1/2 be determined? |
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Definition
| It can not be determined until absorption is complete, even at peak absorption is not complete and will get wrong t1/2 |
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| When doing a continuous infusion, how can you calculate t1/2? |
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Definition
| When 50% of the steady state [drug] is achieved |
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IN=OUT
Rate of drug going in=rate of drug eliminated |
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Definition
| Loading dose to reach Css quickly |
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Definition
number of time drug is taken in 24 hr period,
1 per day: tau=24
2 per day: tau=12
etc |
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Term
| higher k and longer tau means |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the goals in adjusting dosing regiment? |
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Definition
-[Drug]> Minimum effective concentration as much of the time as possible
-[Drug]< Maximum toxic concentration at all times
-tau such that good pt compliance is lkely |
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