Term
| ocular diseaes in the front |
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Definition
-infection/inflammation
-cataract/dry eye
-cornea, anterior/posterior chambers, lens, iris, ciliary body |
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Term
| ocular diseases in the back |
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Definition
-infection/inflammation
-retina/macular diseases |
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Term
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Definition
-infections, inflammation, anesthesia
-corneal penetration barrir |
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Term
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Definition
-front-little vasculature, very high plasma concentration
-back-blood retina barrier (btw retina and choriod) |
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Term
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Definition
-front (solutions, suspensions, ointments, gels, inserts)
-back (injectable solutions/suspensions, inplants) |
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Term
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Definition
-buffering
-tonicity
-viscosity
-sterility
-preservation
-packaging
-particulate matter less than 10 micromole |
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Term
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Definition
-pH of tear fluid 7.4
-solubility
-stability
-buffer capacity
-tonicity (hypertonic preferred)
-ionic strength (impact on preservative efficacy and drug solubility/stability, non electrolyte tonicity agents) |
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Term
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Definition
-tear drainage
-contact time
-suspension |
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Term
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Definition
-blurred vision
-residues on eye
-resuspension
-sterile filtration |
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Term
| viscosity increasing agents |
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Definition
-methylcellulose, HPMC, PVA
-tear replacement or eye lubrication |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-terminal sterilization preferred
-aseptic process |
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Term
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Definition
-borate/EDTA (enhances antimicrobials)
-benzalkonium chloride (most common) |
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Term
| plastic containers multi dose |
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Definition
-built in dropper
-must contain preservatives
-2-30ml
-preservative free design (sac doesnt recoil) |
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Term
| plastic containers unit dose |
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Definition
-form-fill-seal process
-preservative free
-discard the unsused portion |
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Term
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Definition
-wash hands and tilt head back
-use dropper that comes with bottle
-pull down the lower eye lid
-look up before administering
-drop 1-2 drops into eyelid pocket
-close eye to allow med to spread |
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Term
| administration precautions |
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Definition
-contamination
-dosing accuracy
-naslacrimal drainage (try pinching b/w eyes)
-multi eye drop products
-10 min b/w administrations
-remove contact lenses |
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Term
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Definition
-increased residence time
-blurred vision so use at bedtime
-preservatives
-sterilization (aseptic only)
-packaged in collapsible tubes with narrow tip (multi use) |
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Term
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Definition
-white petrolatum and mineral oil
-lanolin
-PEG and mineral oil |
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Term
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Definition
non irritating
softening point |
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Term
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Definition
-ready to use-polymeric gels
-gel-forming solutions (gelling due to temperature, pH, ions, tear proteins) |
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Term
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Definition
-wash hands, tilt back head, pull lower eyelid down
-place tip of tube near eyelid without touching
-apply 1/4-1/2 in ribbon in the cul-de-sac
-close eye for a few seconds
-wipe excess from eyelid
-blurred vision possible
-use at bedtime |
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Term
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Definition
-injected through the sclera into the vitreous humor
-apply local anesthesia and broad spectrum antimicrobial prior to injection
-dosage forms-solutions/suspensions similar to parenteral injectables
-limitation-volume, injection frequency |
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