Term
| the concept of patient controlled analgesia (PCA) began in what year? |
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Definition
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| PCA is a pain management strategy that allows a patient to: |
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Definition
| self administer I.V. narcotic pain medication |
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Term
| how does the PCA medications get administered? |
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Definition
| by pressing a button that is attached to a computerized pump which delivers the dose |
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Term
| patients may receive intermittent doses of PCA narcotics when they state that their pain is: |
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Definition
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Term
| it is desireable to treat pain only: |
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Definition
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Term
| we treat episodic pain with: |
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Definition
| fast acting narcotics that are effective for only short periods |
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Term
| the goal of PCA is to provide the patient with: |
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Definition
| serum analgesia level for comfort with minimal sedation |
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Term
TRUE OR FALSE:
it is more desireable to use small doses of narcotics freequently than large doses of narcotics infrequently |
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Definition
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Term
| PCA can be used for a ______ range of patients |
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Definition
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Term
| Candidates for whom PCA should be considered include: |
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Definition
1. patients who are anticipating pain that is very severe yet intermittent. (e.g. pt suffering from kidney stones)
2. patients who have constant pain that worsens with activity
3. pediatric patients who are older than age 7 years who are capable of being taught to manage the PCA machine
4. patients who are capable of manipulating the dose button
5. patients who are motivated to use PCA
6. home care pt's with long-term pain control needs. portable PCA pumps are available |
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Term
| a pump infuser can be used to administer I.V. bolus doses of analgesics for the relief of: |
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Definition
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Term
| when patient controlled analgesia is used, the nurse retains responsibility for assessing the patient's: |
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Definition
| level of comfort and for addressing the deficient knowledge related to this method of pain relief |
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Term
| after surgery when does the patient have the greatest need for pain control? |
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Definition
| the first 24 hours after surgery |
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Term
| PCA has been shown to be both: |
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Definition
| safe and effective in relieving pain |
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Term
| when patients are in control and know they can get more immediate pain relief by pushing a button : |
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Definition
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Term
| analgesia is most effective when: |
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Definition
| a theraputic serum level is consistently maintained |
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Term
true or false:
post operative patients can easily titrate doses according to the need and avoid peaks and troughs associated with conventional I.V. and intramuscular administration of an opioid |
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Definition
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Term
true or false:
without a PCA- after abdominal surgery, patients ambulate sooner after surgery |
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Definition
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Term
| patients are better able to cough and deep breathe if: |
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Definition
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Term
| monitor PCA patients carefully for the first 24 hours because: |
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Definition
| opiates, even at theraputic doses, can suppress respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure |
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Term
| what are three unsuitable candidates that cannot safely manage PCA: |
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Definition
| those whose level of consciousness, psychosocial reasons, or limited intellectual capacity |
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Term
| what are four main side effects of PCA: |
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Definition
| constipation, nausea, vomiting, and pruritus |
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Term
| risk factors for respiratory depression with IV PCA: |
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Definition
-patient older than 70 years of age
- basal infusion with IV PCA
- Renal, hepatic, pulmonary, or cardiac impairment
- sleep apnea
- concurrent central nervous system depressants
- obesity
- upper abdominal or thoracic surgery
- IV PCA bolus greater than 1 mg morphine without basal (continuous) infusion |
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Term
true or false:
at no time should anyone but tha patient push the PCA button? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a small amount of fluid infused over 15- 90 mins |
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Term
| intermittent infusions are able to run: |
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Definition
| alone, piggybacked or simultaneously |
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Term
intermittent infusion:
if piggybacked, attached at: |
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Definition
| Y port- stops primary line while a medication is administered |
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Term
| electronic infusion devices help: |
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Definition
| accuracy of fluid delivery |
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Term
intermittent infusion:
be careful of? |
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Definition
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Term
| if you are using and infusion pump to administer the piggyback you will need to calculate the rate based on: |
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Definition
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Term
| if you are not using and infusion pump you willl need what in order to infuse the solution at the proper rate? |
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Definition
| the drip factor for the tubing you are using |
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