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Pharm Test 3
Shock
24
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
04/18/2010

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Term
SIRS
Definition
>2 of following:

>38, <36 C
<90 BPM
>20 RR
WBC >12000 or <4000
Bands >10%
Term
Sepsis
Definition
SIRS with a confirmed infection
Term
Severe Sepsis
Definition
Sepsis w/ >1 s/s of:

Organ dysfunction
Low BP
Poor perfusion
Term
Acute shock phase 1
Definition
Trendelenburg
Lg IV 14-16 g
NS, type/cross, O2
Term
Acute shock phase 2
Definition
Continue phase 1 tx
Crystalloids
Colloids
Blood products
Term
What do crystalloids do?
Definition
Electrolytes
Replace blood
Increase UOP
ISO/Hyper to get H20 to enter plasma
Term
Isotonic crystalloids
Definition
NS
LR
D5W
Term
Hypertonic crystalloids
Definition
D5NS
3%NS
Term
Crystalloids considerations
Definition
S/S circulatory overload
S/S hyperNa
Foley for I/O
Fluids = Renal perfusion
Term
What are colloids?
Definition
Large molecules
Increase oncotic pressure
Term
Colloids considerations
Definition
Dramatic fluid shift; HRF overload
High BP, dyspnea, crackle, low SPO2
HRF anaphylaxis w: Plasma proteins, Dextran, Hetastarch
Term
Blood colloids
Definition
Albumin
Plasma Proteins
Term
Nonblood colloids
Definition
Dextran
Hetastarch
Term
Dextran (colloid)
Definition
Lowers viscosity
2 g/min lg bore IV
Caution: Renal
Term
Hetastarch (colloid)
Definition
Increases PT/PTT
Flu symptoms 3/5 days post tx
Term
Blood products
Definition
For hypovolemic shock or stabilized anaphylactic shock

Serum albumin 5&25% (Low RF allergic reaction)
Term
What do Inotropes do?
Definition
Increase contractile strength
For later shock
Dig, Dobutamine, Dopamine
Term
Dobutamine (Inotrope)
Definition
B1 cardioselective
Cardiogenic shock
Can cause dysrhythmias
Increases CO/UOP
Term
Dobutamine administration
Definition
IV 2.5-4 mcg/kg/h x 72h
1/2 life 2 mins.
Term
Vasopressors
Definition
Norepinephrine, Neosinephrine
Severe shock of IVF ineffective
Rapid/extreme vasoconstriction
Term
NE/Levophed (vasopressor)
Definition
B1, + inotrope
Correct hypovol first! (renal damage)
Term
NE admin problem
Definition
Extravasation
Inject 5-10 mg Phentolamine + 10-15 mg NS all around site
Term
NE administration
Definition
Duration 1-2 min
Monitor BP, RR, HR, ECG
OD: Photophobia, blurry vision
Term
NE interactions
Definition
Beta blockers lower NE
TCA's lower NE
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