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Pharm test 3
Cardiac, Anticoagulants, Hormones, Diabetes
108
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 2
11/22/2010

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Digitoxin (Crystodigin)
Definition
DIGITALIS GLYCOSIDES
Term
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Definition
DIGITALIS GLYCOSIDES
Term
Digoxin Immune Fab (Digibind)
Definition
Digoxin Antidote
Term
Quinidine
Definition

ANTIARRHYTMIC AGENTS (Class 1A)

 

-Must be given with Digoxin to prevent another dysrhythmia during A-fib

-Toxicity: Cinchonism (tinnitus, headache, N/V, vertigo)

Term
Procainamide (Pronestyl)
Definition

ANTIARRHYTMIC AGENTS (Class 1A)

 

-Adverse Reaction: Lupus-like symptoms

-Treats atrial tachycardia and A-Fib

 

-Used as a back-up agent when lidocaine can't be used

Term
Procainamide Sustained Release (Procan SR, Pronestyl SR)
Definition
ANTIARRHYTMIC AGENTS (Class 1A)
Term
Disopyramide (Norpace)
Definition
ANTIARRHYTMIC AGENTS (Class 1A)
Term
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Definition

ANTIARRHYTMIC AGENT (Class 1B)

 

-First Line Antiarrythmic

-Requires a loading dose

-IV infusion given with dextrose (regardless of whether pt is a diabetic or not- Heart comes first!)

Term
Mexelitine (Mexitil)
Definition
ANTIARRHYTMIC AGENTS (Class 1B)
Term
Flecainide (Tambocor) p.o.
Definition
ANTIARRHYTMIC AGENTS (Class 1C)
Term
Propranolol (Inderal)
Definition
ANTIARRHYTMIC AGENTS (Class II)
Term
Amiodarone (Cordarone)
Definition

Antiarrythmic Agent (Class III)

 

-45 DAY HALF LIFE!

-Used for ventricular arrythmias

-Given in VERY SMALL DOSES

-Adverse reactions- cataracts, pulmonary fibrosis, hypothyroid.

Term
Verapamil (Isoptin, Calan)
Definition

Antiarrythmic Agent (Class (IV)

Calcium Channel Blocker

 

-CRASH CART: Given IV push for antiarrythmic properties

-can give second dose after 5 mins

-90% effective after second dose

-Also used for Angina

Term
Atropine
Definition

Antiarrythmic Agent

 

-Given to SPEED UP HR during sinus bradycardia

Term
Nitroglycerin Sublingual
Definition
Nitrate (Agent for Acute Angina)
Term
Nitroglycerin Topical (Nitrol Ointment)
Definition
Angina Prophylaxis
Term
Isosorbide Dinitrate Tablet (Isordil, Sorbitrate)
Definition
Angina Prophylaxis
Term
Nitroglycerin Oral, Patch, or Injection
Definition
Angina Prophylaxis
Term
Atenolol (Tenormin) - p.o.
Definition
Beta Adrenergic Blocker
Term
Propranolol (Inderal) - p.o.
Definition

Beta Adrenergic Blocker

 

-CRASH CART: Given to slow heart rate during atrial or ventricular tachycardia

-IV use as an antiarrythmic

Term
Nadolol (Corgard)
Definition
Beta Adrenergic Blocker
Term
Nifedipine (Procardia XL)
Definition
Calcium Channel Blocker
Term
Diltiazem (Cardizem)
Definition
Calcium Channel Blocker
Term
Cholestyramine (Questran)
Definition
Hypolipidemic Agent- Bile-sequestering
Term
Colestipol (Colestid)
Definition
Hypolipidemic Agent- Bile-sequestering
Term
Fenofibrate (Tricor)
Definition

Hypolipidemic Agent- Fibric Acid Derivative

 

-Decreases Triglyceride production

 

-May cause Rhabdomyolysis if used with a HMG-CoA Reductase (aka a "-statin")

Term
Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
Definition

Hypolipidemic Agent- Fibric Acid Derivative

 

-Decreases Triglyceride production

-May increse HDL levels (not by much though)

 

-May cause Rhabdomyolysis if used with an HMG-CoA Reductase (aka a "-statin")

Term
Lovastatin (Mevacor)
Definition

Hypolipidemic Agent- HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor

 

-Dramatically reduces LDL levels (most prescribed)

 

WARNING: Can totally destroy all muscles! MUST ask about cramping or pain. Tell pt to D/C immediately and see a doctor if muscle pain is present!

Term
Pravastatin (Pravachol)
Definition

Hypolipidemic Agent- HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor

 

-Dramatically reduces LDL levels (most prescribed)

 

WARNING: Can totally destroy all muscles! MUST ask about cramping or pain. Tell pt to D/C immediately and see a doctor if muscle pain is present!

Term
Simvastatin (Zocor)
Definition

Hypolipidemic Agent- HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor

 

-Dramatically reduces LDL levels (most prescribed)

 

WARNING: Can totally destroy all muscles! MUST ask about cramping or pain. Tell pt to D/C immediately and see a doctor if muscle pain is present!

Term
Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
Definition

Hypolipidemic Agent- HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor

 

-Dramatically reduces LDL levels (most prescribed)

 

WARNING: Can totally destroy all muscles! MUST ask about cramping or pain. Tell pt to D/C immediately and see a doctor if muscle pain is present!

Term
Fluvastatin (Lescol)
Definition

Hypolipidemic Agent- HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitor

 

-Dramatically reduces LDL levels (most prescribed)

 

WARNING: Can totally destroy all muscles! MUST ask about cramping or pain. Tell pt to D/C immediately and see a doctor if muscle pain is present!

Term
Nicotinic Acid (Nicobid)
Definition

Hypolipidemic Agent- Other

 

-AKA Vitamin B3

-Requires massive doses in order to work as hypolipidemic agent

-May cause liver damage

-Contraindicated in diabetes

Term
Warfarin (Coumadin)
Definition
Anticoagulant
Term
Heparin
Definition
Anticoagulant
Term
Enoxaparin (Levenox)
Definition
Anticoagulant
Term
Dalteparin (Fragmin)
Definition
Anticoagulant
Term
Protamine Sulfate
Definition
Heparin Antidote
Term
Aspirin
Definition
Antiplatelet
Term
Dipyridamole (Persantine)
Definition
Antiplatelet
Term
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Definition
Antiplatelet
Term
Streptokinase (Streptase)
Definition
Thrombolytic Agent
Term
Urokinase (Abbokinase)
Definition
Thrombolytic Agent

-Used to open a clotted central line
Term
Alteplase (Activase)
Definition
Thrombolytic Agent

-AKA TPA!!!
Term
Ferrous Sulfate (Feosol)
Definition
Anemia Treatment
Term
Iron Dextran (Imferon)
Definition
Anemia Treatment
Term
Cyanocobalamin (Vitamin B-12)
Definition
Anemia Treatment
Term
Folic acid
Definition
Anemia Treatment
Term
Leucovorin (Welcovorin)
Definition
Anemia Treatment
Term
Epoetin Alfa (Epogen)
Definition
Anemia Treatment
Term
Filgrastim (Neupogen)
Definition

Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor

 

-Used for those with low WBC count

Term
Desmopressin (DDAVP)
Definition
Hormonal Agent- Posterior Pituitary
Term
Vasopressin (Pitressin)
Definition
Hormonal Agent- Posterior Pituitary
Term
Oxytocin (Syntocin)
Definition
Hormonal Agent- Posterior Pituitary
Term
Corticotropin (Acthar, ACTH)
Definition
Hormonal Agent- Anterior Pituitary
Term
Cosyntropin (Cortrosyn)
Definition
Hormonal Agent- Anterior Pituitary
Term
Thyrotropin (Thropar)
Definition
Hormonal Agent- Anterior Pituitary
Term
Somatrem (Protropin)
Definition
Hormonal Agent- Anterior Pituitary

-GROWTH HORMONE
Term
Fludrocortisone (Florinef)
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOID- Mineralocorticoid
Term
Beclomethasone (QVar, Beconase)
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOID- Glucocorticoid
Term
Dexamethasone (Decadron)
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOID- Glucocorticoid
Term
Fluticasone (Flonase)
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOID- Glucocorticoid
Term
Flunisolide (Aerobid)
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOID- Glucocorticoid
Term
Hydrocortisone (Cortef)
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOID- Glucocorticoid
Term
Methylprednisolone (Medrol)
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOID- Glucocorticoid
Term
Prednisone
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOID- Glucocorticoid
Term
Triamcinolone (Aristocort, Azmacort)
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOID- Glucocorticoid
Term
Aminoglutethimide (Cytadren)
Definition
Inhibition of Adrenocorticoid Synthesis
Term
Mitotane (Lysodren)
Definition
ADRENOCORTICOLYTIC
Term
Conjugated Estrogen (Premarin)
Definition
Estrogen
Term
Estrodiol Valerate (Delestrogen)
Definition
Estrogen
Term
Ethinyl Estradiol (Estinyl)
Definition
Estrogen
Term
Mestranol
Definition
Estrogen
Term
Estropipate (Ogen)
Definition
Estrogen
Term
Dienestrol (AVC)
Definition
Estrogen
Term
Megestrol (Megace)
Definition
Progesterone
Term
Norethindrone (Norlutin)
Definition
Progesterone
Term
Medroxyprogesterone (Provera)
Definition
Progesterone
Term
Ethynodiol (Ovulen)
Definition
Progesterone
Term
Norgesterol (Ovral)
Definition
Progesterone
Term
Fluoxymesterone (Halotestin)
Definition
Male Sex Hormones- Androgenic
Term
Methyltestosterone (Oreton)
Definition
Male Sex Hormones- Androgenic
Term
Testosterone Cypionate (Depo-Testosterone)
Definition
Male Sex Hormones- Androgenic
Term
Nandrolone Decanoate (Deca-Durabolin)
Definition
Male Sex Hormone- Anabolic
Term
Stanozolol (Winstrol)
Definition
Male Sex Hormone- Anabolic
Term
Levothyroxine (Synthroid)
Definition

Hypothyroidism Treatment

 

-Synthetic T-4

-Minerals inhibit absorption

Term
Liothyronine (Cytomel)
Definition

Hypothyroidism Treatment

 

-Synthetic T3 (Active Hormone)

Term
Propylthiouracil (Propacil)
Definition

Hyperthyroidism Treatment

 

-Inhibits T3 and T4 synthesis

-70-80% chance of a complete cure

Term
Methimazole (Tapazole)
Definition
Hyperthyroidism Treatment
Term
Potassium Iodide (SSKI)
Definition

Hyperthyroidism Treatment

 

-Given to residents surrounding nuclear powerplants

-Also given before Thyroid Surgery

-will supress Thyroid for 72 hours only

Term
Sodium Iodide I-131
Definition

Hyperthyroidism Treatment

 

-25-33% of patients cured after one dose

Term
Lispro (Humalog)
Definition
Ultra Short Acting Insulin
Term
Insulin (Regular)
Definition
Rapid Acting Insulin
Term
Isophane Insulin Suspension (NPH)
Definition
Intermediate Acting Insulin
Term
Extended Insulin Zinc Suspension (Ultralente)
Definition
Long Acting Insulin
Term
Glargine (Lantus)
Definition
Long Acting Insulin
Term
Chlorpropamide (Diabenese)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS- First Generation Sulfonylureas
Term
Tolazamide (Tolinase)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS- First Generation Sulfonylureas
Term
Tolbutamide (Orinase)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS- First Generation Sulfonylureas
Term
Glipizide (Glucotrol)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS-
Second Generation Sulfonylureas
Term
Glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS-
Second Generation Sulfonylureas
Term
Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS-
Second Generation Sulfonylureas
Term
Metformin (Glucophage)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS- Biguanide
Term
Rosiglitazone (Avandia)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS- Thiazolidinedione
Term
Pioglitazone (Actos)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS- Thiazolidinedione
Term
Acarbose (Precose)
Definition
ORAL HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS- Miscellaneous
Term
Glucagon - inj
Definition
REVERSE HYPOGLYCEMIA
Term
Diazoxide (Proglycem) - p.o.
Definition
REVERSE HYPOGLYCEMIA
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