Term
| What is congenital infection? |
|
Definition
| infection that is transferred through the placenta |
|
|
Term
T/F
Asymptomatic disease is prevalent with STDs. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many (and what %) of the adult population in the US has genital HSV infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
If you have a non-HIV STD, you are more likely to get HIV if exposed. |
|
Definition
| True - damaged mucosa provides an entry point and a non-HIV infection places a lot of CD4s in the genital area to be prime targets of HIV |
|
|
Term
| What type of organism is gonorrhea? |
|
Definition
| Neisseria gonorrhea - gram - diplococcus |
|
|
Term
| What is the risk of acquiring gonorrhea after 1 encounter? |
|
Definition
male -> female 50-60%
female -> male 20-30% |
|
|
Term
| What % of women with gonorrhea develop PID? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What % of women with 3 or more episodes of PID develop infertility? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of gonorrhea in females? |
|
Definition
dysuria or vaginal discharge/bleeding
but many women are asymptomatic |
|
|
Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of gonorrhea in males? |
|
Definition
dysuria and penile discharge
epididymitis - unilateral testicular pain |
|
|
Term
| Who does the CDC recommend screening for gonorrhea? |
|
Definition
| all females 25 years old or younger who are sexually active |
|
|
Term
| What culture techniques are used to diagnose gonorrhea? |
|
Definition
male - urethral swab
female - endocervical swab |
|
|
Term
| What lab test is used to diagnose gonorrhea? |
|
Definition
nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT)
used to check for chlamydia too
men - urine
female - endocervical |
|
|
Term
| What type of sample is used for gonorrhea diagnosis in women and why? |
|
Definition
endocervical samples
higher sensitivity than urine samples |
|
|
Term
| How is gonococcal neonatorum prevented? |
|
Definition
| prophylactic treatment of all neonates with topical antimicrobials applied to the eyes |
|
|
Term
| How is gonococcal neonatorum treated if it is not prevented? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does gonococcal neonatorum present? |
|
Definition
2-5 days after birth
pharyngitis
rectal infections
pneumonia (rare) |
|
|
Term
T/F
Almost all gonococcal infections in children older than 1 year are the result of sexual abuse. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
Urine samples to test for gonorrhea in children are not approved by the FDA. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat uncomplicated gonorrhea in adults? |
|
Definition
ceftriaxone 250 mg IM once
cefixime 400 mg PO once |
|
|
Term
T/F
N. gonorrhea is increasingly resistant to quinolones in some geographic areas. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat disseminated gonorrhea in adults? |
|
Definition
hospitalization
ceftriaxone 1 g IM Q24h |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat PID from gonorrhea outpatient? |
|
Definition
ceftriaxone
doxycycline
metronidazole |
|
|
Term
T/F
Concomitant treatment for chlamydia infection should always take place. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What % of patients with G have C? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat chlamydia? |
|
Definition
doxycycline 100 mg bid x 7 days
azithromycin 1 g orally once |
|
|
Term
T/F
Treatment failure of gonorrhea usually results from reinfection. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
You need to treat the partners of those who are diagnosed with gonorrhea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat gonorrhea in pregnant women? |
|
Definition
Avoid fluoroquinolones
ceftriaxone 125 mg IM
spectinomycin 2 g IM
cefixime |
|
|
Term
| How do you treat chlamydia in pregnant women? |
|
Definition
| azythromycin or amoxicillin |
|
|
Term
| What is the organism that causes Syphilis? |
|
Definition
Treponema pallidium
a spirochete |
|
|
Term
| What is the risk of transmission of syphilis on a single encounter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
All patients with syphilis should be tested for HIV. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does the chancre of syphilis form? How long does it last? |
|
Definition
10-90 days (average of 21)
lasts 3-6 weeks |
|
|
Term
| When does secondary syphilis present? |
|
Definition
| 4-10 weeks after primary infection |
|
|
Term
| What is the clinical presentation of secondary syphilis? |
|
Definition
| skin rash, fever, myalgias, malaise, lympadenopathy or mucocutaneous lesions |
|
|
Term
| How do you screen for syphilis? |
|
Definition
VDRL (or RPR)
confirmation test: FTA-ABS or TPHA |
|
|
Term
| Which STD can be detected by dark field microscopy? |
|
Definition
| syphilis - look for motility of spirochetes |
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