Term
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Definition
| Opioid agonist, μ-opioid receptor agonist, IV/IM |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid agonist, μ-opioid receptor agonist, prodrug, ORAL |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid agonist, μ-opioid receptor agonist, prodrug, ORAL |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid agonist, μ-opioid receptor agonist, drug interaction with MAO inhibitor, IV/IM |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid agonist, μ-opioid receptor agonist, COMPLETE synthetic agonist with high potency, IV/patch |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid agonist, μ-opioid receptor agonist, COMPLETE synthetic agonist with high potency, IV/patch |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid agonist, μ-opioid receptor agonist, long half life, synthetic agonist for heroin treatment or withdrawal |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid agonist, μ-opioid receptor agonist, long half life, similar profile to codeine |
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Term
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Definition
| Partial opioid agonist/antagonist, mixed agonist-antagonist in μ and κ-opioid receptors, can precipitate withdrawal in patient on heroin or morphine |
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Term
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Definition
| Partial opioid agonist, μ-partial agonist and κ-agonist, can precipitate withdrawal, useful in patient with abuse potential |
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Term
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Definition
| Partial opioid agonist, (partial) μ-partial agonist with profile similar to pentazocine, use in treatment of mild to moderate pain |
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Term
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Definition
| Partial opioid agonist, (partial) μ-partial agonist with minimal activity and dissociates slowly from receptor, use in opioid addiction treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| Partial opioid agonist/antagonist, (partial) μ-antagonist and κ-agonist, potency and duration of action similar to morphine |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid antagonist, μ-antagonist, use in opioid overdose |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid antagonist, μ-antagonist, longer duration of action than naloxone, use in opioid dose, addiction treatment including alcoholism |
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Term
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Definition
| Opioid agonist (other), μ-agonist and also SSRI, action partially blocked by naloxone |
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Term
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Definition
| Morphine, codeine, oxycodone, meperidine, fentanyl, sufentanyl, methadone, propoxyphene |
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Term
| Partial opioid agonists (5) |
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Definition
| Butorphanol, pentazocine, nalbuphine, buprenorphine, dezocine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the only opioid agonist that also acts as an SSRI? |
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Definition
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Term
| Drug of choice for drug abuse potential |
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Definition
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Term
| Drug of choice for obstetric analgesia |
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Definition
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Term
| Drug of choice in opioid overdose |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inh), falling out of practice. Bad = high MAC (105%, thus low potency), aggravates pneumothorax, ↑PONV, can’t use alone. Good = cheapest, smell = pleasant, metab. = 0%, no hepatic/renal toxicity, will NOT trigger malignant hyperthermia. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inh), replaced by iso/sevo/desflurane. Bad = slowest uptake and recovery, metab. = 20% (!), hepatic toxicity (halothane hepatitis), intolerant of epinephrine. Good = highest blood solubility (MAC = 0.78%), smell = pleasant, no renal toxicity. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inh). Bad = renal toxicity, may cause hepatic toxicity, smell = ether. Good = metab. = 2.4%. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inh). Bad = causes respiratory irritation (50% @ 2 MAC), may cause hepatic toxicity, laryngospasm, coronary steal syndrome, smell = ether. Good = no renal toxicity, metab. = 0.2%. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inh). Good = fastest uptake and recovery (behind N2O), metab. = 0%, no hepatic/renal toxicity. Bad = causes respiratory irritation (75% @ 2 MAC), bad for induction, ↑airway resistance, initial spike in HR/BP (autonomic reflex), smell = ether, most expensive overall. |
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Term
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Definition
| BEST general anesthetic (inh). Good = no respiratory irritation, metab. = 5%, SMOOTH INDUCTION drug, ↓airway resistance, smell = pleasant. Bad = may cause hepatic/renal toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inh), will NOT trigger malignant hyperthermia |
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Term
| General anesthetics (inhaled) (7) |
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Definition
| Nitrous oxide, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, desflurane, sevoflurane, xenon |
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Term
| (Injection/gas) to induce, and (injection/gas) to maintain. (most common) |
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Definition
| Injection to induce, gas to maintain. |
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Term
| Factors which increase MAC (4) |
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Definition
| Hyperthermia, ↑catecholamines, ↑CNS Na+, alcoholism |
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Term
| Factors which decrease MAC (5) |
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Definition
| ↑age, hypothermia, pregnancy, sepsis, ACUTE alcohol intoxication |
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Term
| Factors which do NOT affect MAC (4) |
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Definition
| Thyroid gland dysfunction, duration of anesthesia, gender, height/weight |
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Term
| All of the "fluranes" can trigger "malignant hyperthermia." What is that? |
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Definition
| Skeletal muscle dz. Sustained muscle contraction → ↑metabolism & ↑muscle necrosis |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inj). Barbiturate, sedative, INDUCER. Good = rapid onset/redistribution, no phlebitis (vein inflam). Bad = slow recovery (large dose → 11hr), CV/Resp. depression. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inj). Barbiturate, sedative, INDUCER. Used to find epileptic foci. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inj, oral). IV anxiolytic, sedative, INDUCER. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (IV, oral). Benzodiazepine agonist, IV anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inj, oral). Benzodiazepine agonist, IV anxiolytic, sedative. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inj). Benzodiazepine antagonist. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inj). INDUCER OF CHOICE and TOTAL anesthetic. Rapid & complete awakening possible. Bad = significant pain on injection (small veins). Mech: interacts w/ GABA to reduce dissociation → ↑open chloride channels. Liver metabolizes to hydrophilic metabolite → kidney excretion. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inj). Analgesic, INDUCER. |
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Term
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Definition
| General anesthetic (inj). Sedative agent (α2 agonist) |
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Term
| Barbiturates: mechanism of action |
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Definition
| Activate GABA receptors in CNS and directly activate chloride channels → ↓ reticular activating system & ↓ sympathetics |
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Term
| Barbiturates: pharmacokinetics |
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Definition
| Prompt awakening due to rapid redistribution to muscle/fat. Elimination = metabolism (no kidney clearance). |
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Term
| Barbiturates: side effects |
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Definition
| Cardio: ↓BP (slight from heart, more from vasodilation). Resp: ↓RR (medulla effects & less responsive to CO2); exaggerated by opioids & CNS depressants. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cardio: ↓SVR & BP (moreso than thiopental); prevent ↓HR w/ anti-Ach. Resp: dose-dependent depression, bronchodilator (good). CNS: ↓CMRO2, CBF, ICP. |
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