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Pharm Nervous System Intro
KYCOM Bloc 12
29
Pharmacology
Graduate
11/30/2013

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Cards

Term
what does the CNS include
Definition
brain and spinal cord
Term
what are the components of the peripherial nervous system
Definition
afferent: nerves going to CNS
efferent: nerves leaving CNS
Term
what is the function of afferent nerves
Definition
carry information to CNS for processing
autonomic nervous system reflexes: baroreceptor, emotional
Term
compare preganglionic and poste ganglinic neuron cell bodies and axons
Definition
pre: cell body in CNS, non myelinated

post: cell body in ganglia, non-myelinated, terminates in effector organ
Term
function and nerve lay out of somatic NS
Definition
vountary control of sksletal muscle
one neuron, no ganglia
Term
autonomic NS function
Definition
involuntary control of heart, vessels visceral organs, glands
Term
what are the three types of input into the autonomic NS, explain where each comes from or is processed
Definition
afferent sign: travels to integrating center in hpothalamus, medulla, spinal cord

reflexes: dont involve processing (baroreceptor increases symp and decreases para to heart)

emotions; stimulate sympathetic and parasympathetic
Term
where do sympathetic preganglionic fibers come from, where do they go
Definition
T1-2, L1-5 synapse in sympathetic chain, post ganglionic extend to viscera
Term
explain the wiring of the adrenal medulla
Definition
recieves sympathetic preganglionic fiber that does not synapse in sympathetic chain and has no postganglionic fiber

instead releases hormones (N/NE) into the blood
Term
general function of sympathetic NS
Definition
continously active to maintain tone
functions as a unit
not essential for life
fight or flight
Term
sympathetic effect on: heart, energy, blood, pupil, lungs, bladder, GU, salivation, GI, muscle
Definition
increases HR, BP
energy mobilization
blood to skin and organs decreased
dilation of skeletal muscle vessels
dilation of pupil
bronchi constriction
bronchiole dilation
detrusor relaxation
construction of trigone and sphinctor
thick salivation
decrease in gastric motility
uterus relaxation
ejaculation
Term
where do parasympathetic NS fibers come from, where do they go
Definition
CN III, VII, IX, X, S2-4
synapse at ganglia near effector organ
Term
general functions of parasympathetic NS
Definition
essential for life
effects specific effector organ
rest and digest
Term
effect of parasympathetic on: eye, lung, bladder, GU, salivation, heart, GI
Definition
constrict iris constricts pupil
constriction of ciliary m. for near vision
constriction of bronchioles
contraction of detrusor
relaxing trigone and sphinctor
erection
watery salivation
decreased HR, CO
GI motility
Term
what are the effects when an organ has parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation
Definition
parasympathetic predominates
sympathetic only predominates if it is the only innervator
Term
where is sympathetic the only innervator
Definition
blood vessels, adrenal medulla, pilomotor muscles, sweat glands
Term
define cholinergic
Definition
ACh releasing NT binds to cholinergic receptor (Nm, Nn, M)
Term
define adrenergic
Definition
NE releasing and NT binds to adrenergic receptor (a and B)
Term
what are the two types of parasympathetic receptor/NT combinations, where are they located
Definition
preganglionic/postganglionic synapse: ACh/Nn

postganglionic/cardiac, smooth muscle, glands synapse: ACh/M
Term
what are the 4 types of sympathetic receptor/NT combinations, where are they located
Definition
preganglionic/postganglionic: ACh/Nn

postganglionic/sweat gland synapse: ACh/M

postganglionic/cardiac M, smooth M, gland synapse: NE/a or B

postganglionic / renal vascular smooth muscle synapse: D/D1 (dopamine is precursor for NE, D1 is main periphery dopamine receptor)
Term
what is the neuromumoral receptor/NT combination, where is it located
Definition
preganglionic/adrenal medulla synapse: ACh/Nm causes release of E and NE into blood
Term
what is the somatic receptor/NT synapse, where is it located
Definition
somatic/skeletal muscle synapse: ACh/Nm
Term
what are the three categories of chemical signalers
Definition
local
hormones
neurotransmitters
Term
local signalers: 2 examples, down side
Definition
rapidly destoried or removad
histamine, prostaglandin
Term
defne hormone
Definition
travel in blood to effect broadly distributed target cells
Term
define neurotransmitter
Definition
communication between neurons acts on specific cellular receptor
Term
3 examples of NT
Definition
ACh, NE, E
Term
where is ACh released
Definition
cholinergic neurons in sympathetic, parasympathetic, and adrenal medulla
iin all NMJ
Term
where is NE/E released
Definition
adrenergic neurons, nerve transmission
E from adrenal medulla into blood and activates non-adrenergic receptors
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