Term
causes of nausea and vomiting in adults 10 |
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Definition
metabolic neuro CV disorder GI disorder infection pregnancy operations drugs chemo emotions |
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Term
causes of nausea and vomiting in kids 14 |
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Definition
pyloric stenosis duodenal ulcer stress ulcer adrenal insufficiency septicemia disease of pancreas, liver, biliary tree GI obstruction increased ICP overfeeding rapid feeding inadequate burping laying down too soon after feeding |
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Term
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Definition
immediate need to vomit, gastric stasis |
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Term
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Definition
rhythmic action of respiratory muscles (abdominal, inercostal, diaphragmatic) against closed glottis |
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Term
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Definition
forceful expulsion of gastric contentents caused by GI retroperistalsis, salivation, shivering, vasomotor changes |
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Term
afferent sensory nerves send receptors for nausea and vomiting to 3 |
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Definition
chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) cerebral cortex visceral afferents from pharynx and GI |
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Term
afferent signals are intergrated by vomiting center in medulla and efferent impulses go to 5 |
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Definition
salivation center respiratory center pharyngeal, GI, abdominal muscles |
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Term
NT involved in vomiting center, CTZ, GI tract 4 |
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Definition
ACH (M), histamine (H1), dopamine (D2), serotonin (5-HT3), opiate receptors |
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Term
categories of drugs that help with nausea and vomiting 5 |
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Definition
5-HT3 antagonist dopamine antagonist antihistamine anticholinergics cannabis |
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Term
2 5-HT3 antagonists used in nausea and vomitin |
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Definition
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Term
5 dopamine antagonist used in nausea and vomiting |
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Definition
chlori was a pro, a pro at doing meth, a pro chlori was, she drop it like it hot on the metro, chlori pride chelrpromazine promethazine prochlorperazine deoperidol metoclopramide |
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Term
2 antihistamines used in nausea and vomiting and their administrations |
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Definition
meclizine (oral) diphenhydramine (oral, IM, IV) |
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Term
1 anticholinergic used in nausea and vomiting |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
antagonist of central/peripheral 5-HT3 on vagal afferents, NTS, postremia |
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Term
what is the cause of post chemo nausea |
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Definition
serotonin released by enterochromaffin cells in SI in response to chemo may stimulate vagal afferents to vomiting reflex |
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Term
odansetron administration 4 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
most effective for chemo and upper abdominal irridation nausea effective against hyperemesis of pregnacy somewhat effective for post-op nausea |
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Term
how is palonostron different than odansetron |
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Definition
has t1/2 40h, longest of serotonins |
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Term
prochlorperazine, chlorpromazine, promethazine: MOA 3 |
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Definition
D2 antagonist at CTZ antihistamine anticholinergic |
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Term
prochlorperazine, chlorpromazine, promethazine: use 2 |
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Definition
most common general antinausea and antiemetic NOT effective for nausea associated with chemo |
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Term
prochlorperazine, chlorpromazine, promethazine: SE |
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Definition
most common drug to cause drowsiness |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
droperidol: administration 2 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
surgical antiemetic preop med when other tx not effective |
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Term
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Definition
alters cardiac conduction sedation acute dystonia |
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Term
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Definition
stimulate ACh release from enteric neurons increasing GI motility and LES pressure (prokinetic)
Blocks D3 receptors at CTZ
supresses inhibitor interneurons by antagonizing 5-HT3 receptor
stimulates 5-HT4 receptor
agonist of D2 receptors that inhibit cholinergic neurons |
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Term
metoclopramide: administration 3 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
adjunct to PPI and H2 blocker for GERD
gastroparesis (increases gastric emptying)
antinausea
antiemetic |
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Term
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Definition
chronic use >12wk: tarditive dyskinesia
acute use: acute dystonia (reversible tarditive dyskinesia) or pseudoparkinsonism EPS symptoms |
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Term
MOA antihistamines for nausea and vomiting |
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Definition
H1 antagonist on vestibular afferents in brain stem |
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Term
use of antihistamines for nausea and vomiting |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
scopolamide: administration 2 |
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Definition
injectable bromide transdermal patch |
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Term
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Definition
prevent and tx motion sickness NO role in chemo nausea |
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Term
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Definition
stimulate CB1 cannaboid receptors on neurons in vomiting center |
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Term
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Definition
prophylactic for nausea in chrmo when other antiemetic uneffective
stimulate appetite in AIDS patients |
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Term
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Definition
central sympathomimetic activity tachycardia high |
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Term
antiemetics used in pregnancy 3 |
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Definition
antihistamines odanzatron promethazine considered |
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Term
antiemetic used in severe nausea in chemo 3 |
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Definition
metoclopramide odanzetron cannibis |
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Term
antiemetic used in moderate emesis in chemo 3 |
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Definition
prochlorperazine odanzetron dronabinol |
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Term
antinausea and antiemetic used in severe chemo |
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Definition
combinations of ones for mild and moderate symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
visceral hypersensitvity from alterations to neuroreceptor in afferent spinal neuron function
CNS odulation of afferent input in way that results in long term sensitization of pathways involved in visceral sensation
no structural or biochemical factors |
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Term
IBS associated diseases 5 |
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Definition
depression anxiety chronic fatigue syndrome functional dyspepsia fibromyalgia |
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Term
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Definition
lower abdominal pain constipation diarrhea bloating |
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Term
tx of constipation predominate IBS 2 |
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Definition
dietary fiber psyllium if unable to tolerate dietary fiber |
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Term
DC tx of constipation predominate IBS and why, MOA, dosing |
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Definition
tagsarod heart attacks, severe diarrhea 12wk short term tx 5-HT4 agonist |
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Term
tx of diarrhea predominate IBS 3 |
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Definition
psyllium ipoeramide avoid triggers |
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Term
triggers of diarrhea predominate IBS 7 |
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Definition
caffiene alcohol sweeteners: sorbitol, fructose, mannitol herbal medicines tea (senna is laxative) |
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Term
tx of IBS with abdominal pain and bloating 2 and MOA |
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Definition
antispasmotics: dicylomide atropine-hyoscyamide-phenobarbitol-scopolamide: anticholinergic DOC for IBS effectiveness not proven |
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Term
adjnct tx for IBS 2, 2 effects |
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Definition
TCA, SSRI help with analgesia with eating relieve depression |
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Term
components of bile acids 3 |
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Definition
cholic acid chenodeoxycholic acid deoxycholic acid |
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Term
functions of bile acids 4 |
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Definition
induce flow of bile feedback inhibition of cholesterol synthesis eliminate cholesterol (promote excretion) disperase and absorb lipids and fat soluble vitamins |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
ursodeoxycholic acid: MOA |
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Definition
cytoprotective on hepaticytes functional gallbladder needed: modified by bile degrades cholesterol monohydrate crystals in 40% |
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Term
ursodeoxycholic acid: use 2 |
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Definition
cannot be used for bile acid therapy alone due to unfavorable surface area to size ratio
gall bladder dissolution
cholestatic liver disease |
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Term
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Definition
loss of gland function (Exocrine and endocrine), inflammation, and pain |
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Term
function of pancreatic enzymes |
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Definition
protein and fat digestion |
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Term
how are pancreatic enzymes released |
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Definition
CCK releasing monitor peptide from duodenum triggers CCK then is degraded by trypsin
CCK stimulates release of pancreatic enzymes |
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Term
effects of chronic pancreatitis on physiology |
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Definition
trypsin insufficiency increases CCK and causes pain due to continous stimulation of enzymes and increased intraductal pressure
decreased digestive enzymes cases protein maldigestion and seatorrhea when >90% pancreas lost leading to malabsorption and diarrhea |
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Term
goals of tx of chronic pancreatitis 2 |
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Definition
prevention of malabsorption pain relief |
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Term
2 drugs used in chronic pancreatitis |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
delivered to duodenum during 4h period with and after a meal |
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Term
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Definition
decrease diarrhea and malabsorption due to pancreatitis |
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Term
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Definition
delivered to duodenum and interrupts CCK mediated pain loop |
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Term
why would lipase and protease be coated or uncoated |
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Definition
coated: treat malabsorption uncoated: treat malabsorption and pain |
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