AMINOGLYCOSIDES

gentamicin

SERIOUS Infections ONLY, nephrotoxicity, odotoxicity, If allergic to 1 drug in this classification...allergic to them all! == 

CEPHALOSPORINS

(2nd Generation)

cefaclor

Commonly Used! Well Tolerated & Well absorbed in GI tract, If allergic to Penicillin you will be as well to Cephalosporins! 

(GI/n & d/rash/superinfection/NO Alcohol)

FLUOROQUINOLONES

ciprofloxacin

*Commonly used, Broad Spectrum, Mess with DNA replication of susceptible gram- bacteria,

(Helps UTI, Resp Trac, Skin infections) Tend to be cardiac- *Never kids ! 18 

(GI/headache/dizzy)

(Allergy, pregnancy/lactation)

PENICILLINS

amoxicillin

Still used today - Often 1st line used!

(GI/Superinfections/Renal Disease)

(Shot given if non-compliant PT/*Take on empty stomach)

SULFONAMIDES

cotrimoxazole / "SEPTRA"

 (GI,Superinfections)

(Inexpensive but not used much except for UTI/Cross sensitive w/ thiazide diuretics & Sulfonylureas)

TETRACYCLINES

tetracycline

Inhibit protein synthesis-Used in newborn eyes-Acne treatment

(GI/Brown teeth calcification)

(Contraceptive -Penicillin G -Digoxin -Methoxyflurane 

Interactions/*Take on Empty Stomach)

ANTIMYCOBACTERIALS

isoniazid

Contain pathogens known to cause TB/Leprosy

Very slow growing bacteria/Slow to kill- use Combo Therapy!

(Renal Failure/Allergy/NO Alcohol)

(Prime canidates-Homeless/HealthCare Workers)

Macrolides

(Other Antibiotics)

erythromycin

Chemically similar to Penicillin!

(GI, superinfection, hepatic toxicity)

Drug to Drug interactions:

(digoxin/oral anticoagulants/theophyline/corticosteroids)

Influenza A &

Respitory Virus

rimantadine

PT can become resistant to antibiotics

Window of treatment 48 hrs 

Prevent shedding of viral coat

(Dizzy, Low BP, Insomnia, Nausea)

Herpes &

Cytomegalovirus

(CMV)

Acyclovir

Use only if benefit outweighs risk

Inhibit the viruses DNA replication chains

(N/V,  Headache,Rash,HairLoss,Nephrotoxic)

HIV & AIDS

*Nevirapine

Zidovudine (Pregnant women)

Reverse transcriptase blocking both RNA/DNA activities

(GI, Hair Loss,Headache,N/V/D,Rash,Chills,Fever)