Term
Drugs that work on protein synthesis are |
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Definition
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Term
Name the different classes of antibiotics |
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Definition
-sulfonamides -PCNs -cephalosporins -carbapenems -monobactams -tetracyclines -macrolides |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
inhibit growth of susceptible bacteria, leads to eventual bacterial death |
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Term
If bacteria maintains staining it is considered |
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Definition
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Term
If bacteria loses its staining it is considered |
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Definition
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Term
Aerobic bacteria thrive in what type of environment? |
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Definition
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Term
True or false: Anaerobic bacteria can grow in an environment without any oxygen |
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Definition
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Term
Which immunocomprimised patients get viral infections most often? |
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Definition
cancer patients, AIDs patients, transplant patients |
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Term
Antiviral agents are used to treat |
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Definition
infections caused by viruses other than HIV |
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Term
Antiretroviral agents are used to treat |
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Definition
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Term
Acyclovir belongs to which category of drugs? |
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Definition
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Term
3 prototypes of Acyclovir |
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Definition
-acyclovir (Zovirax) -famcyclovir (Famvir) -valacyclovir (Valtrex) |
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Term
Famcyclovir and valacyclovir are both |
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Definition
prodrugs (need to metabolized by liver first to work) |
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Term
What drug is most commonly used to treat genital herpes? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Topical acyclovir prototypes |
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Definition
-penciclovir (denavir) -docosanol (abreva-OTC) -Trifluridine opthalmic (viroptic) -viderabine (vira-A) |
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Term
Can a patient develop resistance to acyclovir? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
phlebitis, reversible nephrotoxicity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Topical acyclovir may cause |
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Definition
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Term
Which acyclovir prototypes only treat cytomegalovirus (CMV)? |
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Definition
ganciclovir (cytovene) fascarnet (foscavir) cidofovir (vistide) |
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Term
Drugs used to treat CMV are given |
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Definition
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Term
Foscarnet (used to treat CMV) can also be used for |
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Definition
herpetic infections that are resistant to acyclovir |
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Term
What is the most commonly used drug to treat CMV? |
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Definition
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Term
Ganciclovir: heme side effects |
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Definition
thrombocytopenia, granulocytopenia, bone marrow suppression, anemia |
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Term
Ganciclovir: GI side effects |
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Definition
nausea, liver dysfunction |
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Term
Ganciclovir: CNS side effects |
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Definition
confusion, reproductive toxicity |
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Term
True or false: ganciclovir can cause rash |
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Definition
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Term
True or False: ganciclovir can cause fever |
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Definition
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Term
Foscarnet and cidofovir can cause |
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Definition
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Term
When does protection begin after flu vaccination? |
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Definition
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Term
How long does protection last after the flu vaccine? |
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Definition
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Term
There is a small risk for what syndrome after getting the flu vaccine? |
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Definition
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Term
a patient with an acute febrile illness should not get the flu vaccine until they recover, what is considered febrile? |
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Definition
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Term
What allergy prevents you from getting the flu vaccine? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Prophylaxis for peptic ulcers |
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Definition
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Term
NSAID induced peptic ulcers tx |
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Definition
PPI's, H2 receptor blockers, discontinue NSAIDS if possible |
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Term
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Definition
change to 5-6 small meals per day, prevents pH fluctuations |
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Term
Why are a min of two abx used to treat h. pylori? |
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Definition
to decrease chance of developing resistance |
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Term
Drugs of choice to treat h. pylori |
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Definition
amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, metronidazole, tinidazole, bismuth compounds |
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Term
Guidelines for managing h. pylori |
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Definition
-at least 2 abx, preferably 3 -antisecretory agent (PPI, H2 antagonist) |
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Term
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Definition
anti-ulcer/anti-secretory |
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Term
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Definition
-ranitidine -cimetidine -famotidine -nizatidine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Which H2 antagonist has significant side effects? |
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Definition
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Term
cimetidine side effects: CNS |
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Definition
confusion, lethargy, hallucinations, excitation |
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Term
cimetidine side effects: CV |
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Definition
dysrhythmias and hypotension when given IV |
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Term
cimetidine side effects: resp |
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Definition
increased risk for pneumonia |
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Term
cimetidine side effects: heme |
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Definition
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Term
cimetidine side effects: GU |
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Definition
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Term
Cimetidine can not be taken concurrently with |
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Definition
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Term
cimetidine inhibits liver metabolism of |
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Definition
warfarin, phenytoin, theophylline, lidocaine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Common side effects of PPI's |
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Definition
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Term
long term use of omeprazole (prilosec) may cause |
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Definition
gastric cancer, hip fracture |
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Term
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Definition
-almuinum/calcium (maalox) -magnesium -calcium carbonate (TUMS) |
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Term
Aluminum/Calcium (maalox) side effects |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Calcium carbonate (TUMS) side effects |
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Definition
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Term
Should antacids be used for a long period of time? |
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Definition
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Term
Antacids increase absorption of |
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Definition
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Term
Antacids decrease absorption of |
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Definition
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Term
Antacids increase excretion of |
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Definition
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Term
Antacids decrease excretion of |
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Definition
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Term
Pts with HTN or HF should use what type of antacids? |
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Definition
low sodium- riopan, maalox, mylanta II |
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Term
Medications are given how many hours after giving an antacid? |
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Definition
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Term
What should antacids be administered with? |
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Definition
8oz of water to enhance absorption |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
sulcrafate (carafate) is given |
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Definition
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Term
sulcrafate creates a barrier for |
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Definition
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Term
What is the most common side effect of sulcrafate (carafate)? |
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Definition
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Term
Sulcrafate inhibits the absorption of |
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Definition
warfarin, dig, phenytoin, theophylline, fluoroquinoline abx |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Misoprostol (cytotec) is given |
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Definition
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Term
Misoprostol prevents gastric ulcers caused by |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
abd cramping, diarrhea, spotting/amenorrhea in women |
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Term
antiemetics are given to suppress |
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Definition
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Term
Antiemetic drugs, 3 sites of action |
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Definition
GI tract, inner ear, cerebral cortex |
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Term
antiemetics that target GI |
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Definition
-prokinetic drugs -serotonin blockers |
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Term
antiemetics that target inner ear |
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Definition
-anticholinergic -antihistamines -neuroleptics -prokinetic drugs |
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Term
antiemetics that target cerebral cortex |
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Definition
-THC -corticosteroids -benzodiazapenes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
scopolamine is primarily used to treat |
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Definition
motion sickness, secretions prior to surgery |
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Term
Meclizine (antivert) is an |
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Definition
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Term
if scopolamine is a patch, where should it be applied? |
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Definition
hairless area behind the ear |
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Term
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Definition
motion sickness, vertigo, rhinitis, sedation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Ondansetron is the generic name for |
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Definition
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Term
Zofran treats nausea associated with |
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Definition
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|
Term
substance p/neukinin 1 antagonists |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Aprepitant (emend) has adverse effects when combined with |
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Definition
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Term
What drug is usually given before chemo? And which is usually given after? |
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Definition
lorazepam (ativan) before, Ondansetron(zofran) after |
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Term
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Definition
parkinson's like symptoms, anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, urinary retention), hypotension, sedation |
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Term
Halperidol (Haldol) acts similar to |
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Definition
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|
Term
Why is ECG monitoring necessary for those on Haldol? |
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Definition
haldol can cause prolonged QT interval and fatal dysrhythmias |
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Term
metoclopramide (Relgan) can cause |
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Definition
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Term
what drugs are considered both antihistamines and anticholinergics? |
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Definition
dimenhydrinate (dramamine) meclizine (antivert) cyclizine (Marezine) |
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Term
most anti-emetics cause severe |
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Definition
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|
Term
antiemetics mixed with alcohol can cause severe |
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Definition
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|
Term
anti-emetic agents are given how long before the chemo therapy agent? |
|
Definition
30 min-3 hours before the chemo is administered |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
-bismuth subsalicylate (pepto) -kaolin pectin, activated charcoal (kaopectate) |
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Term
which anticholinergics treat diarrhea? |
|
Definition
-belladona alkaloids (donnatol) -atropine -hyoscyamine |
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Term
what happens when adsorbants are given with anti-coags? |
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Definition
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|
Term
anatacids decrease the effects of |
|
Definition
anticholinergics used to treat diarrhea |
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Term
adsorbents decrease the absorption of |
|
Definition
quinidine, dig, clindamycin, hypoglycemic agents |
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Term
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Definition
children under 16 teens with chicken pox BC REYE'S SYNDROME |
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Term
|
Definition
-alosetron (lotronex) W ONLY! -amitiza -zelnorm |
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Term
|
Definition
-constipation dominent only -full bowel prep prior to starting |
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Term
-diol's are used to dissolve |
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Definition
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|
Term
what drugs treat seizures? |
|
Definition
-barbituates (i.e. phenobarbitol) -valproates (i.e. depakote) -hydantoins (i.e. phenytoin) -new AED's (i.e. gabapentin) -imostilbenes (i.e. carbamezapine) -succinimides -levetiracetam (Keppra) -topiramate (Topamax) |
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Term
|
Definition
-phenobarbital -phenytoin -topiramate |
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Term
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Definition
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|
Term
oxcarbazepine (Trileptal reacts with |
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Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
Insulin lispro (Humalog) Insulin aspart (NovoLog) Insuline glulisine (Apidra |
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|
Term
|
Definition
regular insulin (humulin r, novolin r) |
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Term
|
Definition
NPH (humulin n, novolin n) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Insulin detemir (Levemir) Insulin glargine (Lantus) |
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|
Term
rapid acting insulin onset |
|
Definition
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|
Term
short acting insulin onset |
|
Definition
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|
Term
intermediate insulin onset |
|
Definition
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|
Term
long acting insulin onset |
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Definition
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|
Term
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
|
|
Term
oral antidiabetic agents end in |
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Definition
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|
Term
Metformin (Glucophage) is taken with meals to |
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Definition
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|
Term
oral antidiabetic agents are usually taken |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Alpha-glucosidase (acarbose, miglitol) inhibitors are with the first bite of each main meal |
|
Definition
with the first bite of each main meal |
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|
Term
thyroid replacement drugs for hypothyroidism |
|
Definition
levothyroxine (Synthroid, Levoxyl) liothyronine (Cytomel) liotrix (Thyrolar) Thyroid |
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|
Term
thyroid replacment drugs react with |
|
Definition
Oral anticoagulants Digitalis glycosides Cholestyramine Patients with diabetes may need to increase their doses of hypoglycemic agents |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-thionamides (methamizole, PTU-propylthiouracil) -iodine |
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|
Term
|
Definition
hyperthyroidism graves disease |
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|
Term
thyroid drugs should be taken in the am to decrease |
|
Definition
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|
Term
when on antithyroids the pt should avoid food high in |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Symptoms of overdose of thyroid hormones include cold intolerance, depression, edema |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
the higher the bleeding tendencies |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
Aspirin can also be used as an |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
corticosteroids used to treat resp inflammation |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-advair -symbicort (think -erol) |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
ACE inhibitors most common side effect |
|
Definition
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|
Term
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors |
|
Definition
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|
Term
nicotinic acid (niacin) treats |
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
starts w -chole -chol think cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-ines (ex: dobutamine, dopamine) |
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|
Term
how to treat digoxin toxicity |
|
Definition
digibind- aka digoxin immune fab |
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Term
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Definition
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|