Term
Acetaminophen antedote?
Why? |
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Definition
N-acetylcysteine
Prevents toxic metabolyte from forming |
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Term
Arsenic/mercury/gold/lead antedote?
Why? |
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Definition
BAL (dimercaprol)
chelator |
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Term
Benzodiazepines (BZD’s) antedote?
Why? |
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Definition
Flumazenil
receptor antagonist |
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Term
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Definition
Glucagon
May reverse hypotension and bradycardia |
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Term
| Calcium channel blockers, flouride antedote? |
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Definition
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Term
Carbon monoxide antedote?
Why? |
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Definition
Oxygen, hyperbaric oxygen
100% non-rebreather mask; hyperbaric O2 is controversial (acc to text) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Digoxin-specific Fab fragments
Give Ab fragments to inactivate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Deferoxamine
100 mg of deferoxamine binds 8.5 mg of iron |
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Term
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Definition
Pyridoxine
(Vit B6), competitive |
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Term
Ethylene glycol (antifreeze), Methanol antedote?
Why? |
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Definition
Ethanol/fomipazole
Give EtOH so enzyme busy metabolizing EtOH rather than posonings; fomipazole is easier to use than EtOH |
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Term
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Definition
Nalozone
Opioid antagonist, duration of action may be shorter than that of opioid being antagonized |
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Term
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Definition
Methelene blue
React and inactivate each other |
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Term
| Orgaophosphates (pesticides) antedote? |
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Definition
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Term
TCA’s, Quinidine antedote?
Why? |
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Definition
Bicaronate, sodium
Reverses cardiotoxic effects (wide QRS, hypotension) |
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Term
Antimuscarinic, anticholiergic agents (but NOT TCA’s) antedote?
Why? |
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Definition
Physostigmine
Lasts 30-60 minutes, dose may need to be repeated |
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Term
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Definition
Indicated if ingestion within 1 hour
Takes about 18-22 minute before you puke
Contraindicated if <9 months, pregnant, no gag reflex, corrosive ingestion, h/o seizures |
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Term
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Definition
Indicated if ingestion within 4 hours (better if 1 hours)
Contraindicated if acidic or alkaline ingestion |
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Term
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Definition
Good for most substances
DON’T GIVE IPECAC TO SOMEONE WHO WILL GET CHARCOAL!
Give 1g/kg and keep giving every 4 hours thereby drawing toxins from the bloodstream into the GI tract (remember diffusion)
Does not absorb lithium, iron, potassium, ethanol, cyanide, strong acids and bases, and hydrocarbons |
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Term
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Definition
Effective in barbiturate and salicylate ingestions
Giving bicarbonate helps enhance elimination of weak acids |
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Term
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Definition
| Low molecular weight water soluble molecules (alcohols, amphetamines, phenobarbital, lithium, salicylates, theophylline, thiocyanate) |
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Term
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Definition
Barbiturates, salicylates, theophylline
Essentially takes blood through charcoal filter and puts it back |
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Term
| Category A (teratogenic risk of a drug) |
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Definition
| Controlled studies failed to show risk in 1st trimester |
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Term
| Category B (teratogenic risk of a drug) |
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Definition
| No studies done in women, but studies done in animals showed no teratogenic effects |
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Term
| Category C (teratogenic risk of a drug) |
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Definition
| Risk in animals, no studies in women performed, no one knows; benefits must outweigh risks. |
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Term
| Category D (teratogenic risk of a drug) |
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Definition
| Evidence of risk in humans (example: phenytoin); benefits must outweigh risks. |
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Term
| Category X (teratogenic risk of a drug) |
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Definition
| Completely contraindicated!!!! |
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