Term
|
Definition
cholinergic antagonists/ cholinergic blockers unopposed sympathetic stimulation block muscarinic receptors do not block nicotinic receptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(Dose Dependent) Xerostomia, Blurred vision, Irritated eyes, Tachycardia, Constipation, CNS: Restlessness, confusion, hallucinations, delirium IF TOXIC treat with lose dose cholinesterase inhibitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Direct Cholinergic Agonist Not destroyed by acetylcholinesterase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Direct Cholinergic Agonist Muscarinic + Nicotinic Actions Resistant to acetylcholinesterases Non-selectivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GI: ↑ intestinal motility & tone, GU: Expulsion of urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Postoperative abdominal distention or urinary distention |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Effects of generalized cholinergic stimulation: Sweating, Salivation, Flushing, ↓ BP, Nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, Bronchospasm -Be careful with asthma pts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Non-selectivity Used locally in the eye: Miotic agent for glaucoma- Causes pupillary constriction & ↓ intraocular pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Little AE’s with ophthalmic use due to little systemic absorption- BUT can in some instances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Direct Cholinergic Agonist, structurally similar to Ach Resistant to acetylcholinesterases Muscarinic activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
When applied locally to eye it causes miosis & contraction of ciliary muscle Vision is fixed at a distance making it very difficult to focus Promotes salivation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Emergent lowering of intraocular pressure: Very effective for opening trabecular meshwork around Schlemm’s canal (↑ drainage of aqueous humor) Xerostomia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
May enter CNS & cause systemic effects: Profuse sweating, Salivation |
|
|
Term
Physostigmine - drug class |
|
Definition
Indirect Cholinergic Agonist Acetylcholinesterase substrate- form stable bond to inhibit Ach destruction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Treatment of overdoses of drugs with anticholinergic actions (reversal of CNS effects of atropine) ↑ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Convulsions (high doses), bradycardia & ↓CO, skeletal muscle paralysis may enter CNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Indirect Cholinergic Agosist Synthetic inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase - more Ach available |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Greater effects on skeletal muscle: stimulates contractility before paralyzing effects Polar compound: ↓ CNS penetration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stimulation of bladder & GI tract Antidote for tubocurarine (& other NM blocking agents) Myasthenia gravis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Generalized cholinergic effects: Salivation, ↓ BP, flushing, nausea, Abd. Pain, diarrhea, bronchospasm |
|
|
Term
Pyridostigmine & ambenomium |
|
Definition
Anticholinesterase chronic myasthenia gravis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anticholinesterase
chronic open-angle glaucoma
closed- angle glaucoma
Dx & Tx of accommodative esotropia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Anticholinesterase
DoA 10-20min
Dx of myasthenia gravis
May cause cholinergic crisis: antidote=atropine |
|
|
Term
Tacrine, Donepazil, Rivastigmine & Galatamine |
|
Definition
Anticholinesterases
Use in Alzheimer's disease
AE: GI upset |
|
|
Term
Echothiophate - drug class |
|
Definition
Anticholinesterase- Irreversible bond permanantly inactives acetylcholinesterase- synthesis of new molecules for normal activity to return |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Toxic- found in nerve gases & insecticides Generalized cholinergic activity, paralysis of motor function, convulsions Miosis-used topically for glaucoma (3rd line tx) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
eye: myhydriasis (danger in narrow-angle glaucoma), no light response, cycloplegia GI: antispasmotic (POTENT) Urinary: decrease hypermotility of bladder decrease secretions: sweat, lacrimation, salivary, respiration tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Ophthalmic- dilates Antispasmodic- relax GI tract Antisecretory- blocks secretions of respiratory tract (preoperatively) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cholinergic antagonists/ cholinergic blockers nopposed sympathetic stimulation block muscarinic receptors do not block nicotinic receptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
One of the most effective anti-motion sickness drugs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prevention of motion sickness Used in anesthetic regimens- to dry secretions Prophylactic treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cholinergic antagonists/ cholinergic blockers unopposed sympathetic stimulation block muscarinic receptors do not block nicotinic receptors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
local action & low CNS effects- little AE associated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Inhalant- for COPD & some asthma (2nd line) Polar: low CNS effects |
|
|
Term
Tropicamide & Cylcopentolate |
|
Definition
cholinergic antagonists/ cholinergic blockers opthalmic conditions: mydriasis & cycloplegia (like atropine) Shorter DoA than atropine |
|
|
Term
Tolterodine, Solifenancin, & Festoterodine |
|
Definition
Competitive muscarinic receptor antagonists Used for overactive bladder (contraction of bladder smooth muscle) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nicotonic: Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs Antagonists (Non-depolarizing type): Competition with Ach to binding site = flaccid paralysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lowers the amount of anesthesia required for surgical procedures can overcome by increasing concentration of Ach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Histamine release & ganglionic blockade |
|
|
Term
Succinylcholine - Drug class |
|
Definition
Nicotinic: Depolarizing Neuromuscular Blockers |
|
|
Term
Succinylcholine - Actions |
|
Definition
Causes transient twitching of the muscles (fasiculations)- flaccid paralysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rapid endotracheal intubation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hyperthermia, Apnea (pts with low plasma cholinesterases), Hyperkalemia (risk with pts with massive tissue damage) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nondepolarizing nicotinic neuromuscular blocker Vagolytic (increases HR) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Direct adrenergic agonist, catecholamine a (high doses predominate) & b (low doses predominate) receptors |
|
|
Term
Direct Adrenergic Agonists |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Indirect Adrenergic agonists |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|