Term
Physostigmine (Antilirium) |
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Definition
Cholinesterase Inhibitor. Prevent ChE from breaking ACh down into choline and acetate. Keeps ACh in synapse; Constrict pupils (miotic) |
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Term
Pilocarpine (Isopto carpine) |
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Definition
Muscarinic Agonist. Binds to mChR on postsynaptic cell. Constrict pupils (miotic) |
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Term
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Definition
Muscarinic Antagonist. Antagonist at mChR on postsynaptic cell. Treat ChEI poisoning, dilate pupils (cycloplegic) |
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Term
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Definition
Muscarinic Antagonist. Antagonist at mChR on postsynaptic cell. Dilate pupils (cycloplegic) |
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Term
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Definition
Muscarinic Antagonist. Antagonist at mChR on postsynaptic cell. Dilate pupils (cycloplegic) |
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Term
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Definition
Muscarinic Antagonist. Antagonist at mChR on postsynaptic cell. Dilate pupils (cycloplegic) |
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Term
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Definition
Nicotinic Agonist. Binds to nChR on postsynaptic cell. Aleterness, muscle contraction |
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Term
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Definition
Nicotinic/Ganglionic Blocker. Antagonist at nChR at NMJ. Relax skeletal muscle |
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Term
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Definition
Sympathomimetic. Directly Acting Agonist. Increase SNS activity |
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Term
Phenylephrine (Neo Synephrine) |
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Definition
Sympathomimetic. α1-Selective Agonist. Contraction of radial muscle, dilate pupils (mydriatic) |
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Term
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Definition
Sympathomimetic. β2-Selective Agonist. Smooth muscle relaxation |
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Term
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Definition
Sympathomimetic. Nonselective, Indirectly Acting. Facilitate NE release, dilate pupils |
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Term
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Definition
Sympatholytic. β-Blocker, Nonselective. Prevent NE from binding to receptor |
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Term
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Definition
Sympatholytic. β-Blocker, Nonselective. Prevent NE from binding to receptor |
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Term
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Definition
GLAUCOMA DRUG .α2 Adrenergic Agonists (18%). Decrease production of aqueous humor |
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Term
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Definition
GLAUCOMA DRUG. α2 Adrenergic Agonists (18%). Decrease production, increase outflow |
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Term
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Definition
Glaucoma Drug. β Blockers (25%). Decrease production. Use this first (or prost), then add another drug. |
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Term
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Definition
CAIs (18%) . Decrease production |
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Term
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Definition
CAIs (18%) . Decrease production. Suspension. |
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Term
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Definition
CAIs (18%) . Decrease production. Solution. |
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Term
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Definition
Miotics, Direct. Opens angle so outflow can increase. Increase outflow. |
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Term
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Definition
Miotics, ChE I. Increase outflow. |
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Term
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Definition
Prostaglandins (33%). Increase uveoscleral outflow. Use this (or timolol) first. Add 2nd drug if necessary |
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Term
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Definition
Prostaglandins (33%). Increase uveoscleral outflow. Use this (or timolol) first. Add 2nd drug if necessary |
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Term
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Definition
Create osmotic gradient between ocular fluids and plasma. Lower IOP. IV injection; last resort. |
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Term
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Definition
Pre-operative medication. Opioid. Decrease anxiety, nausea; increase comfort. Also decrease transit and fluid accumulation in intestine. |
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Term
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Definition
Inhaled Anesthetic. Decrease neural conductivity by impeding ion channel opening. Anesthesia. Nonspecific. Potency determined by lipid solubility. |
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Term
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Definition
Ester group - PABA. Prevent generation/conduction of nerve impulses. Reduce sodium permeability, reduce rate of rise of AP. Local anesthetic. Loosens epithelium of cornea, reduces reflexive tears. |
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Term
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Definition
Ester group - PABA. Prevent generation/conduction of nerve impulses. Reduce sodium permeability, reduce rate of rise of AP. Local anesthetic. Loosens epithelium of cornea, reduces reflexive tears. |
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Term
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Definition
Amide group - benzoic acid. Same action as ester group. Local Anesthetic. Used in minor surgical procedures & for spinal anesthesia |
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Term
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Definition
Intravenous. IV Anesthetic. Induction and maintenance of unconsciousness |
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Term
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Definition
Nitrate. Cardiac drug. Dilate blood vessels, decrease O2 demand, increase O2 supply. Stop acute angina attack. Stop acute angina attack |
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Term
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Definition
Anti-anginal. Class 1a - bind to sodium channel; intermediate onset & offset, slows conduction velocity (mild), prolongs AP. slows conduction velocity (mild), prolongs AP |
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Term
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Definition
Anti-dysrhythmic. Class IV (Ca blocker) - vasodilation, increase O2, slow conduction. Stabilize dysrhythmia, HTN, & angina. Stabilize dysrhythmia, HTN, & angina |
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Term
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Definition
Anti-dysrhythmic. Class IV (Ca blocker) - vasodilation, increase O2, slow conduction. Stabilize dysrhythmia, HTN, & angina. Stabilize dysrhythmia, HTN, & angina |
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Term
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Definition
IONOTROPIC CHF TREATMENT. Cardiac Glycoside. Inhitbit ATPase, increase intracellular [Ca]Decrease heart size, increase renal blood flow. Use for CHF, atrial fibrillation and flutter |
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Term
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Definition
IONOTROPIC CHF TREATMENT. Beta-adrenergic Agonist.Increase [Ca], enhance contractility; Vasodilation. Improve cardiac performance |
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Term
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Definition
IONOTROPIC CHF TREATMENT. Beta-adrenergic Agonist. Increase [Ca], enhance contractility; Vasodilation. Improve cardiac performance |
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Term
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Definition
IONOTROPIC CHF TREATMENT. Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor. Increase myocardial contraction; vasodilation. Short term control of acute heart failure |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertension drug. β-Blocker. Competitive antagonist on beta-receptors.Slow heart rate, dilate vessels |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertension drug. α- and β-Blocker. Selective alpha and nonselective beta blocker. Decrease BP |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertension drug. Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist. Block vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion. Decrease blood pressure |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertension drug. ACE Inhibitor. Decrease angiotensin II. Decrease blood volume and BP |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertension drug. Vasodilator. Direct relaxation of vascular SM, decrease total periph resistance. Vessels expand, increase blood flow, decrease BP. Inadequate as a sole therapy; combo w/ beta blockers & diuretics |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertesion drug. Thiazide Diuretic. Block reabsorption of Na, increase excretion of Cl, K, HCO3. Promote water loss, relieve edema. Site: distal convoluted tubules. 1 of the most commonly used diuretics. |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertension drug. Thiazide-Like Diuretic. Block reabsorption of Na, increase excretion of Cl, K, HCO3. Promote water loss, relieve edema. Site: distal convoluted tubules. 1 of the most commonly used diuretics. |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertension drug. Loop Diuretic. Inhibit Na & Cl reabsoption; increase H2O, Na, Cl, K excretion. Rapid water loss. More rapid and effective than thiazides |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertension drug. Potassium-Sparing Diuretic. Block Na channel @ distal convoluted tubule & collecting duct. Produce mild diuresis |
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Term
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Definition
Hypertension drug. Potassium-Sparing Diuretic. Block Na channel @ distal convoluted tubule & collecting duct. Produce mild diuresis. Use in hyperaldosteronism |
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Term
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Definition
Antihyperlipidemic. Bile Acid Sequestrant. Bind with bile salts in intestinal tract; complex is excreted. Decrease serum cholesterol and LDL |
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Term
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Definition
Antihyperlipidemics. HMG-CoA RI (Statins). Increase HDL. Reduce LDL and cholesterol. Most effective drugs for reducing LDL and cholesterol levels |
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Term
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Definition
Antihyperlipidemic. Fibric Acid Derivative. Block lypolysis of TG in fat cells, inhibit uptake of FA in liver. Decrease TG and VLDL, increase HDL |
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Term
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Definition
Antihyperlipidemic. Fibric Acid Derivative. Block lypolysis of TG in fat cells, inhibit uptake of FA in liver. Decrease TG and VLDL, increase HDL |
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Term
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Definition
Antihyperlipidemic. Cholesterol Absorption Blocker. Inhibits absorption of cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
Antihyperlipidemic. Cholesterol Absorption Blocker. Inhibits lipase. "Alli" diet drug |
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Term
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Definition
Misc Antihyperlipidemic. Decrease in live triglyceride synthesis, required for VLDL, LDL. Decrease VLDL, LDL, and total cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
Other Diuretic. CA Inhibitor. Stop conversion of carbonic acid and bicarbonate into CO2. Decreased permeability @ proximal tubule |
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Term
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Definition
Other diuretic. Uricosuric agent. Competitively inhibit renal tubular reabsorption of uric acid. Relieve acute attacks of gouty arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
Other diuretic. Uricosuric agent. Reduce production of uric acid. Relieve acute attacks of gouty arthritis |
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Term
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Definition
RENIN-VASCULAR DRUG. Anticoagulant. Oral admin; interfere w/ synth. of vitK-dependent clotting factors. Decrease blood clotting, decrease thrombosis |
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Term
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Definition
RENIN-VASCULAR DRUGS. Anticoagulant. IV admin; Inhibit prothrombin->thrombin and fibrinogen->fibrin. Decrease blood clotting, decrease thrombosis |
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Term
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Definition
RENIN-VASCULAR DRUG. Antiplatelet. Keep platelets from binding together. Prevent clot formation in arteries |
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Term
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Definition
RENIN-VASCULAR DRUG. Thrombolytic. Facilitate plasminogen->plasmin, which hydrolyzes fibrin. Dissolve blood clots |
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Term
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Definition
RENIN-VASCULAR DRUG. Clot Formation. Binds to G protein-coupled receptor. Thrombosis; platelet aggregation |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Anti-Diarrheal.Inhibits formation of prostaglandins. Reduce diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Anti-Diarrheal. Increase flow resistance, decrease propulsion and fluid secretion. Reduce diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Anti-Diarrheal. Serotonin 5-HT3 antagonist. Reduce diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
Gi drug. Laxative. Increase colonic residue, stimulates peristalsis. Relieve constipation |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Aminosalicylate. Prodrug; cleaved to form 5-ASA. 5-ASA relieves irritable bowel disease (IBD) |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Anti-secretory. Proton pump inhibitor. Decreased gastric secretion of HCl; relieve GERD |
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Term
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Definition
Gi drug. Anti-secretory. Block H2-histamine receptors. Decreased gastric secretion of HCl; relieve GERD |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Antacid. Neutralize secreted acid. Relieve GERD. Also serves as a laxative |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Anti-Ulcer. Inhibit gastric acid secretion.Prevent NSAID-induced gastric ulcers |
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Term
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Definition
Gi drug. Anti-Ulcer. Antibiotic, eradicates H. pylori. Relives H. pylori-associated ulcers, in combo w/ amoxicillin or metronidazole and a PPI |
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Term
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Definition
Gi drug. Anti-Ulcer. Antibiotic, eradicates H. pylori. Relives H. pylori-associated ulcers in combination w/clarithromycin and a PPI |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Pro-Motility. Serotonin 5-HT4 agonist. Stimulate colonic motility |
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Term
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Definition
Gi drug. Pro-Motility. Binds to motilin receptors on nerves and muscles. Enhance GI tract contractions, increase emptying |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Pro-Motility. D2 dopamine receptor antagonist; stimulate ACh release. Smooth muscle cell excitation |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Hyperosmolar Agent. Bacterial fermentation in the colon. Increase stool osmolarity |
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Term
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Definition
GI drug. Bile Acid Therapy. Reduce cholesterol secretion into bile. Dissolve gallstones |
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Term
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Definition
Blood. Inhibits PG production. Closes ductus arteriosus |
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Term
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Definition
Blood. Prostaglandin; powerful vasodilator. Ductus arteriosus dilation in neonates w/ heart defects. Also used to treat erectile dysfunction |
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Term
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Definition
COPD. Muscarinic antagonist; derivative of atropine; inhaled. Treat COPD (combo with beta2-agonist) |
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Term
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Definition
COPD. Antiinflammatory.Treat bronchial hyperractivity (BHR) (seen in asthma) |
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Term
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Definition
Mast Cell Stabilizer. Inhibit histamine release, exercise-induced bronchospasm. Treat BHR, asthma |
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Term
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Definition
Mast Cell Stabilizer. Inhibit histamine release, exercise-induced bronchospasm. Treat BHR, asthma |
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Term
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Definition
Glucocorticoid. Suppress inflammatory gene expression, decrease inflammation. Relieve asthma and hay fever |
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Term
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Definition
Corticosteroid. Ester-based, shorter duration of action. Suppress eye inflammation. Most are ketone-based, last longer, can cause PSC |
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Term
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Definition
Corticosteroid. Ketone-based. Suppress eye inflammation. |
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Term
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Definition
Corticosteroid. Close to prednisolone; decreased propensity to raise IOP. Suppress eye inflammation, post-operative; also treat anterior uveitis |
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Term
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Definition
Corticosteroid. Relief of mild blepharodermatitis. OTC |
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Term
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Definition
Corticosteroid. Macrolide immunosuppressant; inhibit T-lymphocyte activation. Second-line therapy for mild-moderate atopic dermatitis. Steroid-sparing therapy |
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Term
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Definition
Corticosteroid. Emulsion; ketone-based. Management of inflammation and pain after surgery. Emulsion = enhanced contact time, less frequent dosage |
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Term
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Definition
Topical NSAID. Prodrug, enzymatically converted to amfenac. Treat macular edema after cataract surgery |
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Term
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Definition
Allergies. H1 receptor blocker. Relieve allergic conjunctivitis. Pataday, Patanol |
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Term
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Definition
Allergies. H1 receptor blocker. Relieve allergic conjunctivitis. Benadryl |
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Term
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Definition
Allergies. H1 receptor blocker. Relieve allergic conjunctivitis. Acular LS |
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Term
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Definition
Allergies. H1 receptor blocker. Relieve allergic conjunctivitis. Alaway; active ingredient in OTC drops |
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Term
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Definition
Allergies. H1 receptor blocker. Relieve allergic conjunctivitis. |
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Term
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Definition
Treat ocular itching + allergic conjunctivitis |
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Term
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Definition
DRY EYE DRUG. Works well in combination with warm compresses. Treat dry eye and blepharitis |
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Term
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Definition
DRY EYE DRUG. Takes a long time to start working. Long-term management of dry eye. Restasis |
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Term
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Definition
DRY EYE DRUG. Oral; enhance function of meibomian gland secretion. Increase lipid in tears |
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Term
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Definition
Treat Epilepsy. Inhibit GluR. Treat partial (focal) and tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures. |
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Term
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Definition
Treat Epilepsy. Increase action of GABA. Treat status epilepticus (emergency, last 30+ mins) |
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Term
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Definition
Treat Epilepsy. Decrease action of calcium. Treat absence (petit mal) seizures |
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Term
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Definition
Treat Epilepsy. Increase GABA. Treat tonic-clonic and absence seizures |
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Term
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Definition
Treat Epilepsy. GABA analog. Treat tonic-clonic and absence seizures. Secondary drug |
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Term
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Definition
Treat Epilepsy. Inhibit GluR. Treat partial (focal) seizures. |
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Term
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Definition
Treat Epilepsy. Inhibit GluR. Treat partial (focal) seizures. Secondary drug. |
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Term
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Definition
Treat Epilepsy. Inhibit GluR. Treat partial (focal) seizures, migraine, manic-depression, neuropathic pain. Secondary. Can cause bilateral acute angle closure |
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Term
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Definition
Dopamine precursor. Treat Parkinson's disease |
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Term
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Definition
MAOB inhibitor. Treat Parkinson's disease. May have neuroprotective properties |
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Term
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Definition
Dopamine agonist. Treat Parkinson's disease. Injectable. |
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Term
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Definition
Dopamine agonist. Treat Parkinson's disease. Also treats postpartum lactation, acromegaly |
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Term
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Definition
Dopamine agonist. Treat Parkinson's disease |
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Term
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Definition
Dopamine agonist. Treat Parkinson's disease |
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Term
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Definition
Antiviral agent (for influenza). Treat Parkinson's disease. Mild treatment activity. |
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Term
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Definition
Anticholinergic. Treat Parkinson's disease. Reserved for younger pts who have a lot of Ach |
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Term
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Definition
Anticholinergic. Treat Parkinson's disease. Reserved for younger pts who have a lot of Ach |
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Term
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Definition
Cholinesterase inhibitor. Treat Alzheimer's. |
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Term
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Definition
Cholinesterase inhibitor. Treat Alzheimer's. |
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Term
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Definition
Treat Alzheimer's. Glutamate receptor antagonist. Treat Alzheimer's. Neuroprotective. |
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Term
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Definition
Typical (older generation) antipsychotic. Block postsynaptic D2R, centrally and peripherially. Treat + symptoms of schizophrenia. Can cause opaque deposits in cornea and lens. |
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Term
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Definition
Typical (older generation) antipsychotic. Block postsynaptic D2R, centrally and peripherially. Treat + symptoms of schizophrenia. |
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Term
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Definition
Typical (older generation) antipsychotic. Block postsynaptic D2R, centrally and peripherially. Treat + symptoms of schizophrenia. Large doses can cause retinitis pigmentosa. |
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Term
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Definition
Atypical antipsychotic. Block D2 and 5-HT2A. Treat + and - symptoms of schizophrenia. Preferred for patients w/ metabolic risk factors. |
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Term
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Definition
Atypical antipsychotic. Block D2 and 5-HT2A. Treat + and - symptoms of schizophrenia. Preferred for patients w/ metabolic risk factors. |
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Term
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Definition
Atypical antipsychotic. Block D2 and 5-HT2A. Treat + and - symptoms of schizophrenia. Preferred for patients w/ metabolic risk factors. |
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Term
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Definition
Atypical antipsychotic. Block D2 and 5-HT2A. Treat + and - symptoms of schizophrenia. Preferred for patients w/ metabolic risk factors. |
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Term
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Definition
Increase NE and 5-HT in CNS by blocking reuptake. First-generation antidepressant. Tricyclic. |
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Term
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Definition
Increase NE and 5-HT in CNS by blocking reuptake. First-generation antidepressant. Tricyclic. |
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Term
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Definition
Increase NE and 5-HT in CNS by blocking reuptake. First-generation antidepressant. Tricyclic. |
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Term
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Definition
Increase NE and 5-HT in CNS by blocking reuptake. First-generation antidepressant. Tricyclic. |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibit MAO (plays role in NE breakdown in synapse). First-generation antidepressant. |
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Term
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Definition
SSRI. Block reuptake of 5-HT. Treat depression. Second-generation; first choice antidepressant. |
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Term
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Definition
SSRI. Block reuptake of 5-HT. Treat depression. Second-generation; first choice antidepressant. |
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Term
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Definition
SSRI. Block reuptake of 5-HT. Treat depression. Second-generation; first choice antidepressant. |
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Term
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Definition
SSRI. Block reuptake of 5-HT. Treat depression. Second-generation; first choice antidepressant. |
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Term
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Definition
SNRI. Block reuptake of 5-HT and NE. Treat depression. Second-generation. |
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Term
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Definition
SNRI. Block reuptake of 5-HT and NE. Treat depression. Second-generation. |
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Term
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Definition
SNRI. Block reuptake of DA and NE. Treat depression. Less likely association with weight gain. |
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Term
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Definition
Serotonin modulator. 5-HT antagonist and reuptake inhibitor. Treat depression. Second generation. |
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Term
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Definition
Treat bipolar disorder. Low TI. |
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Term
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Definition
Increase GABA (anticonvulsant). Treat bipolar disorder. Contraindicated in pts with hepatic impairment. |
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Term
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Definition
Inhibit GluR (anticonvulsant). Treat bipolar disorder. |
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Term
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Definition
Block D2 and 5-HT2A (atypical antipsychotic). Treat bipolar disorder. |
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Term
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Definition
Increase action of GABA (ion-gated channel) (benzodiaz.) Treat bipolar disorder. |
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Term
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Definition
Bisphosphonate osteoporosis drug. Selectively inhibit bone demineralization & reabsorption. Increase bone mineral density. First choice in osteoporosis treatment |
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Term
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Definition
Bisphosphonate osteoporosis drug. Selectively inhibit bone demineralization & reabsorption. Increase bone mineral density. First choice in osteoporosis treatment. iv administration |
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Term
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Definition
Hormonal agent, osteoporosis drug. Reduce calcium in blood. Protect against calcium loss in skeleton. |
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Term
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Definition
Hormonal agent, osteoporosis drug. Selective estrogen receptor modulator. Replaces estrogen; decrease bone resorption and increase mass. Use for patients unable to take bisphosphanates |
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Term
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Definition
Analgesic Rheumatoid Arthritis drug. NSAID. |
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Term
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Definition
Analgesic Rheumatoid Arthritis drug. Opioid class |
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Term
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Definition
Analgesic Rheumatoid Arthritis drug. Potent opioid |
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Term
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Definition
DMARD. A first chocie for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Anti-malaria drug. Reduce/prevent joint damage, preserve joint integrity and function. Can cause deposits in retina and cornea. |
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Term
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Definition
DMARD. A first chocie for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. IBD drug. Reduce/prevent joint damage, preserve joint integrity and function |
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Term
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Definition
DMARD. A first chocie for rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Anti-metabolite (anti-cancer) drug. Reduce/prevent joint damage, preserve joint integrity and function. |
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Term
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Definition
Neuromuscular Blocking Agent. Depolarizing agent, occupy and activate nicotinic R. Relax muscle. Treat muscle spasm/pain. |
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Term
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Definition
Neuromuscular Blocking Agent. Nondepolarizing, antagonize ACh on nicotinic R. Relax muscle. Treat muscle spasm/pain. Can cause malignant hyperthermia. |
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Term
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Definition
Antispamodic. GABA agonist, act through CNS. Relax muscle. Treat muscle spasm/pain. |
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Term
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Definition
Antispamodic. Relax muscle. Treat muscle spasm/pain. |
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Term
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Definition
Antispamodic. Direct-acting skeletal muscle relaxant. Relax muscle. Treat muscle spasm/pain. |
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Term
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Definition
Epilepsy drug. Treat partial (focal) and tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizuresInactivates sodium channel and status epilepticus. |
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Term
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Definition
COMTi. Increases half-life of l-DOPA. Treat Parkinson's disease. |
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Term
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Definition
Cholinesterase inhibitor. Treat Alzheimer's. |
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Term
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Definition
Selectively inhibit bone demineralization & reabsorption. Increase bone mineral density. First choice in osteoporosis treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
Opioid class. Analgesic rheumatoid arthritis drug. |
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Term
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Definition
Neuromuscular Blocking Agent. Depolarizing agent, occupy and activate nicotinic R. Relax muscle. Treat muscle spasm/pain. |
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