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Pharm - DM complications
Pharm t5
35
Pharmacology
Graduate
04/03/2010

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Cards

Term
adults and children > __yo with T1DM should have an eye exam with ___ of their dx.
Definition
adults and children >/=10yo w T1DM should have an eye exam wn 5yrs of dx
Term
how long after dx should T2DM have their eye exam?
Definition
asap
Term
how often should diabetic get their eyes checked after their initial eval?
Definition
every year, of every 2-3yrs for those with an initial normal eye exam
Term
of the diabetic population, who is at a greater risk for developing retinopathy?
Definition
prego... should have comprehensive eye exam if considering pregnancy
Term
best way to reduce the risk of retinopathy:
Definition
glycemic control
Term
4 main control measures to reduce the risk of retinopathy:
Definition
1. glycemic control
2. BP control
3. control Lipid
4. routine eye exams
Term
single most common cause of end stage renal dz:
Definition
DM
Term
4 RF for the development of end stage renal dz:
Definition
1. hyperglycemia
2. HTN
3. proteinuria
4. Smoking
Term
recommended protein intake for prevention of nephropathy:
Definition
0.8gm/kg/day protein
Term
normal albumin level in urine:
Definition
<30mg/L spot collection
Term
microalbuminuria:
Definition
30-299mg/L spot collection
Term
macroalbuminuria:
Definition
>300mg/L
Term
guidlines for screening for albuminuria:
Definition
same as screening for retinopathy;
1. T1DM >10yo, 5yrs after dx creen anually
2. T2DM screen asap after dx
Term
any confirmed persistant albuminuria should be tx w:
Definition
an ACE inhibitor
Term
6 factors that cause transient elevations of urine albumin:
Definition
1. hyperglycemia
2. HTN
3. exercise
4. UTI
5. HF
6. Acute febrile illness
Term
if a UA is negative for protein it should be screened for:
Definition
microalbuminuria
Term
ACEs / ARBs in pregnancy?
Definition
contraindicated
Term
3 adverse effects of ACE/ARB
Definition
1. ACEs cause nonproductive cough
2. ACEs may cause angioedema
3. ARB& ACEs cause or contribute to HYPERKALEMIA
Term
3 interventions that will lower the risk of neuropathy:
Definition
1. glycemic control
2. smoking cesation
3. routine foot examination
Term
diagnostic criteria for DPN:
Definition
2/3 loss/decrease of sensation w pin prick, vibration, temperature
Term
LDL,HDL,TG goals for people w DM
Definition
LDL<100 (<70)
HDL >40men,>50females
TG<150
Term
Criteria for aspirin therapy for pt w DM:
Definition
1. men>50/women>60 with one adtnl RF (FHx,HTN,smoker,Dyslipiemia,microalbuminuria)
Term
dosing for primary prevention w aspirin therapy:
Definition
81-162mg
Term
high risk pts that cannot take ASA can use ______ for prevention
Definition
plavix
Term
what BP warrants Tx in DM
Definition
>140/90 drug therapy and life style changes
Term
all pts with DM and HTN should be tx w a regimine that includes either:
Definition
an ACE or ARB
Term
vaccination against ___ & ____ dz are part of prevention in DM therapy
Definition
Flu & pneumococcal
Term
risks in DM gestation at 4-8wks gestation:
Definition
hyperglycemia during organogenesis can result in malformation and spontaneous abortions
Term
diagnostic OGTT (100g) for GDM:
Definition
1. preprandial >95
2. 1Hr >180
3. 2hr>155
4. 3hr>140
Term
positive 50g OGTT =
Definition
>140
Term
glycemic goals for children and adolescents:
Definition
6-12yo: PPG90-180/A1c<8%
13-19yo:PPG90-130/A1c<7.5
Term
screening test for celiac dz
Definition
tansglutaminase & anti-endomysial
Term
celiac occurs in__% of pts w T1DM
Definition
1-16%
Term
hypothyroidism occure in __% of pt w T1DM:
Definition
17-30%
Term
screening tests for hypothyroidism
Definition
o Screen for thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin antibodies at diagnosis
o Monitor TSH after metabolic control is established; if abnormal then order a free T4
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