Term
Ach: where are cell bodies? How long are axons? What is the Renshaw synapse? |
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Definition
cell bodies at all levels, short and long, Motoneuron-Renshaw synapse |
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Term
Ach binds which M recepts? What are they blocked by? |
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Definition
M1 - blocked by pirenzepine and atropine M2 - blocked by atropine |
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Term
M1: Excite or inhibit? How? |
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Definition
M1: excitatory - ^IP3 and DAG, dec K+ conductance |
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Term
M2: excite or inhibit? How? |
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Definition
M2: inhibitory - decrease cAMP, ^ K+ conductance |
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Term
Nicotinic recepts - excite or inhibit? How? |
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Definition
excite - ^ cation conductance |
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Term
Dopamine: where are the cell bodies? How long are the axons? |
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Definition
all levels, short, medium and long axons |
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Term
Which D receptor is inhibitory? |
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Definition
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Term
D1: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
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Definition
D1 - inhibitory, ^cAMP (weird), blocked by phenothiazines |
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Term
D2: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
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Definition
D2: blocked by phenothiazines and haloperidol presyn - inhibitory, dec Ca2+ conductance postsyn - inhibitory, dec cAMP, ^K+ conductance |
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Term
Which D receptor increases cAMP? |
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Definition
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Term
Which D receptor is blocked by phenothiazines and haloperidol? |
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Definition
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Term
Norepi: where are the cell bodies? Where do they project? |
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Definition
Norepi - pons and brain stem, project to all levels |
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Term
a1 and b1 receptors are ________ |
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Definition
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Term
which adrenergic receptors are excitatory? |
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Definition
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Term
which adrenergic receptors are inhibitory? |
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Definition
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Term
a2 and b2 receptors are _______ |
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Definition
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Term
a1: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
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Definition
excite, ^IP3 and DAG, dec K+ conductance, blocked by prazosin |
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Term
which adrenoceptor uses IP3 and DAG? |
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Definition
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Term
What does prazosin block? |
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Definition
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Term
a2: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
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Definition
a2: inhibitory, ACTIVATED by clonidine Presyn: dec Ca2+ conductance Postsyn: dec cAMP, ^ K+ conductance |
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Term
which receptor does presyn inhibition by dec Ca2+ conductance and postsyn inhibition by dec cAMP and ^ K+ conductance? |
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Definition
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Term
a2 and b1 both affect _____ and _____ (intracellular messenger, ion) |
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Definition
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Term
b1: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
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Definition
b1: excitatory, blocked by propranolol ^ cAMP, dec K+ conductance |
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Term
b2: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
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Definition
inhibitory, ? increase in electrogenic sodium pump, blocked by propranolol |
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Term
Which receptor may cause inhibition by increasing the electrogenic Na pump? |
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Definition
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Term
norepi acts on which receptors? |
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Definition
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Term
serotonin: where are the cell bodies? where do they project? |
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Definition
pons and midbrain, project to all levels |
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Term
list the serotonin receptors |
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Definition
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Term
Which 5-HT receptors are excitatory? |
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Definition
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Term
Which 5-HT receptors are inhibitory? |
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Definition
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Term
Which 5-HT receptors use cAMP? |
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Definition
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Term
Which 5-HT receptors use IP3 and DAG? |
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Definition
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Term
name a partial agonist of 5-HT1a |
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Definition
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Term
What is the partial agonist of 5-HT1a? |
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Definition
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Term
5-HT1a: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
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Definition
inhibitory, ^ K+ conductance, buspirone is partial AGONIST |
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Term
Which drugs block 5-HT2a? |
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Definition
clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine |
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Term
clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine - they block which receptor? |
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Definition
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Term
5-HT2: excite or inhibit? How? What blocks it? |
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Definition
excitatory, ^IP3 and DAG, dec K+ conductance clozapine, risperidone and olanzapine block it |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
5-HT3: excite or inhibit? how? What blocks it? |
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Definition
excitatory, ^ cation conductance, blocked by ondansetron |
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Term
5-HT4: excite or inhibit? How? |
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Definition
5-HT4: excitatory, ^ cAMP, dec K+ conductance |
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Term
GABA: where are the neurons? what are they involved with? |
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Definition
supraspinal interneurons, spinal interneurons involved with presynaptic inhibition |
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Term
GABA-a is facilitated by... |
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Definition
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Term
Benzos and zolpidem facilitate... |
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Definition
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Term
GABA-b is activated by... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
GABA-a: excite or inhibit? how? |
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Definition
inhibitory, ^ Cl- conductance |
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Term
GABA-b: excite or inhibit? How? |
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Definition
inhibitory presyn: dec Ca2+ conductance postsyn: ^ K+ conductance |
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Term
Glutamate and aspartate are involved with _____ neurons at all levels |
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Definition
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Term
Which NTs are involved with relay neurons at all levels? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
phencyclidine, ketamine and memantine |
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Term
phencyclidine, ketamine and memantine - they block which receptor? |
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Definition
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Term
NMDA - excite or inhibit? How? |
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Definition
excitatory, ^ Ca2+ or cation conductance |
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Term
There are metabotropic subtypes of aspartate and glutamate receptors. Are they inhibitory or excitatory? Presynaptic or postsynaptic? |
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Definition
presyn: inhibitory postsyn: excitatory |
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Term
glutamate and aspartate - metabotropic presynaptic receptors: excite or inhibit? How? |
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Definition
inhibitory, dec cAMP, dec Ca2+ conductance |
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Term
glutamate and aspartate - metabotropic postsynaptic receptors: inhibitory or excitatory? How? |
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Definition
excitatory, ^IP3 and DAG, dec K+ conductance |
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Term
Glycine - where are its neurons? |
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Definition
interneurons in spinal cord and brain stem |
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Term
Glycine: excite or inhibit? How? Blocked by? |
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Definition
inhibitory, ^ Cl-, blocked by strychnine |
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Term
Which receptor is blocked by strychnine? |
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Definition
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Term
What are the three major subtypes of opioid receptors? |
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Definition
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Term
Are opioid receptors excitatory or inhibitory? |
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Definition
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Term
How do presynaptic opioid receptors work? |
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Definition
inhibitory, dec Ca2+, dec cAMP |
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Term
how do postsynaptic opioid receptors work? |
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Definition
inhibitory, dec K+, dec cAMP |
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Term
hierarchical systems - describe them and their NTs |
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Definition
large myelinated, rapid conduction, excitatory: aspartate and glutamate inhibitory: GABA and glycine |
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Term
Which type of system does this describe: large myelinated, rapid conduction, excitatory: aspartate and glutamate inhibitory: GABA and glycine |
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Definition
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Term
diffuse systems - describe them and their NTs |
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Definition
broad distribution, fine branching axons, varicosities. Amines or peptides: NE, dopamine, serotonin Affect attention, appetite, emotional stress |
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Term
which type of system does this describe: broad distribution, fine branching axons, varicosities. Amines or peptides: NE, dopamine, serotonin Affect attention, appetite, emotional stress |
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Definition
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Term
With the exception of 5-HT___, all the serotonin recepts are metabotropic |
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Definition
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Term
Fast IPSPs are blocked by ______ receptor antagonists, and slow IPSPs are blocked by ______ receptor antagonists |
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Definition
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Term
______ is a mediator of slow EPSPs in neurons involved with nociceptive sensory pathways in the spinal cord and brain stem |
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Definition
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Term
______ are brain lipid derivatives that are synthesized and released postsynaptically after depolarization but travel backward presynaptically (retrograde) to decrease NT release |
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Definition
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