Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Therapeutic uses of sedative hypnotics |
|
Definition
Antianxiety relief
Sedative
Hypnotic
Anticonvulsant
Treat skeletal muscle spasm
Treat alcohol withdrawal syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Increase synaptic inhibition
Enhance action of GABA
Very high therapeutic index
Capsule or intravenous
Overdose, high degree cross tolerance, sudden discontinuation lead to withdrawal |
|
|
Term
| Short Term Use Benzodiazepines |
|
Definition
Low-Mod Doses:
Relief from anxiety and tension, relaxation and calmness, impairment motor coordination, drowsiness, lethargy, fatigue, impairment of thinking and memory
Respiratory depression, gastrointestinal symptoms,impair driving
High Doses:
Drowsiness, over-sedation, sleep, intoxicated state, coma |
|
|
Term
| Long Term Use Benzodiazepines |
|
Definition
| Chronic sedative-hypnotic intoxication: impaired thinking, poor memory and judgement, disorientation, slurred speech, incoordination and weak muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Potent CNS depressants
Low dose state relaxation, tranquillity, mild impair cognitive and motor function
Death from respiratory failure
Phenobarbital used at antiepileptic
Low therapeutic index
Oral and intravenous |
|
|
Term
| Short Term Use Barbiturates |
|
Definition
Low:
tranquillity, relaxation, mild euphoria, dizziness, mild impairment of motor coordination
Moderate:
induce sleep, intoxication
High:
Sleep, lose consciousness |
|
|
Term
| Long Term Use Barbiturates |
|
Definition
| Chronic inebriation, memory, judgement and thinking impaired, hostility and mood swings |
|
|
Term
| Tolerance and Dependence of Barbiturates |
|
Definition
Very rapid tolerance to sleep induction and mood effects, high degree cross tolerance
Addiction, physical dependence, withdrawal (tremours, anxiety, weakness, insomnia, seizures, delirium, visual hallucinations, high body temp) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| GABA receptor antagonist, blocks effects benzodiazepines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| GABA receptor agonist, does not disturb sleep patterns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acts on 5-HT receptor, generalized anxiety states, non-additive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hypnotic, causes heart burn and unusual taste in mouth |
|
|
