Term
| T/F Drugs are generally less well distributed to poorly perfused tissues compared with highly perfused tissues |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F When graphed, non-linear pharmacokinetics are characterized by data that exhibits a straight line only when plotted as log-log functions. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Formation clearance (Clp->mX) is a non-linear pharmacokinetic parameter that provides a meaningful estimate of the portion of the total body clearance that is accounted for by production of a specific metabolite |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Biopharmaceutics is defined as the study of the relationship between the nature and intensity of a drug's effects and various drug formulation or administration factors. |
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Definition
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Term
| Heart failure reduces cardiac output and hepatic blood flow. Consequently, the total daily dose of lidocaine may need to be decreased in a patient with heart failure who has a myocardial infarction. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F If drug A is absorbed at a faster rate than another similar drug B, drug A may produce a higher peak concentration but delayed onset of action than drug B. |
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Definition
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Term
| For most drugs, when clearance is decreased but volume of distribution is unchanged, the dosing interval and the dose should be similar to that in healthy person. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F First-pass effect is removal of drug by the liver after absorption but before reaching systemic circulation. |
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Definition
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Term
| The portion of drug that is NOT bound to plasma protein is pharmacologically active but can not well distribute into tissues. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Assay cross-reactivity refers to diminished assay performance by structurally related drug compounds or metabolites for which the assay method measures as if they were the desired assay compound. |
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Definition
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Term
| If drug A follows dose-dependent (non-linear) elimination and Km = 20mg/L. Assume that a single IV dose of 100mg achieves an initial plasma concentration of 40mg/L - Describe the type of plasma drug concentration vs. time curve that is likely to be observed at the 100 mg dose of drug A. |
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Definition
| If log C is plotted against time, the graphed line will be curved at the top and become a straight line when plasma concentration = Km. |
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Term
| T/F Active transport moves drug molecules against a concentration gradient. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Active transport follow's Fick's law of diffusion. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Active transport requires energy. |
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Definition
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Term
| T/F Active transport of drug molecules may be saturated at high drug concentrations. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A prodrug is a drug that becomes active after biotransformation. |
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Term
| Is hydrolysis a Phase I or a Phase II reaction? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the term "bioavailability." |
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Definition
| A measurement of the rate and extent of drug that reaches the systemic circulation. |
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Term
| If drug A goes from being 80% bound to plasma albumin to being 90% bound. Assuming that plasma volume (Vp), volume of tissue (Vt), and free fraction in the tissue (Ft) does not change, how will the volume of distribution (V) change? |
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Definition
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Term
| The biological half-life of many drugs in often prolonged in neonates because of ? |
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Definition
| incompletely developed enzyme systems |
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Term
| Since aminoglycosides are inactivated by penicillins, what is/are the proper way(s) to handle the plasma sample after it is drawn? |
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Definition
| Either freeze the sample until it can be analyzed OR immediately analyze the sample. |
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Term
| Cationic drugs and weak bases are more likely to bind to |
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Definition
| Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. |
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Term
| Anionic drugs are more likely to bind to |
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Definition
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Term
| Lipophilic drugs are more likely to bind to |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a drawback of model independent relationships? |
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Definition
| they cannot be used to predict plasma concentration versus time profiles |
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Term
| T/F Model independent relationships can be used to predict plasma concentration versus time profiles |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 2 most important pharmacokinetic parameters? |
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Definition
| total body clearance and apparent volume of distribution |
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Term
| What is the term used to express bioavailability? |
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Definition
| F (a number less than or equal to 1 that indicates the fraction of drug reaching the systemic circulation) |
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