Term
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Definition
| dense area in center of atom that has a positive charge; made up of protons and neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| "positively charged, subatomic particle located in the nucleus" |
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Definition
| "negatively charged, subatomic particle, orbits the nucleus in energy levels" |
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Term
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Definition
| "neutral, subatomic particle located in the nucleus" |
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Term
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Definition
| number of protons in an atom; unique for each element |
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Term
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Definition
| Number of protons plus neutrons in an atom |
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Term
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Definition
| "atoms of same element with different number of neutrons, therefore different masses" |
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Term
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Definition
| "areas outside the nucleus that electrons orbit in, each area has a different range of energy" |
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Term
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Definition
| locations and motions of electrons outside the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| an estimate of the location of an electron at any given time based on its energy |
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Term
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Definition
| arrangement of the electrons in the orbitals of an atom |
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Term
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Definition
| atom whose electrons in are their lowest energy levels |
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Term
| What ideas did Dalton contribute (add) to the model of the atom? |
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Definition
| Dalton's Theory: All matter is made of individual particles called atoms, they cannot be divided |
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Term
| What idea did Thomson contribute (add) to the model of the atom? |
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Definition
| Showed atoms are made of even smaller particles; chocolate chip ice cream model; atoms are neutral |
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Term
| What idea did Rutherford contribute (add) to the model of the atom? |
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Definition
| He performed the gold foil experiment; discovered the nucleus; the nucleus is positive |
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Term
| What idea did Bohr contribute (add) to the model of the atom? |
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Definition
| He determined electrons were in energy levels; electrons can move from one level to another |
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Term
| What are the 3 subatomic particles that make up an atom? |
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Definition
| Protons, Neutrons, & Electrons |
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Term
| What properties can be used to compare Protons, Electrons, & Neutrons? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are atoms of one element different from atoms of another element? |
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Definition
| Each element has a unique number of protons in its atoms |
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Term
| What is different between 2 isotopes of the same element? |
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Definition
| They each have a different number of neutrons |
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Term
| What can happen to electrons when they gain or lose energy? |
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Definition
| They can change energy levels. |
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Term
| State the 4 parts of Dalton's Theory: |
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Definition
| 1. All elements are made of atoms; 2. All atoms of the same element have the same mass; 3. Compounds contain atoms of more than one element; 4. Compounds always combine in the same ways |
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Term
| What idea did Democritus contribute (add) to the model of the atom? |
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Definition
| He believed all matter was made of small pieces that could NOT be divided; introduced the term atomos (atoms) |
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Term
| What do neutrons and protons have in common? |
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Definition
| They are both located in the nucleus of an atom, they also have the same mass. (1 amu) |
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Term
| What is different between a proton and a neutron? |
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Definition
| Protons are positive, while neutrons are neutral. |
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Term
| How can atoms be neutral if they contain charged particles? |
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Definition
| The number of positively charged particles equals the number of negatively charged particles= neutral. |
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Term
| What is the difference between O-16 & O-17? |
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Definition
| Their masses are different meaning they are isotopes and have different numbers of neutrons. |
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Term
| What model of the atom is used to explain electron behavior? |
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Definition
| The electron cloud model. |
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Term
| What is the most stable electron configuration for an atom? |
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Definition
| When the electrons are in ground state- lowest possible energy level. |
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Term
| Whose model is best described as a solid sphere (like a bowling ball)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Whose model is most like a chocolate chip cookie? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the majority of an atom's mass located? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the majority of an atom's volume located? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which particle is the smallest (least mass)? |
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Definition
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Term
| Atoms emit (give off) light when they do what? |
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Definition
| Change energy levels-go to a lower level |
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