Term
| Community Health Program Planning: priorities are established based on? |
|
Definition
| -based on extent of problem (community members; perception of health needs, percent of population affected by problem), the relevance of the problem to the public (degree of risk, economic loss), and the estimated impact of intervention (improvement of health outcome, adverse effects) |
|
|
Term
| What is the foundation for community specific-program planning? |
|
Definition
| Community assessment and diagnosis |
|
|
Term
| Community Health nurse role includes |
|
Definition
-interacting with community partners serving the community at large
-witnessing the interaction between community programs and the response of the client to the services
-identifying future services based upon the visible needs of community members and population groups |
|
|
Term
| Components of a community assessment (3) |
|
Definition
1. people
2. place or environment
3.social systems |
|
|
Term
| Components of a community assessment --> people |
|
Definition
demographic (distribution, mobility, density, census data)
biological factors (health+disease stats, genetics, race, age, gender, causes of death)
-social factors (occupation, activities, marital status, education, income, crime rates, recreation, industry)
cultural factors (positions, roles, history, values, customs, norms, religion |
|
|
Term
| Components of a community assessment -->place or environment |
|
Definition
-Physical factors: geography, terrain, type of community, location of health services, housing, animal control
-Environmental factors: geography, climate, flora, fauna, topography, toxic substances, vectors, pollutants |
|
|
Term
| Components of a community assessment -->Social systems |
|
Definition
| health systems, economic system, education system, religious, welfare, political, recreation, legal, communication, transportation, resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Direct discussion with community members for the purpose of obtaining ideas and opinions from key informants |
|
|
Term
| Informant interviews - strengths |
|
Definition
| -minimal cost, participants serving as future supporters, offer insight into beliefs and attitudes of community members, reading/writing of participants not required, personal interaction may elicit more detailed responses |
|
|
Term
| Informant interviews - limitations |
|
Definition
| built in bias, meeting time and place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Community Forum - strengths |
|
Definition
| opportunity for community input, minimal cost |
|
|
Term
| Community Forum - limitations |
|
Definition
| difficulty finding a convenient time and place, potential to drift from the issue, challenging to get adequate participation, possibility that a less vocal person may be reluctant to speak |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| use of existing data (death stats, birth stats, census data, mortality, morbidity, health records, minutes from meetings, prior health surveys) to assess problems |
|
|
Term
| Secondary data - strengths |
|
Definition
| database of prior concerns/needs of population, ability to trend health issues over times |
|
|
Term
| Secondary data - limitations |
|
Definition
| possibility that data may not represent current situation, can be time-consuming |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| observation of formal or informal community activities |
|
|
Term
| Participant observation - strengths |
|
Definition
| indication of community priorities, environmental profile, and identification of power structures |
|
|
Term
| Participant observation - limitations |
|
Definition
| bias, time-consuming, inability to ask questions of participants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| descriptive approach that assesses several community components by driving through a community |
|
|
Term
| Windshield survey - strengths |
|
Definition
| provides descriptive overview of community |
|
|
Term
| Windshield survey - limitations |
|
Definition
| need for a driver so that the nurse can visualize and document the community elements, may be time-consuming, results based only on visualization and does not include input from community members |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| directed talk with a representative sample |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| possibility of participants being potential supporters, provides insight into community support, reading/writing of participants not required |
|
|
Term
| Focus Groups - limitations |
|
Definition
| possible discussion of irrelevant issues, challenging to get participants, requires strong facilitator, difficult to ensure that sample is truly representative of the overall community, time consuming to transcribe discussion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| specific questions asked in written format |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| data collected on pt population and problems, random sampling, available as written or online format, contact with participants not required |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low response rate, expensive, time-consuming, possibility of the collection of superficial data, requires reading/writing abilities of participants |
|
|
Term
| Steps in analysis of community assessment include: (6) |
|
Definition
1. gathering collected data into database
2. assessing completeness of data
3.identifying and generating missing data
4. synthesizing data and identifying themes
5. identifying community needs and problems
6. identifying community strengths and resources |
|
|
Term
| Community nursing diagnosis written like: |
|
Definition
| Risk of (specific problem or risk in the community) among (specific population) related to (Strengths and weaknesses in the community that influence the problem or risk) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gain entry into community and establish trust, obtain community awareness, support, and involvements, coordinate collaborations that have similar interests in addressing identified problems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Collect data abou the community and its members |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complete a needs assessment and ID community strengths and weaknesses, assess the availability of community resources, evaluate secondary health data |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| identify and prioritize health needs of the community |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| analyze data to determine health needs, working with community members, local health pros and admins to develop priorities and estab outcomse, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| develop interventions to meet identified outcomes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
determine possible solutions to meet the health need and select the best option
establish goals and objectives for the selected solution, select strategies/interventions to meet the objectives, plan a logical sequence for interventions by establishing a timetable, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| evaluate success of the interventions, ID strength/weaknesses |
|
|
